Browsing by Author "Sverup John"
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ThesisItem Open Access Analysis of Maturity related Characters and Identification of Early Maturing Varieties in Groundnut(Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture,Vellayani, 1990) Sunil Kumar, A C; KAU; Sverup JohnWith the intention of identifying suitable superior early maturing genotypes for intensive cultivation in the summer rice fallows of Kerala, a study was conducted for determining the time of optimum physiological maturity of twelve bunch type groundnut genotypes by analyzing the various maturity related component characters in staggered harvests. The twelve test genotypes and the yield and duration checks were staggered harvested at 70, 80, 90, 100 and 110 DAS. The characters that were put to study in each harvest included the height of plant, number and percentage of mature pods, pod yield, 100 pod weight, 100 kernel weight, shelling percentage, percentage of sound mature kernels, haulms yield, harvest index and oil percentage. Analysis of the various parameters in different genotypes indicated that peak pod yield and time of optimum maturity were closely associated with peak performances of components like number of mature pods, 100 pod weight, 100 kernel weight, sound mature kernel percentage and shelling percentage. It was also noted that the genotypes gave fairly high oil percentage at the time of optimum maturity. The genotypes IES 882, IES 883. IES885, ICGS(E) 21, ICGS(E) 52, ICGS(E) 121, Dh(E) 20 and Dh(E) 32 attained optimum physiological maturity at 90 DAS due to attainment of peak values for the various maturity related component characters. A critical appraisal however showed that the genotypes ICGS (E) 52 and IES 883 exhibited significantly superior performance over the remaining genotypes and the yield and duration checks at 90 DAS. The genotypes ICGS (E) 52 and IES 883 may be recommended for intensive cultivation in the summer rice fallows of Kerala owing to realization of high yield and yield attributes, combined with early maturity. ICGS (E) 52 ranked first with a pod yield 12.85 g per plant, 100 pod weight of 88.6 g and 100 kernel weight of 38.1 g. The genotype IES 883 stood second in performance with a pod yield of 12.00 g per plant, 100 pod weight of 88.3 g and 100 kernel weight of 36.2 g. Both the genotypes exhibited appreciably high performance for shelling percentage and sound mature kernel percentage also.ThesisItem Open Access Combining ability, gene action and heterosis in sesame(Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1989) Elizabeth George; KAU; Sverup JohnEvaluation of six parents and fifteen hybrids of sesame were undertaken in the uplands of Vellayani for combining ability, gene action and heterosis. The six parents were chosen from twentythree sesame verities based on their general performance, which were then crossed in all possible combinations, excluding reciprocals, to get fifteen hybrids. Eleven characters, which included yield and yield attributes were studied. Significant differences were observed among the twentyone treatments for all the characters studied, except for days to mature. Combining ability analysis was carried out based on Method 2 under Model I as suggested by Griffing (1956). The variance due to specific combining ability was significant and higher in magnitude than general combining ability variance for all the characters. It was seen that the varieties S.8 and VS.27 were the best general combiners and the cross combinations CO.1 x VS.27, VS.27 x K.1 and CO.1 x S.8 were the best specific combinations for yield and yield attributes. The important yield attributes and yield were conditioned by significant g.c.a and s.c.a variances suggesting the importance of additive and non-additive gene action in combining the inheriance of these characters. Non- additive gene action was found to be predominant for all the characters studied. Heterosis percentage was calculated over mid, better and check parental values. Positive heterosis was noticed for all the characters in general and maximum vigour was manifested for the characters capsule number per plant and seed yield. Heterosis in seed yield was reflected through heterosis in yield components. In the present study, a near perfect positive correspondence was observed between s.c.a and the extent of heterosis. The varieties S.8 and VS.27 and the cross combinations CO.1 x VS.27, VS.27 x K.1 and CO.1 x S.8 can be further exploited while framing future breeding programmes.ArticleItem Open Access Genetic analysis of multicapsuled character in sesame(Kerala Agricultural University, 1983) Sverup John; Gopinathan Nair, V; KAUGenetic analysis of the multicapsuled condition in sesame was undertaken. Six multicapsuled types isolated from a varietal collection and a single capsuled type were crossed in all possible combinations. The capsule type in the hybrids was compared to that of the parents and conclusions drawn. The multicapsuled condition was recessive to single capsuled condition. Estimation of the Viumber of genes responsible for this character revealed the operation of two independent recessive genes symbolised as 'p1' and 'p/. Either of these genes together in a genotype in the double recessive condition can produce a better expression of this character.ArticleItem Open Access Genetic analysis of multiloculed pod character in sesame(Kerala Agricultural University, 1981) Sverup John; Gopinathan Nair, V; KAUGenetic analysis of he multiloculed condition in sesame was undertaken. Four multiloculed types isolated from a varietal collection and the four loculed type (Kayamkulam-1) were crossed in all passible combinations. The pod type in the hybrids was compared with that of the parents and conclusions drawn. The multiloculed condition was recessive to the four loculed condition. Estimation of the number of genes responsible for this character revealed the operation of two independent recessive genes symbolised as i ' and 'I/. Either of these in hoTiozygous condition produced multilocular expression. Presence of these two genes together in a genotype in the double recessive condition can produce a better expression of this character.ArticleItem Open Access Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in sesame(Kerala Agricultural University, 1993) Sverup John; Gopinathan Nair, V; KAUOne hundred sesame genotypes were evaluated in a simple lattice design at the College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Trivandrum during rabi in uplands. The data collected on yield and component characters were statistically analysed and genetic parameters viz., GCV, H and genetic advance were estimated. High values of GCV, H and genetic advance were obtained for the yield component characters such as number of capsules on main stem, number of branches and number of capsules on branches. Selection for these characters during rabi will therefore be effective for crop improvement.ThesisItem Open Access Genetic variability, path analysis and stability parameters in sesame(Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1985) Sverup John; KAU; Gopinathan Nair, VBiometric analysis in a varietal collection of sesame was undertaken to study the genetic variability, correlations, path analysis and stability parameters. One hundred sesame types were evaluated in replicated trials at Vellayani in uplands during rabi and at Kayamkulam in rice fallows during summer. Genetic variability and correlations were estimated and path analysis worked out independently as both the locations. Location trials for estimating stability parameters were conducted at three places viz. in uplands during rabi at Pattambi and Vellayani and in rice fallows during summer at KayamkulamArticleItem Open Access Inter-relations of yield and its components in sesame(Kerala Agricultural University, 1990) Sverup John; Gopinathan Nair, V; KAUOne hundred sesame types were evaluated in replicated trials in rice fallows. There was positive and significant genotypic correlation of yield of seeds with number of capsules on branches, number of capsules per plant, number of branches, number of fruiting axils per unit length and weight of 1000 seeds. Number of days to flowering, maturing, height of the plant, height up to first capsule, length and circumferance of capsule and number of seeds per capsule exerted negative and significant genotypic correlation with yield of seeds. The quality characters such as seed oil content and seed protein content did not have significant genotypic correlation with yield of seeds. The maximum positive direct effects on yield of seeds was exerted through number of capsules per plant followed by number of branches. The indirect effects of other characters via. these characters on yield of seeds were considerable. Hence it can be inferred that number of capsules per plant and number of branches are to be given importance in selection programme. The proposed plant architecture for higher productivity during summer can be dwarf in stature, profuse branching, early flowering and maturing, bearing large number of capsules with large sized seeds.ArticleItem Open Access New techniques of selfing and crossing in sesame(Kerala Agricultural University, 1981) Sverup John; Gopinathan Nair, V; KAUArticleItem Open Access Sneha, an improved variety of groundnut for uplands(Kerala Agricultural University, 2000) Suma Bai, D I; Manju, P; Sverup John; Wilson, D; Gopimony, R; Vijayagopal, P D; KAUInitial evaluation trials (lETs) were conducted with 18 superior types and 18 extra early segregants from the Fs progenies during 1993. From the lETs, seven high yielding types and nine high yielding, extra early progeny bulks were selected and subjected to CYTs during kharif 1994 and 1995 at the College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram along with check varieties. Two promising types, VGE-551 and 1SKO-8805 with high yield and two cultures, Culture 15 and Culture 18 with high yield and early maturity were advanced to farm trials along with TMV 2 and local check at nine locations in Thiruvananthapuram district during kharif 1996. Culture 15 with high yield and early maturity was recommended for release as Sneha suitable for cultivation in the uplands of Thiruvananthapuram district.ArticleItem Open Access Two new sesame varieties for Kerala(Kerala Agricultural University, 1989) Sverup John; Abdul Khader, K M; Geetha, P; Gopinathan Nair, V; KAUACV-1 and ACV-2 are the two new sesame varieties released in Kerala recently. These varieties were evolved by pureline selection from germplasm types P38 (a Punjab variety) and No.42 (a West Bengal variety) respectively. ACV-1 (selection No. 38-1) was released as 'Soma' for summer rice fallows. This has multiloculed capsules having white bold seeds with substantial increase in seed yield over the standard variety, Kayamkulam 2. ACV-2 (Selection No.42-1) was released as 'Surya' for the rabi uplands. This variety also has multiloculed capsules having grey bold seeds with significant increase in seed yield over Kayamkulam 2.