Browsing by Author "Singh, Deepa"
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ThesisItem Open Access A study on appropriate household storage structures - A system's approach(I.C College Of Home Science Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 1998) Singh, Deepa; Sangwan, VeenaThesisItem Open Access Cloning and Characterization of the Dengue Virus Envelope Gene from Clinical Sample.(Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi., 2022) Singh, Deepa; Kumar, RajeshDengue feveris one of the most significant arboviral infections that affect people. It is principally transmitted by the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and rarely by Aedes albopictus. It is brought on by the dengue virus, a member of the flavivirus genus that belongs to the Flaviviridae family. Dengue virus is enveloped,single-stranded RNA genomes of positive polarity. The genome is ~11kb in length, capped at 5’end but lacks poly-A tail at 3’ end. The ORF region of the genome is flanked by the two untranslated regions (UTR’s) at the 5’end and 3’ end.The genomic organization consists of three structural proteins (capsid, C; membrane, M and envelope, E) and seven non-structural proteins (NS1, NS2, NS3, NS4, NS4A, NS4B, and NS5). The dengue virus exists as four antigenically distinct serotypes,DENV1, DENV2, DENV3, and DENV4 which diverge ~30% in their genomic similarity.The E protein present on the outer surface is the first point of attachment for the viral entry and contains the epitope-specific for dengue serotypes.The pathogenicity of viruses can be affected by mutations in this protein. Thus, this study targeted the E gene of dengue for the characterization of the dengue virus.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to establish the diagnosis of dengue from the viral RNA recovered from the suspected dengue clinical sample. DENV-specific gene primers amplified the 1700 bp of the targeted E-gene. With the help of restriction enzyme analysis and nucleotide sequencing of genomic fragments, the desired amplified product was further examined for serotype identity. The restriction enzyme Eco RI was used to carry out the digestion. A T/A cloning vector was used to ligate the digested product. The ligated product was cloned into competent cells DH5α of E.coli plated on an LB-AIX plate. The study based on cloning the gene fragments of DENV1 and DENV2 is useful to diagnose dengue fever and study the structure and function of E-genes in detail. In addition, the selection of the E coding sequence as a sequencing target provides a sufficient phylogenetic signal to distinguish DENV from other flaviviruses and between serotypes.ThesisItem Open Access Knowledge and adoption of selected animal husbandry practices in KVK adopted and non adopted villages in Rewa district of M.P.(IVRI, Izatnagar, 2015) Singh, Deepa; Niranjan LalThesisItem Open Access Optimization of Process Parameters in Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) of Heat Treated Carbon Tool Steel (SK2MCr4)(MPUT, UDAIPUR, 2019) Singh, Deepa; Jindal, S.Manufacturing with machining contributes to a larger extent in most of the industry as even the formed parts needs finishing by removal of material. The conventional machining processing involving common machine tools is making use of modern technology high production through better tooling and computer numerical control machining. The conventional material can be process with normal tools and machined with ease and little stress on the system. But special alloys, with high hardness and toughness are difficult to be worked on by these machines. Especially heat treated components acquire such a high degree of surface hardness that these are impossible to be cut with the best of tool materials available as on date. To take care of these challenges, modern machining method has be evolved using non-conventional approaches for metal removal, such as Electric discharge machining (EDM). In this work, experiments are carried out to investigate the effect of process parameters on material removal rate of machined workpiece specimens and it is observed that the rate of material removal rate is calculated with high degree of accuracy after the machining process. The experiments are performed on ZNC-250 die-sink electric discharge machine for EDM drilling of SK2MCr4 carbon tool steel workpiece using copper rod as electrode. Experiments are designed using fractional and full factorial design of experiment (DOE) and experimental runs were conducted for various combinations of process parameters such as current (I), pulse on time (Ton), servo voltage (V) and keeping pulse off time (Toff) as constant. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), and regression techniques were employed to study the performance characteristics at different conditions and levels according to DOE. It is found that the MRR is mainly influenced by current where as other two parameters i.e. pulse on time and servo voltage have lesser effect on material removal rate. The maximum MRR is 16.24 mm³/min. The percentage contribution of the current, pulse on time and servo voltage are found to be 64.29%, 25.78% and 4.04% in fractional DOE approach while in full factorial DOE 95 approach, the percentage contributions are 62.05%, 26.39% and 1.09% respectively. The optimum combination of (I), (Ton) and (V) for maximizing MRR is found as 12A, 60 �s and 3V respectively. The results obtained by this research will be useful for various industries and researchers working in this field.