Browsing by Author "Singh, Ashok Kumar"
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ThesisItem Open Access Combining Ability Abalysis for Grain Yield and its Attributing Traits in Barley(JNKVV, Jabalpur, 2011) Chouhan, Venuka Singh; Singh, Ashok KumarThesisItem Open Access Genetic Analysis for Grain Yield and Its Components in Hulled Bareley (Hordeum Vulgare L.)(jnkvv, jabalpur, 2013) Singh, Durga; Singh, Ashok KumarThesisItem Open Access GROWTH RESPONSES OF A FEW FOREST TREE SPECIES UNDER ELEVATED RELATIVE HUMIDITY AND CARBON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATIONS(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 1998) Singh, Ashok Kumar; Prasad, T GABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLEThesisItem Open Access INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT IN AEROBIC RICE(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2022) Kerketta, Ragini; Singh, Ashok KumarRice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important and extensively grown cereal crop in tropical and subtropical regions of the world being the staple food crop for more than 70% of the world population. India has the largest area under rice cultivation in the world and is the second largest producer of rice after China, contributing about 20% of the world rice production. To sustain present food self-sufficiency and to meet future food requirements, there is a need to increase rice productivity by 3 per cent per annum. Nowadays, the use of herbicides is gaining popularity in rice fields due to their rapid effects and the lower costs compared with the traditional methods. But continuous use of herbicides alone at higher dose may lead to the problems of residual toxicity, besides causing a shift in weed flora. Dependence on manual weed control alone is time consuming and costly. Hence, integrated weed management practices offers most practical and cost effective means of reducing weed competition in aerobic rice. Aerobic rice production system is gaining importance for increased productivity and reduced water usage and is expected to occupy 10-15 per cent of the total area in India. The major constrain to get higher yield in aerobic rice is weed infestation which cause around 80-90 per cent reduction in grain yield. Weeds that grow with the crop deplete considerable amount of costly and native plant nutrients, which results in lower crop yields. Effective control of weeds is therefore important to increase the aerobic rice productivity. Now, it is the need of hour to find out suitable weed management practice for effective weed control in aerobic rice for increasing crop yield and water use efficiency and to make aerobic rice cultivation more viable. Keeping these points in view an experiment on “Integrated Weed Management in aerobic rice” was conducted at Rice Research Farm of Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, during Kharif-2020 with the objectives to study the effect of integrated weed management on growth, yield, weed dynamics, nutrient uptake by crops and economics of aerobic rice. The experiment was laid out in randomised block design (RBD) replicated thrice with variety IR64 drt1. The treatments comprised of nine different weed management practices viz., Mulching with crop residue@ 5.0 ton/ha.at the time of sowing in between rice rows (T1); Mulching with crop residue@ 5.0 ton/ha.at the time of sowing in between rice rows fb postemergence application of Bispyribac Sodium@25gai/ha (T2); Mechanical weeding at 30 and 60 DAS(T3); Pre emergence application of Pertilachlor@0.75kgai/ha fb post emergence application of Bispyribac Sodium@25g ai./ha.(T4);Mechanical weeding at 15 DAS fb. application of Bispyribac Sodium@25g a.i./ha at 25 DAS (T5); Pre emergence application of Pretilachlor@0.75kg a.i/ha fb mechanical weeding at 30DAS(T6); Rice+ Sesbania {Sesbania was uprooted at 25 DAS and placed in between rice rows.}(T7); Weedy check(W8); Weed free check(W9).The soil was clay loam in texture and slightly acidic (6.1) in reaction, medium in organic carbon (4.3 g/kg soil) and available nitrogen (225.00 kg/ha), phosphorous (36.6 kg/ha) and potassium (161.80 kg/ha). The recommended fertiliser dose was 80:40:20 Kg NPK/ha. Results revealed that growth parameters i.e. Plant height (96.8cm.), total tillers 280.0/m2 at maturity, leaf area index (3.78) and dry matter accumulation at 60DAS (526.50g/m2) was maximum with the treatment Rice+ Sesbania, Yield attributing characters i.e. Panicles/m2 (276), number of fertile grains/panicle (112) and 1000 grain weight (24.41g) was also recorded maximum in the treatment Rice+ Sesbania. Grain yield and straw yield also followed the similar trend as yield attributing characters. Rice + Sesbania recorded maximum grain yield (50.1 q/ha) and straw yield (78.52 q/ha) which were comparable with Mulching with crop residue@ 5.0 ton/ha.at the time of sowing in between rice rows fb post emergence application of Bispyribac Sodium@25g a.i./ha. (45.2q/ha), Pre emergence application of Pertilachlor@0.75kg ai/ha fb post emergence application of Bispyribac Sodium@25g ai./ha.(48.7q/ha) and Weed free check (49.7q/ha). The total weed population at 30DAS was minimum in Rice + sesbania (19.30/ m2) which have significantly less number of weeds per unit area than rest of the treatment except weed free check. At 60 DAS, the minimum weeds per unit area was recorded with weed free check (26.20/ m2) and was comparable with Rice + sesbania. The dry matter of weeds at 60 DAS were also minimum with the treatment Rice + Sesbania (36.59 g/m2) and weed free check (36.36 g/m2). These two treatments recorded significantly lower dry matter of weeds than rest of the treatments. The maximum weed control efficiency at 60 DAS was recorded with weed free check (83.43) followed by Rice + Sesbania (83.32), Pre emergence application of Pretilachlor@0.75kg ai/ha fb. post emergence application of Bispyribac Sodium@25g ai./ha (72.21) and Mulching with crop residue@ 5.0 ton/ha.at the time of sowing in between rice rows fb. post emergence application of Bispyribac Sodium@25g a.i./ha. (69.24).The nutrient uptake of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium was recorded maximum in the plots treated with Weed free check (106.81, 42.40 and 110.19 respectively) and Rice + Sesbania (105.73, 37.04 and 110.13 respectively). Among the different integrated weed management practices, rice + Sesbania fetched maximum net profit (Rs.74414/ha) and B:C ratio (2.5) followed by Pre emergence application of Pretilachlor@0.75kgai/ha fb post emergence application of Bispyribac Sodium @ 25g ai./ha. with net profit and B:C ratio of Rs.71968 and 2.5 respectively.ThesisItem Open Access MANAGEMENT OF BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT OF PADDY (ORYZA SATIVA L.) CAUSED BY XANTHOMONAS ORYZAE PV. ORYZAE(Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, 2016) Aryan, Prem Chinabi; Singh, Ashok KumarThe present studies on “Management of bacterial leaf blight of paddy (Oryza sativa L.) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae” were undertaken in order to determine the status of the bacterial leaf blight of paddy in Jammu Division, role of irrigation and drainage in disease development, screening of varieties to identify the resistant source and determination of transplanting date to escape the disease and evaluate different management strategies for disease control. During survey, the disease was noticed in all the surveyed areas viz. Jammu, Samba and Kathua districts of Jammu division, Maximum disease incidence was recorded in Kulian (45.33 per cent) of Jammu district and minimum in Jagatpur (15.21 per cent) of Kathua district. Sixteen germplasm were evaluated under field condition against bacterial leaf blight, out of them PUSA-1121, PR-113, PB-1 and IR-10 were moderately resistant, whereas Basmati -370, RR-8585, PC-19, IET-1410, SJR-5, IARI-1460, Ranbir basmati, Saanwal basmati, Basmati-564, Basmati-385, Ratna were moderately susceptible. However, Jaya was found susceptible.For disease management chemical and antibiotic were sprayed along with manipulation of cultural practices, minimum disease severity of 15.44 per cent was in streptomycin followed by copper oxychloride (20.56 per cent disease severity), in second date of transplanting (15th July) and second irrigation schedule (Water drained out after tillering stage) was found most effective among all the treatments of disease management with maximum 11.33 numbers of tillers per hill, plant height of 123.33 cm, panicle length of 26.43 cm and yield of 39.21 q/ha which was recorded in second date of transplanting (15th July) and second irrigation schedule (water drained out after tillering stage) while the first date of transplanting (5th July) with first irrigation schedule (stagnant water) was least effective treatment among all irrigation schedule and dates of transplanting with 7.33 tillers per hill and plant height 106.00 cm and panicle length 19.33 cm along with 25.20 q/ha yield.ThesisItem Open Access Peoples Participation In Watershed Development Programme In Uttar Pradesh(CSA University of Agriculture and Technology;Kanpur, 2000) Yadav, Rajesh Kumar; Singh, Ashok KumarThesisItem Open Access A performance appraisal of national agriculture market (e-NAM) of Guntur mandi in Andhra Pradesh(DRPCAU, Pusa, 2020) Bandhavya, Mallela; Singh, Ashok KumarThe present study entitled “A performance appraisal of National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) of Guntur mandi in Andhra Pradesh” was undertaken mainly to study the performance of e-NAM. This was descriptive or non-experimental research, and research design adopted for the study was ex-post facto cause to effect. The study covered Guntur mandi of Andhra Pradesh which was purposively selected. The sample size was 100, and the sampling method was disproportionate stratified random sampling method. Primary data was collected from 100 respondents out of which 30 were farmers, 30 traders, 5 FPOs, 25 commission agents, 10 e-NAM officials from the market using a specially designed interview schedule pertaining to the year 2018-19. The socio-economic and personal characteristics of the stakeholders, assessing the performance appraisal of e-NAM, perception of different stakeholders towards the e-NAM goals/objectives, and constraints in the effective performance of e-NAM perceived by different stakeholders were studied through this research efforts. The analysis of the collected data revealed that most of the farmers (70%) belonged to the middle age group between 36 to 50 years with small family sizes (less than 5 members in their family) pursued a secondary/ Intermediate level of education and were not having membership in any social organization (86.6%) in the study area and engaged in crop cultivation alone (66.6%) with large land-holding (66.7%) and had a medium level of annual family income (₹ 327450), medium level of extension contact (76.7%), medium mass media exposure (70%) with medium scientific orientation (76.6%), had availability of transportation (96.6%)and medium use of ICT tools (63.3%). Out of the total 12 variables of farmers, Social participation, occupation, annual family income, scientific orientation were found positively significant at 1% level and landholding found was significantly correlated at 5% level with performance of e-NAM given by farmers. A total of 12 explanatory variables of farmer were considered for regression analysis. Out of these, scientific orientation was positively significant at a 1% level. The variable land-holding is negatively significant at 1% level while social participation and annual family income were found significant at a 5% level. Remaining variables found non-significant. Multiple linear regression analysis portrayed that all the selected variables put together accounted for 79.60% variation in performance of e-NAM. The majority of the traders were middle-aged (53%), with small family sizes, and pursued the Secondary/ Intermediate level of education (53.3%) with medium level annual family income (₹401333.3). The majority of the commission agents was middle-aged (40%), with small family sizes, and had pursued Primary education /Middle school level of education (32%) with medium level annual family income (₹492600). The majority of the e-NAM officials was middle-aged (40%), with small family sizes, and had a graduation level of education (40%) with medium level annual family income (₹130700). The average age of traders was more than commission agents and farmers, whereas the family size of farmers is more than commission agents and traders. Commission agents were having more average annual family income than other stakeholders, traders, farmers, and e-NAM officials. The illiterate percent was more among farmers than traders, commission agents and e-NAM officials. The majority of stakeholders (74%) had given an average level of score to the performance of e-NAM. Out of all sub-indicators of e-NAM, stakeholders gave a major score (88.17) to market information and the lowest score (52.71) to the infrastructure of e-NAM. Farmers gave the lowest mean score for performance than all other stakeholders. The lowest mean score for infrastructure was given by the commission agent, followed by farmers. The lowest mean score for transparency and quality assurance was given by farmers, followed by traders. Whereas, the lowest mean score for market information was given by a commission agent, and followed by farmers. So there is a lot of scope to improve performance of e-NAM. Most of the stakeholders (i.e., Farmers, Traders, Commission agents, FPOs, and e-NAM officials) perceived use of e-NAM as normal (i.e., not difficult or easy) Infrastructure as average, quality parameters as medium level (alright), Facilities are satisfactory, and had neutral perception towards other stakeholders. Most of the farmers had a perception that they had received money within one day after trade and e-NAM as transparent and overall perception of farmers towards e-NAM is satisfactory. Traders are paying money within 15 days after the trade but not within T+1 day, and they perceived e-NAM as not transparent and not satisfactory. According to C.A s farmers are receiving money within one day after trade and C.As are not satisfied with e-NAM; a majority of officials perceived that malpractices are going on in e-NAM, and they are satisfied with e-NAM. Major constraints of e-NAM from different stakeholders were identified and it was found that lack of awareness, depending on commission agent for money, the sale process is lengthy, complicated, and time-consuming were the significant constraints for farmers, payment on the same day is difficult, not satisfying with quality assaying report given by e-NAM, lack of infrastructure were the crucial constraints for traders, lack of infrastructure for FPOs, weighing of produce only after declaring winners list, payment on the same day of the transaction, lengthy process were critical constraints for commission agents, lack of commission agents and traders co-operation to promote e-NAM, no equipment for chemical analysis, and server problem were the major constraint for e-NAM officials.ThesisItem Open Access Simulation Modeling Of Runoff And Soil Loss From Black Soils Of Southern India(Department Of Soil And Water Engineering C.T.E. Udaipur, 2009) Singh, Ashok Kumar; Kothari, MaheshThesisItem Open Access Socio-economic upliftment through Dairy Enterprise: A study of WDCS members of Barauni Dairy in Bihar(DR. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2016) Shweta; Singh, Ashok KumarPeople of rural India face lot of hardship to have a day’s square meal. Majority of them are occupied in agriculture, animal husbandry, and other ancillary activities. Income of agriculture activity has been as erratic as monsoon. Hence, rural people were forced to think of generating additional source of revenue. Since people are less literate and possess limited skills, the hunt for alternate income is constrained to few occupations. Therefore, majority of them chose rearing of milking cattle and selling its milk as a source for second income. Keeping cattle is like a diversification from the existing agriculture in which rural women are largely involved. These rural women besides doing hard household chores also undertake taxing effort to keep the cattle. They supply the produced milk to the well-established cooperative dairies working successfully on the “Anand” pattern. Operation Flood accorded the highest priority to ensuring a year-round and dependable market at remunerative prices for rural producers of milk. Indeed, Operation flood was originally conceived as a marketing project. The producer price of milk in most of Operation Flood areas is determined by the state government concerned and is set at a level that is considered remunerative to the milk producers. The Anand pattern emphasized keeping cattle in the hinterland and transporting cattle as well as fodder to the cities. Thus, the system had strong comparative advantage. The country produces only five percent of the total quantity of milk and this amount is too inadequate to meet the demand. As a result, many dairy cooperatives have been formed to meet local demand and to develop dairy industry. It has been noticed that for small farmers, livestock population is a family operation and most of the livestock management is carried out by women. Operation flood has played an important role in generating employment for women. With 3.5 million milk suppliers, it is reasonable to assume that 5 per cent represented by women who were able to stay at home rather than go out for work. This withdrawal of women from the labour force will have created an additional 1, 75000 labouring jobs, predominantly for the very poor as per the assessment report of the World Bank in 1998. Since, agriculture is considered as the backbone of India’s economy with animal husbandry as the subsidiary occupation hence dairy sector provides primary source of livelihood for more than 70 per cent of Indian rural households. The livestock contributes 4.7 percent to national GDP and 27 per cent to agricultural GDP of India (GoI, 2006). India currently has about 15.1 million farmers under the ambit of 1,55,634 village level dairy cooperative societies which are federated into about 160 milk unions and 22 state dairy cooperatives, dairy federations (GoI, 2014a). Dairy sector has been instrumental in bringing about socio-economic transformation, while the agriculture by products gives feed and fodder whereas cattle provides manure, draught power for various agricultural operations. India rank first among the world’s milk producing nations, achieving an annual output of 132.43 million tonnes of milk during the years 2012-13 as compared to 127.9 million tonnes in 2011-12 recording a growth of 3.5 per cent. The per capita availability of milk has reached a level 296.5 g/day during the year 2012-13, which is more than the world average of 296 g/day. Women’s participation in dairy farming is considered as an important tool in reducing the poverty and enhancing quality of life , because they accounts for 93 per cent of the total employment in dairy production in India (Belurkar et al., 2003). The Bihar State Co-operative Milk Producers’ federation Ltd. (COMFED) was established in 1983 as the implementing agency of operational flood programme of dairy development on “Anand” pattern in Bihar. Dr. Rajendra Prasad Dugdhv Utpadak Sahkari Sangh Limited (DMRU) popularly known as Barauni Dairy is the largest milk union in the Eastern part of India. Sixth May, 1992 was the day when Barauni Dairy was handed over by Bihar State Cooperative Milk producers’ Federation Limited to the management of Milk Union. At present COMFED has approx. 7.5 lakh members through 13,681 Dairy Cooperative Societies (DCS) and out that 1196 are Women Dairy Cooperative Societies (WDCS). Barauni dairy has outreach in all 18 blocks of Begusarai district through its DCS but out of that WDCS is only available in 13 blocks of the district with 12,396 women members. This study of WDCS members of Barauni dairy in Bihar was designed and planned with following objectives. • To assess the socio-economic and personal characteristics of members of WDCS of Barauni Dairy • To ascertain the extent of knowledge and their satisfaction in dairy related activities • To examine the extent of socio-economic upliftment among the members of WDCS on account of dairy enterprise • To ascertain the impact on quality of life through dairy enterprise • To explore the constraints as perceived by the members of WDCS about their dairy enterprise and also suggest the strategies for their greater involvement in dairy enterprise In this study Bachhawara and Bhagwanpur blocks of Begusarai district have been selected on the basis of having maximum number of WDCS. Further, total six WDCS, three from each block, were selected with the help of random sampling procedure. Finally, 35 members from each WDCS comprising a total of 210 members of WDCS of Barauni dairy were taken as the sample of study. During the study independent variables were age, education, type of family, type of house, social participation, caste, occupation, total annual income, land holding, enterprise satisfaction, herd size, fodder availability, method used for judging milk quality, milk production, consumption and sale, length of association with dairy co-operatives, average monthly income from milk, reason for choosing dairy enterprise, and technical training availed for dairying. The socio-economic upliftment and impact on quality of life served as the dependent variables in the course of study. The results demonstrate that the maximum respondents belonged in the group which includes; 45.2 per cent from middle age group, 53.0 per cent were found to be illiterate, 56.2 per cent belonged to extended/joint family, 48.6 per cent had their pucca house, 63.3 per cent belonged to backward castes, 81.0 percent of women members were found to have the popular combination of agriculture operation and livestock while 47.1 per cent of selected respondents belonged to medium group of annual income. In addition approx. 86.0 per cent respondents had less than 1 ha land, 59.0 per cent women members were found to be highly satisfied with dairy enterprise, 74.7 per cent of respondents had up to 2 milch animals in their possession, and farm and cooperative society was the major source of feed and fodder among WDCS members. In the sense of enterprise satisfaction about 59.0 per cent members of different WDCS were found to be highly satisfied with their dairy enterprise and 4.0 per cent were moderately satisfied and 37.0 per cent were somewhat satisfied. The results indicated that dairy enterprise has helped the rural women in reducing the domestic violence and poverty while it brought improvement in their social, recreational, educational and economic well-being and consequently enhanced their quality of life. During the study, social upliftment index was considered as dependent variable where as age, education, type of family, type of house, caste, occupation, income and land under farming possession were taken as independent variable; linear regression between independent variable and social upliftment index of WDCS members revealed that the co-efficient of determinants (R2) is 0.4489, indicating that the adopted model is quite fit for analysis and explains 45 per cent of variations in socio-economic status of members WDCS. The co-efficient of age is negative (-0.0042) but significant at 1 per cent level of probability. Hence, it may be said that younger members of the WDCS command higher level of social order and got more social mobility than older one. Income level and income from dairy were emerged as significant determinants for social upliftment. The co-efficient of income level and income from dairy were found positive and statistically significant at 1 per cent level of probability, indicating that these two variables are affecting significantly to social upliftment of members of WDCS. During the regression analysis co-efficient of caste was fond negative (-0.0604) but it is significant at 5 per cent level of probability, indicating the higher caste in social hierarchy command higher social upliftment among members of WDCS. Co-efficient of occupation is positive (0.0549) and significant at 10 per cent level of probability, indicating that women members with agriculture as main occupation command higher social status than members with occupation as labour, artisan etc. The variables such as; education level, type of house, land possession and type of family were failed to exert any significant influence on social upliftment parameters of women members of WDCS. For economic upliftment among WDCS members; a linear regression model was adopted for identifying important socio-economic variable which affect the upliftment of income among women members. For this purpose, economic index was taken as dependent variable and age, education, type of family, type of house, caste, occupation and income level and land ownership was again considered as independent variables. Co-efficient of determinants had the value of R2= 0.4355, indicating that 45 per cent of variation in income index was explained by variable included in the study. It was expected also because in qualitative variable, the R2does not cross more than .50 hence the model is quite fit to our study. The co-efficient of age is negative (-0.0033) but significant at 1 per cent level of probability which clearly indicated that the income level of women was inversely related to age of women. The younger women were likely to command higher economic status than aged women. Dairying women earning higher income than non-dairy source. Impact on quality of life have independent variables like age, education, type of family occupation, land ownership status and number of dairy animals owned. The findings through ordered logistic regression suggested that variable like education, type of family and occupation were emerged as significant and positive variables affecting the quality of life among the members of WDCS. Highly educated women of joint family with agriculture and dairy as main occupation were likely to had better quality of life as compared to low educated and nuclear family members of WDCS. However, the co-efficient of ownership of number of dairy animals and land possession status were found negative and non-significant. From the study, it can be concluded that farm women have understood the importance of dairy farming as means of socio-economic upliftment with regards to knowledge level it clearly indicated that there is need to motivate dairy farm women to have better acquaintance with dairy farming practices in their own interest. Thus, proper functioning of micro enterprises develops capacity as well as empowered women to improve their socio-economic status.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on certain seminal attributes and effect of dilutors on cryopreservation of Hariana Bull semen(College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P.Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura 281001, 2012-06-23) Singh, Ashok Kumar; Saxena, AtulThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT IN SUMMER RICE UNDER DIFFERENT PLANT DENSITIES(DRPCAU, Pusa, 1996) Singh, Ashok Kumar; Choudhary, S.K.ThesisItem Open Access Study on coconut production technology among the growers of east Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh(Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, 2019) Sudhamini, Yedida; Singh, Ashok KumarThe coconut palm which is commonly recognized as KALPAVRISHA, botanically known as “Cocus nucifera” is economically very important horticultural plantation crop as it provides a variety of products like copra, tender nuts, coconut water, coir, shell-based products, fuel, toddy, coconut leaf for roofing and thatching purposes in rural areas. Globally India ranks third in the area of coconut after Indonesia and Philippines and first in production and productivity. In India more than 90% of the total coconut production is from four major coconut growing southern states i.e., Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. Andhra Pradesh occupies fourth place in area and production but supersedes the top three states in productivity. Among the major coconut growing districts in Andhra Pradesh, East Godavari district stands first in area and production. Coconut is an important cash crop as well as crucial in shaping the social livelihood of people of East Godavari district. The present study entitled “A study on coconut production technology among the growers of East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh” elucidates the extent of knowledge of coconut growers and paves the way to access the adoption of recommended coconut practices. Post-graduate degree Programme : M.Sc. (Ag.) Department : Extension Education Name of the Student : YEDIDA SUDHAMINI Major Subject : Extension Education Minor Subject : Agronomy Major Advisor : DR. ASHOK KUMAR SINGH Registration No. : M/EE/185/2017-2018 Title of the research problem : A STUDY ON COCONUT PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY AMONG THE GROWERS OF EAST GODAVARI DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH Year of submission : 2019 Total pages in the thesis : 106+i-xiii(Bibliography) An ex-post facto design was adopted for the study. Ainivilli and I.Polavaram mandals from East Godavari district were purposively selected and four villages namely Chintana Lanka, Madupalle, Yedurulanka, Pasuvullanka were identified for the study. A total of 100 respondents, 25 respondents from each village constituted the sample. The socio-personal and economic characteristics of the coconut growers, their extent of knowledge and adoption regarding production practices of coconut, perceived constraints in adoption and suitable strategies suggested by them were studied through this research efforts. The analysis of the collected data revealed that majority of the coconut growers were middle aged (45%), belonged to general category (46%), having agriculture alone as their main occupation (46%), pursued primary to middle school level of education (29%) and high school to intermediate level (28%) and were medium farmers (39%), having medium area under coconut (43%) and medium levels of scientific orientation (69%), economic orientation (59%), management orientation (65%), extension contacts (68%) and communication behaviour (67%). It also depicted that majority of the selected respondents possessed medium level of knowledge (70%) and medium level of adoption (69%). It further exposed that higher levels of knowledge and adoption were observed pertaining to practices like cropping system and intercultural operations. Multiple linear regression analysis portrayed that all the selected variables put together accounted for 70.60% variation in extent of knowledge and 69.20% variation in extent of adoption. The study depicted that labour and marketing constraints were perceived as major constraints. It also emphasized that the scarcity of labour during peak period, high cost of the labour and middle-men exploitation were more other important constraints. During the study, majority of the respondents suggested the strategies like direct marketing (71%), labour availability (67%), better transport facilities (63%), mechanization (58%), better remunerative prices (51%), providing financial subsidies (49%), promoting extension activities (47%), providing processing and storage facilities (43%) for enhancing coconut production.ThesisItem Open Access A study on effects of frontline demonstration on Kharif pulses(DRPCAU, Pusa, 1993) Singh, Ashok Kumar; Roy, N.K.ThesisItem Open Access Varietal preference and farmers’ perception towards Rice-Wheat cropping system: a study in Rohtas district of Bihar(DRPCAU, Pusa, 2020) Kumari, Sonali; Singh, Ashok KumarThe study entitled “Varietal Preference and Farmers’ Perception towards Rice-Wheat Cropping System: A Study in Rohtas District of Bihar” was carried out with the specific objectives to assess the socio-economic and demographical characteristics, the varietal preference towards rice and wheat and farmers’ perception towards rice-wheat cropping system. An attempt was also made to find out the constraints in adoption of improved varieties of rice and wheat. There are 38 districts in Bihar. Out of 38 districts, Rohtas was selected purposively. Further, two blocks namely Nokha and Bikramganj were selected randomly from the district. Again, two villages from each block were chosen following the random sampling technique.10 marginal, 10 small, 10 medium and 10 large farmers randomly selected from each of the four selected villages constituting a sample of total 160 respondents for the study purposes. Interview technique was used for the collection of data with the help of a structured interview schedule. The collected data were analyzed with the help of frequency distribution, mean, standard deviation, multinomial logit model and regression analysis. The study revealed that majority of respondents were old aged (59.37%), pursued higher secondary education (37.50%), followed by graduate and above (29.37%), having a joint family (63.75%), farm size constituted (25%) from each category i.e. marginal, small, medium and large farm size, having a medium area under rice and wheat (48.75%) and also having medium (62.50%) experience in farming, having farming alone (51.25%) as their main occupation and belonged to medium annual income (51.87%).In case of social participation majority was a member of one organization i.e. PACS while in social participation having high (42.50%) followed by medium (40%) and having medium (55%) level of economic motivation. In the study area during the field visit, it was found that type of land of the selected villages was found in midland only there was no demarcation of upland and lowland. The topography of each selected block is similar i.e. height, the direction of slope, steepness of the slope. The study shows that regarding variety preference in rice Nata Mahsuri (41.25%) was the most preferred variety, followed by Samba Mahsuri (23.75%), and followed by Rajendra Sweta (18.12%) less preferred variety and lastly Katarni (16.88%) respectively. In case of wheat variety preference HD-2967(32.50%) most preferred variety followed by Malwi (30.63%), followed by Sonalika (21.87%) and lastly HI-1563 (15%) as least preferred variety respectively. The finding indicated that in the case of rice variety preference it can be concluded that sowing time is negatively significant which indicated that farmers were preferred early sowing variety. It also showed that farmers were preferring variety having high yield and they considered it as an important criterion in the selection of variety. At the same time, it also revealed that that farmer having a large area under rice they were not more conscious about the improved variety of rice for cultivation and farmers having less area under rice they mainly focus on improving the variety of rice so that they can get maximum yield and profit. In case of wheat, it was found that time of sowing is negatively significant which shows that farmers were preferred sowing of wheat on time rather than late sowing and yield is positively significant revealed that farmers were preferred variety having high yield and they considered it as an important criterion in the selection of variety. The result revealed that regarding perception most of the respondents i.e. near to half about 49.37% had favourable level of perception followed by the rest with least favourable level of perception 31.87% and 18.75% having most favourable level of perception towards rice-wheat cropping system. The finding indicated that in case of perception farm size is positively significant whereas; occupation is negatively significant it can be comprehend as if a farmer is involved in agriculture alone then he will be more concentrated towards it and annual income is positively significant with regard to annual income, it can be inferred that farmers having more money can invest more. The main constraints faced by respondents in the adoption of improving varieties is doubt regarding variety whether it would suit their agro-climatic condition or not were important. This constraint is followed by non-availability of agricultural literature related to a variety The study suggests that there is a need to provide information about new technology provided in time, agriculture literature in a local language, training/demonstration should be organized properly and improved seeds should be provided in time and sufficient quantity.