Browsing by Author "Tigga, Kiran"
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ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC VARIABILITY AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS FOR GRAIN YIELD AND ITS ATTRIBUTING TRAITS IN WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)(INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDYALAYA RAIPUR (Chhattisgarh), 2021) Ravishankar; Tigga, Kiran; Sinha, S.K.; Rathiya, P.S.; Chouksey, NeelamA study entitled “Genetic variability and character association analysis for grain yield and its attributing traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)” was conducted at IGKV, RMD CARS, Research cum Instructional Farm, Ambikapur (C.G.) during Rabi 2020-21 to estimate genetic variability, correlation, path coefficient analysis and genetic diversity in twenty-three genotypes of wheat. Observation was recorded for fourteen characters viz; days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), flag leaf length (cm), number of productive tillers per meter square, peduncle length (cm), spike length (cm), spike weight (g), number of spikelets per spike, number. of grains per. spike, test weight (g.), biological yield per plot (g), harvest index (%.) and grain yield per plot (g). According to the analysis of variance, the treatment was very significant for all of the traits studied indicating that the genotypes performed differentially from each other for all the characters. “The conclusion that the phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation revealed the importance of the environment in character expression”. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percentage of mean was seen for number of grains per spike and rest of the characters expressed moderate to low genetic advance as percentage of mean coupled with high to moderate heritability indicating the action of non-additive genetic variance in their expression. “Correlation coefficient analysis exhibited maximum positive significant for number of productive tillers per square meter, seed yield per plot followed by number of spikelets per spike, harvest index (%) and number of grains per spike at genotypic level”. Path coefficient analysis showed maximum positive direct effect of number of productive tillers per square meter followed by harvest index (%), biological yield per plot (g), days to maturity, test weight (g), number of spikelets per spike and plant height (cm), suggesting for direct selection of these characters. Spike length (cm), spike weight (g), number of grains per spike, flag leaf length (cm) and days to maturity were indirectly affected to improve grain yield per plot. Diversity analysis through D2-analysis was carried out among 23 wheat genotypes. Cluster analysis distributed the 23 genotypes into 5 clusters. Cluster III has maximum number of genotypes i.e.,12 genotypes. Based on “intra-cluster distance, the most diverse clusters among all clusters were cluster IV whereas, the highest inter-cluster D2 values were observed between cluster I and V (656.39) followed by cluster II and V (508.22), cluster I and IV (474.93), cluster III and V (389.13) and cluster I and III (272.77). Highly diverse genotypes can be used in hybridization programme”. Present investigation revealed that about best wheat genotype with respect to various traits including number of productive tillers per square meter and grain yield per plot are CG-2013 followed by CG-2014 and 17th HTWYT 18-05 whereas, for harvest index (%) 17th HTWYT 18-05 followed by CG-2013, and HI 1634 they were represented high yielding genotypes of wheat.ThesisItem Open Access “GENETIC VARIABILITY AND PATH ANALYSIS FOR YIELD ATTRIBUTING TRAITS IN COWPEA (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)”(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2009) Tigga, Kiran; Pandey, R.L.; Sharma, R.N.; Choubey, N.K.; Saxena, R.R.The present investigation was conducted during kharif 2008 at Instructional cum Research Farm and Laboratory of the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, (C.G.). The experimental material comprising 22 genotypes of cowpea was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications for estimation of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance, correlation analysis, path coefficient analysis and genetic divergence. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters studied except for number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant and number of clusters per plant. The highest magnitude of genotypic and phenotypic variation was observed for seed yield per plot, seed yield per plant, swelling index, swelling capacity, plant population per plot, days to maturity, plant height, seed volume, hydration index, days to 50% flowering, hydration capacity and 100 seed weight. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for days to maturity, seed volume, swelling capacity, swelling index and seed yield per plot indicating that heritability is due to additive gene action and selection based on these characters may be effective. Correlation coefficient analysis revealed that seed volume, hydration capacity and swelling capacity had significant positive association with 100 seed weight. Hence, improvement of 100 seed weight per plant can be achieved by improving these characters. Path coefficient analysis revealed that seed volume and swelling capacity had positive direct and significant correlation with 100 seed weight while number of pods per plant had negative direct effect and also negative significant correlation with 100 seed weight. Therefore, emphasis should be given to seed volume and swelling capacity for the genetic improvement of 100 seed weight. Divergence analysis revealed that considerable amount of genetic divergence was present in the material under study. Based on Mahalanobis‟s D2 statistic, genotypes grouped into four non-overlapping clusters showed genetic diversity rather geographical diversity. Intercrossing of genotypes from different clusters showing superior mean performance may help in obtaining higher yields. Genotypes belonging to cluster I may produce better heterosis and segregants with the genotypes of cluster III and IV. The present investigation revealed that selection for the characters such as seed yield per plant, biological yield, number of capsules per plant, days to maturity and number of primary branches per plant is important to evolve high yielding genotypes of cowpea. Development of dual type cowpea can also be taken up as one of the breeding objective.ThesisItem Open Access “GENETIC VARIABILITY AND PATH ANALYSIS FOR YIELD ATTRIBUTING TRAITS IN COWPEA (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)”(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2009) Tigga, Kiran; Pandey, R.L.; Sharma, R.N.; Choubey, N.K.; Saxena, R.R.The present investigation was conducted during kharif 2008 at Instructional cum Research Farm and Laboratory of the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, (C.G.). The experimental material comprising 22 genotypes of cowpea was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications for estimation of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance, correlation analysis, path coefficient analysis and genetic divergence. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters studied except for number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant and number of clusters per plant. The highest magnitude of genotypic and phenotypic variation was observed for seed yield per plot, seed yield per plant, swelling index, swelling capacity, plant population per plot, days to maturity, plant height, seed volume, hydration index, days to 50% flowering, hydration capacity and 100 seed weight. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for days to maturity, seed volume, swelling capacity, swelling index and seed yield per plot indicating that heritability is due to additive gene action and selection based on these characters may be effective. Correlation coefficient analysis revealed that seed volume, hydration capacity and swelling capacity had significant positive association with 100 seed weight. Hence, improvement of 100 seed weight per plant can be achieved by improving these characters. Path coefficient analysis revealed that seed volume and swelling capacity had positive direct and significant correlation with 100 seed weight while number of pods per plant had negative direct effect and also negative significant correlation with 100 seed weight. Therefore, emphasis should be given to seed volume and swelling capacity for the genetic improvement of 100 seed weight. Divergence analysis revealed that considerable amount of genetic divergence was present in the material under study. Based on Mahalanobis‟s D2 statistic, genotypes grouped into four non-overlapping clusters showed genetic diversity rather geographical diversity. Intercrossing of genotypes from different clusters showing superior mean performance may help in obtaining higher yields. Genotypes belonging to cluster I may produce better heterosis and segregants with the genotypes of cluster III and IV. The present investigation revealed that selection for the characters such as seed yield per plant, biological yield, number of capsules per plant, days to maturity and number of primary branches per plant is important to evolve high yielding genotypes of cowpea. Development of dual type cowpea can also be taken up as one of the breeding objective.