Browsing by Author "Suma Bai, D I"
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ArticleItem Open Access Gamma ray induced variation for yield in sweet potato(Kerala Agricultural University, 1995) Nayar, N K; Suma Bai, D I; KAUArticleItem Open Access Genetic analysis of yield and its components in fodder maize(Kerala Agricultural University, 1995) Sreekumar, S G; Suma Bai, D I; KAUNine fodder maize types were evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications during summer 1992 at the College of Agriculture, Vellayani under the AICRP (Forage Crops). Genetic analysis of fodder yield and its components revealed that plant height and plant population recorded high genotypic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance indicating that selection based on these characters will result in improving fodder yield. Highest genotypic correlation was observed between green and dry fodder yield and also between plant population and dry fodder yield. High heritability and high genetic advance observed for plant height indicate additive gene action and the reliability of this character during selection programmes for improving the yield.ArticleItem Open Access Genetic analysis of yield and its components in fodder teosinte (Euchlaena mexicana L. schrad)(Kerala Agricultural University, 2000) Suma Bai, D I; Lekha Rani, C; KAUen fodder tcosintc types were evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications during Kharif 1995 at the College of Agriculture, Vellayani under AICRP on Forage Crops. Genetic analysis of fodder yield and its components revealed that plant height recorded high genotypic coefficient oi' variation, herilability and genetic advance indicating that selection based on this character will result in improving fodder yield. Highest genotypic correlation was observed between green fodder yield and dry matter yield. Leaf number per plant and plant stand recorded highest positive genotypic correlation with green fodder yieldThesisItem Open Access Interspecific Hybridisation in Sorghum(Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2005) Jithesh, V G; KAU; Suma Bai, D IA study on ‘Interspecific hybridization in Sorghum’ was carried out in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani during 2003-2004 with the objective of developing sorghum-sudan grass hybrids with high fodder yield potential and better quality. Five superior accessions of sorghum viz., GD 65174-1,GD65174-2, GD 65195, GD 65239 and Acc. No. 846 (lines) with high yield potential and better palatability and three accessions of sudan grass viz., Jhansi local, SSG-59-3 and IS-720 (testers) with high tillering ability were crossed in a Line x Tester mating design to obtain 15 hybrid combinations. The lines, testers and their hybrids were evaluated along with a check COFS-29 in a replicated field trial for mean performance, combining ability and heterosis. Observations on plant height, tiller number per plant, stem girth, internodal length, leaf/stem ratio, leaf number per plant, leaf weight per plant, days to 50 per cent flowering, green fodder yield, dry fodder yield, crude protein content, crude fibre content and HCN content were recorded. Significant differences among treatments were observed for all characters. Significant differences among crosses were observed for all characters except tiller number per plant. General and specific combining ability variances and effects were studied. The magnitude of SCA variance alone was significant suggesting the predominance of dominance gene action in controlling these traits. Based on mean performance and gca effects, Acc. No. 846 was identified as the best general combiner among lines and SSG-59-3 among testers. The crosses, GD 65195 x IS-720 and Acc. No. 846 x SSG-59-3 were found to be promising for green fodder yield and its component traits based on mean performance, sca effects and standard heterosis. Hence these crosses can be advanced for further trials for developing superior sorghum-sudan grass hybrid varieties.ThesisItem Open Access Quantitative variation and genetic divergence in fodder rice bean [Vigna umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi and Ohashi](Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture,Vellayani, 2002) Salu Appan, B; Suma Bai, D II\. research programme was carried out at the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani during 1999-2000 with the objective of estimating the variability in the important economic characters and the genetic divergence among the accessions in order to group them into clusters based on the magnitude of genetic distance using Mahalanobis 02 statistic. The experiment was conducted using 60 accessions adopting a randomised block design with two replications. Data collected on eleven characters were subjected to statistical analysis. Coefficient of variation, heritability, genetic advance, correlation among the characters, path coefficient and genetic divergence were estimated. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the accessions for all the characters except duration of the crop. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation were high for leaf weight per plant, number of leaves per plant and green fodder yield. I ligh heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for plant height, leaf weight per plant, green fodder yield and dry fodder yield. Correlation studies indicated that plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area index, leaf weight per plant, dry fodder yield and crude fibre content exhibited significant positive correlation with green fodder yield. vii Leaf weight per plant exhibited the highest positive direct effect on green fodder yield followed by plant height. Number of branches per plant and leaf area index recorded negative direct effect on green fodder yield. Based on the genetic distances computed with respect to ten characters studied, the 60 accessions of fodder rice bean were grouped into five clusters while accessions LRB 235, LRB 221, LRB 225, RBL 118 and LRB 145 remained as single. Maximum divergence was obtained between C4 and CID while divergence was minimum between Cl and C3. Hence, selection of parents from C4 and CIO will be effective [or an overall improvement of fodder yield. viiiThesisItem Open Access Seedling Progeny analysis in selected clones of Guinea grass (Panicum maximum Jacq.)(Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1997) Babu, R; KAU; Suma Bai, D IA study was carried out at the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture. Vellayani during July 1996 to May 1997 with the objective of ascertaining the seedling progeny behaviour in selected clones of guinea grass. A field experiment was conducted utilizing ten guinea grass clones available with All India Co- ordinated Research Project on Forage Crops to assess variability and identify three superior clones. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference for seven out of the eleven characters studied. The estimates of genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation were in general low for all the characters. Leaf area index recorded high heritability coupled with low genetic gain indicating non additive gene action. Correlation values of green fodder yield with all other characters were positive both at genotypic and phenotypic level. A selection index was formulated and three high yielding clones viz JHGG 96-3. JHGG 96-4 and Riversdale were selected and then subjected to progeny mean analysis along with two high yielding mutant clones viz Haritha and Marathakom in a compact family block design using seeds and slips. Marathakom recorded insignificant difference in variability with respect to two types of planting materials for ten out of the eleven characters studied, thus confirming the predominance of apomictic mode of reproduction and suitability to large scale seed production. Significant difference in variability was discernible in the remaining clones for more than one character indicating prevalence of sexual reproduction in these clones. Further studies on inheritance of percentage sexual reproduction in these clones would be desirable before embarking on large scale seed production.ArticleItem Open Access Sneha, an improved variety of groundnut for uplands(Kerala Agricultural University, 2000) Suma Bai, D I; Manju, P; Sverup John; Wilson, D; Gopimony, R; Vijayagopal, P D; KAUInitial evaluation trials (lETs) were conducted with 18 superior types and 18 extra early segregants from the Fs progenies during 1993. From the lETs, seven high yielding types and nine high yielding, extra early progeny bulks were selected and subjected to CYTs during kharif 1994 and 1995 at the College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram along with check varieties. Two promising types, VGE-551 and 1SKO-8805 with high yield and two cultures, Culture 15 and Culture 18 with high yield and early maturity were advanced to farm trials along with TMV 2 and local check at nine locations in Thiruvananthapuram district during kharif 1996. Culture 15 with high yield and early maturity was recommended for release as Sneha suitable for cultivation in the uplands of Thiruvananthapuram district.ThesisItem Open Access Variability studies in fodder sorghum sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench(Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2003) Bini, K; KAU; Suma Bai, D IA research programme was carried out in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani during August to November 2002 with the objective of estimating the variability in important economic characters and to select superior accessions of fodder sorghum .The experiment was conducted using 50 accessions of fodder sorghum collected from ICRISAT adopting a randomized block design with two replications. Data collected on eleven characters were subjected to statistical analysis. Coefficients of variation, heritability, genetic advance, correlation among the characters, path analysis and selection index were estimated. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference among the accessions for all the characters. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were high for leaf weight per plant, green fodder yield, number of leaves per plant, leaf area index and number of tillers per plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance for plant height at harvest, leaf weight per plant and green fodder yield revealed the presence of additive gene action. Hence simple pedigree method will be effective for improvement of these traits. Correlation studies indicated that crude protein content, leaf weight per plant, plant stand after germination, leaf area index and plant height at harvest exhibited significant positive correlation with green fodder yield. Leaf weight per plant exhibited the highest positive direct effect on green fodder yield followed by leaf area index and plant height at harvest. Based on selection index with respect to eleven characters studied, ten superior accessions were selected by exercising 20 per cent selection. They were Acc. Nos.11079, 11026, 11446, 680, 11456, 670, 11128, 11298, 1005 and 902.ThesisItem Open Access Yield potential and adaptability of black gram genotypes for rice fallows(Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1995) Saji Kumar, K R; KAU; Suma Bai, D IA research programme was carried out at the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Vellayani during January-April 1995 with the objective of assessing yield potential and adaptability of black gram genotypes in summer rice fallows. Thirty varieties were evaluated adopting a randomised complete block design with three replications. Data on twenty one characters were collected and subjected to statistical analysis. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference among the varieties for all the characters except number of pickings. Genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were highest for incidence of rust disease, leaf area index, biological yield, seed yield per plant and height of plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was recorded for leaf area index, height of plant, number of pods per plant and stomatal distribution suggesting the reliability of these characters during selection progrmme. High positive genotypic correlation of pod weight, number of pods per plant and number of pod clusters per plant with grain yield has indicated that selection based on the above components result in the improvement of grain yield. Selection index based on yield contributing characters has enabled to select six high yielding adaptable black gram genotypes viz. Co-Bg-309, Co-Bg-9, B-3-8-8-1, WBG-67, Co-Bg-303 and T-9.