Browsing by Author "Sarawagi, A.K."
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ThesisItem Open Access “ANALYSIS OF GENETIC VARIABILITY FOR YIELD AND QUALITY CHARACTERS IN AROMATIC ADVANCED BREEDING LINES OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.)”(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2011) Kanwer, Sujeet Singh; Sarawagi, A.K.; Sharma, Deepak; Verma, Ravindra; Pandey, N.; Saxena, Ravi R.The experiment was conducted at Research Farm, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.) during kharif 2010 to assess the agromorphological characterization, genetic variability, association analysis and genetic divergence among the ninety eight aromatic advanced breeding lines of rice along with popular standard checks namely Indira Sugandhit Dhan-1, Pusa Basmati-1, Badsha bhog, Dubraj, Chinnor, Mahisugandha and Kalanamak. The mean sum of squares due to the genotypes were highly significant for all the characters studied namely, Days to 50 percent flowering, Plant height, Panicle length, Total tillers per plant, Effective tillers per plant, Filled spikelets per panicle, Unfilled spikelets per panicle, Total spikelet’s per panicle, Paddy length, 100 seed weight, Grain yield per plant, Paddy breadth, Spikelet sterility percentage, Paddy L/B ratio, Hulling %, Brown Rice Length, Brown Rice breadth, Brown Rice L/B ratio, Milling %, Kernel length, Kernel breadth, Kernel L/B ratio, Elongation Index, Kernel breadth after cooking, Cooked Kernel L/B ratio, Elongation ratio and Kernel length after cooking. The high estimate of phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation was observed from Unfilled spikelets per panicle, Filled spikelets per panicle, Total spikelets per panicle, Spikelet sterility percentage, and Grain yield per plant and Brown rice breadth. High heritability with high genetic advance was found for number of Total spikelets per panicle and Filled spikelets per panicle. Grain yield per plant was positively and significantly associated with 100 seed weight, Total effective tillers per plant, Filled spikelets per panicle and Total spikelets per panicle. The path analysis revealed that Panicle length, Effective tillers per plant, Filled spikelets per panicle, Spikelet sterility percentage and 100 seed weight had high and positive direct effect on Grain yield per plant. Based on cluster analysis breeding lines were grouped into 8 clusters. The highest numbers of breeding line were in cluster III, II and VI. The maximum intra cluster distance was shown by cluster VIII and maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster IV and cluster VII. In the study of quality traits it was found that most of genotypes showed high hulling percentage and milling percentage. High variation for characters viz., Kernel length after cooking (KLAC), Length: Breadth ratio of cooked rice, Elongation ratio and Elongation index was also recorded. Based on aroma, the genotypes were classified into highly scented, mild scented and non scented groups. Gelatinization temperature was scored into three grades in terms of Alkali spreading value.ThesisItem Open Access “ANALYSIS OF GENETIC VARIATION FOR DIFFERENT MORPHOLOGICAL, SEED YIELD AND NUTRITIONAL TRAITS IN COLOURED PERICARPED GERMPLASM OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.)”(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2008) Namdeo, Ku. Nisha; Pandey, R.L.; Sarawagi, A.K.; Sahu, G.R.; Shrivastava, G.K.; Saxena, Ravi R.The experiment was conducted at Instructional cum Research Farm, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, during Kharif 2007 to assess the variation for different morphological, seed yield and nutritional traits in 200 coloured pericarped germplasm of rice including 5 varieties namely Poornima, Danteshwari, Samleshwari, Chandrahasini and Mahamaya. Morphological characterization revealed that more than 98 per cent germplasm was having the anthocyanin pigmentation on any plant part under observation. Similarly, majority of the genotypes had semi-erect plant habit and erect leaves. More than 51 per cent genotypes are having slender grain type while, others were having medium grains. The analysis of variance for metric traits indicated that the mean sum of squares due to blocks were non significant for all the traits except grain length. The mean sum of squares due to checks were significant for panicle length, leaf length, days to 50% flowering, hundred seed weight, grain length, grain breadth, length:breadth ratio of grain and total number of grains per panicle. The high magnitude of coefficient of variation was noted for number of unfilled spikelets, number of filled spikelets, number of total grains per panicle and seed yield per plant showing existence of wider variability for these traits, which could be exploited in future breeding programme. The simple correlation and path analysis carried out for thirteen yield attributing characters indicated that plant height, panicle length, leaf length, days to 50% flowering, number of filled grains per panicle, total grains per panicle and effective tillers per plant showed high positive and significant correlation with seed yield per plant. High direct positive contribution on seed yield was shown by number of effective tillers per plant, days to 50% flowering, number of filled grains per panicle, length:breadth ratio of grain, hundred seed weight and total grains per panicle. Nutritional analysis revealed that there is no effect of pigmentation on the concentration of iron and zinc. However, there are genotypic differences for these micronutrients. The highest concentration of iron was found in genotype Lankeshwari. Similarly, zinc concentration was highest in white pericarped rice variety Poornima. The genotypes having higher concentration of iron (Lankeshwari) and zinc (Poornima) can be used in nutritional rice breeding programme.ThesisItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF TPS POPULATIONS AS TRANSPLANTS IN THE FIELD (Solanum tuberosum L.)(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 1998) Verma, Vidya; Sarnaik, D.A.; Sarawagi, A.K.; Katiyar, Pratibha; Rai, A.L.ASSESSMENT OF TPS POPULATIONS AS TRANSPLANTS IN THE FIELD (Solanum tuberosum L.)ThesisItem Open Access BROWN PLANTHOPPER,Nilaparvata lugens (Stal.) DONORS VALIDATION TEST ON EVALUATED RICE GENOTYPES(2013) Verma, Serven Kumar; Rana, D.K.; Shrivastava, Shiv K.; Dubey, V.K.; Sarawagi, A.K.; Saxena, R.R.ThesisItem Open Access “ Combining ability analysis for yield and yield component traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)”(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2013) Minz, Madhuri Grace; Sharma, Deepak; Sarawagi, A.K.; Guhey, Arti; Bhandarkar, Sandeep; Shukla, SindhuThesisItem Open Access “COMBINING ABILITY AND GENE ACTION FOR YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)”(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2009) Dhanwani, Rakesh Kumar; Sarawagi, A.K.; Sharma, Deepak; Pandey, N.; Saxena, R.R.; Verulkar, S.B.A study entiltled “Combining ability and gene action for yield and quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)”was conducted at Research Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C. G.) and at R.M.D., College of Agriculture and Research Station, Ambikapur, to determine the extent of variability, to access the GCA effects of parents and SCA effects of crosses; to identify the potential parents and crosses, to study the type of gene action involved for yield and quality traits, to study the correlations and path coefficient among important traits and to determine the resistant reaction of some of the parent and their F1 for blast disease. The experimental material consists of four lines viz. R 1519-781-5-598-1, R 1540-1888-1278-1, R 1558-2423-3-1445-1, R 1529-1183-1-1041-1 and six testers viz., B 6441-FMR-6-0-0, IR 42221-145-2-3-2, BR 240, IRBL 10, Swarna and Cheptigurmatia and resulting twenty four hybrids were produced in line x tester pattern. The parents and hybrids were raised in a Complete Randomized Block Design with two replications during kharif 2008. Observations were recorded for the different 32 quantitative and quality characters viz. days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, tiller number per plant, effective tiller number per plant, flag leaf area, panicle length, filled grains per panicle, unfilled grains per panicle, spikelet sterility percentage, seed index, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant, harvest index, paddy length, paddy breadth, paddy L/B ratio, brown rice length, brown rice breadth, brown rice L/B ratio, kernel length, kernel breadth, kernel L/B ratio, kernel length after cooking, kernel breadth after cooking, kernel L/B ratio after cooking, hulling percentage, milling percentage, head rice recovery, elongation, water uptake, alkali spreading value and water uptake. The mean performance of different quantitative and quality characters is workout. The phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher in magnitude than that of genotypic coefficient of variation for all the characters studied. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for the quality characters viz. alkali spreading value, gel consistency, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant, unfilled grains per panicle, filled grains per panicle, water uptake and spikelet sterility percentage. In general heritability estimates were recorded high for all the characters under study. In the present study the characters which showed high heritability associated with high genetic advance are alkali spreading value, gel consistency, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant, filled grains per panicle and unfilled grains per panicle. Analysis of variance revealed that variance due to the line x tester was significant for all the characters. This suggested that sufficient variability is present in materials used for present study. Combining ability analysis was carried out following line x tester analysis. The analysis revealed the predominance of non-additive gene action for the thirty two characters under study. This suggests the possibility of exploiting heterosis in the materials. Among the female parents R 1540-1888-1278-1 and R 1529-1183-1-1041-1 were found as good general combiner for yield and quality traits respectively. Among the testers Cheptigurmatia, B6441-FMR-6-0-0 and IR 42221-145-2-3-2 and BR 240 were found good general combiners for yield and quality traits respectively. Hybrids R 1558-2423-3-1445-1/Cheptigurmatia and R 1540-1888-1278-1 /Swarna were best specific combiner for grain yield and its related characters, while R 1558-2423-3-1445-1/ B 6441-FMR-6-0-0 and R 1540-1888-1278-1/Swarna for kernel dimensions; R 1558-2423-3-1445-1/ Cheptigurmatia for hulling, milling and head rice recovery; R 1540-1888-1278-1/ B 6441-FMR-6-0-0 for water uptake, R 1540-18881278-1/IRBL 10 for alkali spreading value and R 1558-2423-3-1445-1/BR 240 for gel consistency were found best specific combiners. . In correlation studies, grain yield per plant was highly positively correlated with the flag leaf area, panicle length, filled grains per panicle, hundred seed weight and kernel length after cooking at both genotypic and phenotypic level while with days to 50% flowering, spikelet sterility percentage, alkali spreading value and gel consistency, it was negatively correlated at genotypic level. Based on path analysis of important characters, positive direct effects on grain yield revealed that panicle length, effective tiller number per plant, kernel length after cooking and filled grain per panicle were most important contributing characters towards the yield.ThesisItem Open Access “COMBINING ABILITY AND GENE ACTION FOR YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)”(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2009) Dhanwani, Rakesh Kumar; Sarawagi, A.K.; Sharma, Deepak; Pandey, N.; Saxena, R.R.; Verulkar, S.B.A study entiltled “Combining ability and gene action for yield and quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)”was conducted at Research Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C. G.) and at R.M.D., College of Agriculture and Research Station, Ambikapur, to determine the extent of variability, to access the GCA effects of parents and SCA effects of crosses; to identify the potential parents and crosses, to study the type of gene action involved for yield and quality traits, to study the correlations and path coefficient among important traits and to determine the resistant reaction of some of the parent and their F1 for blast disease. The experimental material consists of four lines viz. R 1519-781-5-598-1, R 1540-1888-1278-1, R 1558-2423-3-1445-1, R 1529-1183-1-1041-1 and six testers viz., B 6441-FMR-6-0-0, IR 42221-145-2-3-2, BR 240, IRBL 10, Swarna and Cheptigurmatia and resulting twenty four hybrids were produced in line x tester pattern. The parents and hybrids were raised in a Complete Randomized Block Design with two replications during kharif 2008. Observations were recorded for the different 32 quantitative and quality characters viz. days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, tiller number per plant, effective tiller number per plant, flag leaf area, panicle length, filled grains per panicle, unfilled grains per panicle, spikelet sterility percentage, seed index, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant, harvest index, paddy length, paddy breadth, paddy L/B ratio, brown rice length, brown rice breadth, brown rice L/B ratio, kernel length, kernel breadth, kernel L/B ratio, kernel length after cooking, kernel breadth after cooking, kernel L/B ratio after cooking, hulling percentage, milling percentage, head rice recovery, elongation, water uptake, alkali spreading value and water uptake. The mean performance of different quantitative and quality characters is workout. The phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher in magnitude than that of genotypic coefficient of variation for all the characters studied. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for the quality characters viz. alkali spreading value, gel consistency, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant, unfilled grains per panicle, filled grains per panicle, water uptake and spikelet sterility percentage. In general heritability estimates were recorded high for all the characters under study. In the present study the characters which showed high heritability associated with high genetic advance are alkali spreading value, gel consistency, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant, filled grains per panicle and unfilled grains per panicle. Analysis of variance revealed that variance due to the line x tester was significant for all the characters. This suggested that sufficient variability is present in materials used for present study. Combining ability analysis was carried out following line x tester analysis. The analysis revealed the predominance of non-additive gene action for the thirty two characters under study. This suggests the possibility of exploiting heterosis in the materials. Among the female parents R 1540-1888-1278-1 and R 1529-1183-1-1041-1 were found as good general combiner for yield and quality traits respectively. Among the testers Cheptigurmatia, B6441-FMR-6-0-0 and IR 42221-145-2-3-2 and BR 240 were found good general combiners for yield and quality traits respectively. Hybrids R 1558-2423-3-1445-1/Cheptigurmatia and R 1540-1888-1278-1 /Swarna were best specific combiner for grain yield and its related characters, while R 1558-2423-3-1445-1/ B 6441-FMR-6-0-0 and R 1540-1888-1278-1/Swarna for kernel dimensions; R 1558-2423-3-1445-1/ Cheptigurmatia for hulling, milling and head rice recovery; R 1540-1888-1278-1/ B 6441-FMR-6-0-0 for water uptake, R 1540-18881278-1/IRBL 10 for alkali spreading value and R 1558-2423-3-1445-1/BR 240 for gel consistency were found best specific combiners. . In correlation studies, grain yield per plant was highly positively correlated with the flag leaf area, panicle length, filled grains per panicle, hundred seed weight and kernel length after cooking at both genotypic and phenotypic level while with days to 50% flowering, spikelet sterility percentage, alkali spreading value and gel consistency, it was negatively correlated at genotypic level. Based on path analysis of important characters, positive direct effects on grain yield revealed that panicle length, effective tiller number per plant, kernel length after cooking and filled grain per panicle were most important contributing characters towards the yield.ThesisItem Open Access “COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS ANALYSIS FOR IDENTIFYING ELITE PARENTS AND HYBRIDS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)”(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2010) Toppo, Ranjeeta; Sharma, Deepak; Sarawagi, A.K.; Guhe, Arti; Saxena, Ravi R.A study entitled “Combining ability and heterosis analysis for identifying elite parents and hybrids in rice (Oryza sativa L.)” was conducted at Research Farm, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur Chhattisgarh during Rabi season 2008-2009 and Kharif 2009 to evaluate the variability, to estimate the GCA of parents and SCA of hybrids, to assess the magnitude of heterosis for various yield and related traits and to identify the maintainers and restorers for CMS lines under study. The experimental material includes three CMS lines viz., IR 58025A, CRMS 31A and CRMS 32A and five parents viz., IR 68544-29-2-1-3-1-2, NDR 2067, R 1454-80-49-5-1, Jauphool (Selection) and MTU 1010 as testers and fifteen hybrids were generated in line x tester pattern for the estimation of various genetic parameters, combining ability and two types of heterosis. These hybrids and parents were raised in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two replications. The data obtained was subjected to line x tester analysis. Combining ability analysis and heterosis was worked out for characters, days to 50% flowering, plant height, productive tillers per plant, panicle length, pollen fertility (%), spikelet fertility (%), total number of spikelets per plant, thousand grain weight and grain yield per plant. The analysis of variance revealed the predominance of non-additive gene action for the all characters under study, which suggested that it is possible to exploit heterosis from the material used. Among the CMS lines studied, it was revealed that only one line IR 58025A was found to be the good general combiner and among testers R 1454-80-49-5-1, NDR 2067 and IR 68544-29-2-1-3-1-2 were found to be superior general combiners for yield and attributing characters. The hybrids IR 58025A/R 1454-80-49-5-1, CRMS 32A/MTU 1010 and CRMS 32A/Jauphool (Selection) were identified as a good combinations on the bases of SCA effects, per se performance and high GCA or low GCA effects of the parents for grain yield per plant and its attributes under study. Crosses IR 58025A/R 1454-80-49-5-1, CRMS 31A/MTU 1010 and CRMS 32A/MTU 1010 were identified as good heterotic hybrids for grain yield per plant and other associated traits. These promising hybrids offer greater scope for further exploitation of hybrid vigour commercially. Based on the pollen fertility percent and spikelet fertility percent, three genotypes were identified as potential restorers. Among which two genotypes viz., Jauphool (Selection) and MTU 1010 were identified as potential restorers for one line (CRMS 32A). Where as Jauphool (Selection) is potential restorer for CRMS 31A. The frequency of partial maintainers was higher than restorers.ThesisItem Open Access COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS STUDIES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY MATURING RICE HYBRIDS(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2002) Choudhari, Nitin Premnarayan; Sharma, Deepak; Sarawagi, A.K.; Saxena, R.R.; Guhe, ArtiA study was conducted at Research Farm, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur (Chhattisgarh), to access the variability and the GCA of parents and SCA of hybrids for yield and related characters, to evaluate the magnitude of heterosis for various traits studies, to identify the maintainers and restorers for CMS lines under study. The experimental material for the present study consisted of three CMS line, viz. IR 58025A, IR 68886A and IR 68888A and thirteen early maturing testers, viz. IR 36, IR 64, Danteshwari, Poornima, Nidhi, Vandana, Annada, Aditya, Dipti, Ratna, Rl 102-2795-3-1, R 1037-649 and CRMR 1523. Thirty nine hybrids were generated by crossing the CMS lines with testers. Thirty nine hybrids and sixteen parents were raised in a Randomised Complete Block Design (RED) with two replications. The data obtained was subjected to line x tester analysis. Combining ability analysis and heterosis was worked out for characters days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, effective tillers per plant, number of filled grains per panicle, pollen fertility percentage, 1000 grain weight, spikelet fertility percentage, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant and harvest index. The analysis of variance revealed the predominance of non-additive gene action for all the characters except days to 50 per cent flowering and number of filled grains per panicle, which suggested that it is possible to exploit heterosis from the present material. Among the CMS line studied, IR 5 8025A was good general combiner for biological yield per plant and IR 68886A was good general combiners for plant height and 1000 grain weight, whereas IR 68888A was best general combiner for days to 50 per cent flowering, effective tiller per plant, number of filled grains per panicle, spikelet fertility percentage pollen fertility percentage, grain yield per plant and harvest index. Testers Danteshwari and R 1102-2795-3-1 were good general combiner for number of filled grains per panicle, spikelet fertility percentage, pollen fertility percentage, biological yield, grain yield and harvest index. The strain Vandana was good general combiner for days to 50 per cent flowering, Annada for plant height, whereas Aditya for 1000 grain weight. The hybrids IR 58025 A/Danteshwari, IR 68888A/Danteshwari and IR 68888A/R 1102-2795-3-1 were best specific combiner for grain yield. These hybrids also exhibited high magnitude of relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis (over IR 64) for grain yield. These hybrids offers greater scope for exploitation of hybrid vigour at commercial level. Based on pollen and spikelet fertility, Annada was found effective maintainer for CMS lines IR 58025A and IR 68886A but partial restorer for IR 68888A. Tester Danteshwari and Rl 102-2795-3-1 were found effective restorers for IR 58025 A whereas, testers Danteshwari, Nidhi and Poornima were found effective restorers for CMS line IR 68888A. The frequency of partial restorers was high.ThesisItem Open Access “COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS STUDIES FOR GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)”(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2008) Jayasudha; Sharma, Deepak; Sarawagi, A.K.; Guhe, ArtiA study entitled “Combining ability and heterosis studies for grain yield and its components in rice (Oryza sativa L)” was conducted during kharif 2006, on Research Farm, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh to asses the variability, for various yield and related traits, to identify the maintainers and restorers for CMS lines under study and to estimate the GCA of parents and SCA of hybrids, to assess the magnitude of heterosis. The experimental material included 3 CMS lines viz., CRMS 31A,CRMS 32A and IR 58025A and eleven testers viz., WAR 120-1-5-6-2B-B-3, RPHR 203-3, R 1130-102-3-88-1, IR 68830-NDR-1-1, CR 780-1937, R 1241-1856-1-1, R 304-34,R 1216-6, Chinikapoor, OR1898-18RAU 729-12-44 and WAR 89-4-A9-1-B-B-B-2 and thirty three hybrids generated in line x tester pattern. These hybrids and parents were raised in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two replications. The data obtained were subjected to line x tester analysis. Combining ability analysis and heterosis was worked out for characters days to 50% flowering, plant height, tillers per plant, productive tillers per plant, panicle length, flag leaf angle, second leaf angle, third leaf angle, leaf area, pollen fertility (%), spikelet fertility (%), harvest index and seed yield per plant. The analysis of variance revealed the predominance of non-additive gene action for the all characters under study, which suggested possibility of utilizing them to develop commercial hybrids. Among the CMS lines studied, only one line, IR 58025A was found to be the good general combiner and among testers RPHR 203-3 and OR 1898-18RAU 729-12-44 were found to be superior general combiners for yield and attributing characters. The hybrids IR 58025A/OR 1898-18RAU 729-12-44 followed by CRMS 31A/IR 68830-NDR-1-1, IR 58025A/ R 304-34, CRMS 32A/R 1130-102-3-88-1 and CRMS 31A/RPHR 203-3 were identified as a good combinations on the bases of SCA effects for yield and several attributes under study. Four hybrids viz., IR 58025A/OR 1898-18RAU 729-12-44, IR 58025A/R 304-34, CRMS 31A/RPHR 203-3 and IR 58025A/ Chinikapoor, were recorded to have significant heterosis for yield and attributing characters for two levels of heterosis. These F1s were derived from parents having high, average and low GCA effects. These promising hybrids offer greater scope for further exploitation of hybrid vigour commercially. Based on the pollen fertility (%) and spikelet fertility (%), ten genotypes were identified as potential restorers. Among these two genotypes viz., RPHR 2033 and R 1216-6 have been identified as potential restorers for all three lines (CRMS 31A, CRMS 32A and IR 58025A). Among remaining, WAR 120-1-5-6-2B-B-3, CR 780-1937 and Chinikapoor were considered as potential restorers for CRMS 31A and IR 58025A. IR 68830-NDR-1-1 for CRMS 32A and R 1130-1023-88-1, OR 1898-18RAU 729-12-44 and WAR 89-4-A9-1-B-B-B-2 found to be good restorers for CRMS 32A. The study also concluded that the frequency of potential restorers is much higher than the maintainers in the material under study.ThesisItem Open Access DIVERSITY ANALYSIS IN INDIGENOUS LANDRACES OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.)(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2016) Kumar, Roshan; Bhandarkar, Sandeep; Sarawagi, A.K.; Sonboir, H.L.; Sharma, Deepak; Saxena, Ravi R.Characterization of indigenous accessions of rice for 48 qualitative and quantitative characters, dissecting quality and yield related inter-componental traits to obtain precise information. Qualitative characters are considered as morphological markers in the identification of germplasm accessions of rice because they are less influenced by environment. Characterization of germplasm accessions establishes distinctiveness on the basis of 18 morphological markers. It is not only important for utilizing the appropriate attribute based donors in breeding programmes, but also essential in the present era for protecting the unique rice. Analysis of variance indicated that the mean sum of squares due to treatments (genotypes) were highly significant (at 1%) for all the quantitative characters. It means that there was significant differences present among the genotypes for all the quantitative traits. The highest PCV and GCV was observed for sterile spikelets per panicle followed by grain yield per plant, spikelets sterility%, fertile spikelets per panicle, total spikelets per panicle, biological yield per plant and amylose content. The result of correlation and path analysis revealed that the traits such as days to 50% flowering, total tillers per plant, effective tillers per plant, total spikelets per panicle, fertile spikelets per panicle, biological yield per plant, harvest index and head rice recovery had highly significant positive correlation with grain yield per plant as well as positive direct effect on grain yield per plant. Positive direct effect on grain yield as well as significant positive correlation with grain yield per plant indicates true relationship between them and direct selection for these traits will be rewarding for yield improvement. On the basis of Divergence analysis 65 genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The highest numbers of genotypes were present in cluster III which have 39 genotypes. Maximum intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster II and maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster II and cluster IV which shows the presence of high variability and high heterotic effect in between them. Maximum percent contribution of characters toward genetic divergence were given by sterile spikelets per panicle (6.98%) followed by grain yield per plant, fertile spikelet per panicle, total spikelet per panicle, harvest index, biological yield per plant, head rice recovery, amylose content, effective tillers per plant etc. Considering the importance of genetic distance and relative contribution of characters towards total divergence, parental lines should be selected from cluster II and from cluster IV to achieve desired segregants. Molecular markers are useful tools for evaluating genetic diversity and determining cultivar identity. A total of nine SSR markers (primers) were used for molecular characterization of 24 rice genotypes. Out of nine SSR markers, only seven were polymorphic while two were monomorphic. A total of 24 alleles were detected by nine SSR markers across the 24 rice genotypes. The number of alleles per SSR locus ranged from 1 to 4 with an average of 2.67 and the genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.35-1.00 with average 0.64. A dendrogram was constructed using Jaccard’s similarity coefficient, and accessions were clustered into 3 groups with 59% variability. Thus the present work identified the existence of ample variability among the rice genotypes that could be utilized directly for crop improvement programs.ThesisItem Open Access Dynamics of livestock sector in madhya pradesh - an economic analysis(JNKVV, 2016) Haidari, Hamidullah; Sarawagi, A.K.Abstract Livestock is an integral part of India’s agricultural economy and plays a multifaceted role in providing livelihood support to the rural population. Livestock sector apart from contribution to national economy in general and to agricultural economy in particular, also provides employment generation opportunities, asset creation, coping mechanism against crop failure, social and financial security. With this backdrop the present study is undertaken with the following specific objectives. • To know the changes and variation in livestock population in Madhya Pradesh. • To measure the changes in composition of livestock population in Madhya Pradesh. • To assess the changes in milk and meat production of livestock in Madhya Pradesh. • To suggest policy implication for development of livestock sector in Madhya Pradesh. A positive change on population of cattle crossbred male and female in Madhya Pradesh was found and more changes were observed in crossbred female then male. The negative changes were found on population of cattle indigenous female under one to three years age group while in other groups changes in positive direction. The positive changes in population of female buffalo were found but it is only 8 per cent. A negative relative change in milk and dry purpose subgroup was found. The negative change was found in population of sheep of both crossbred and indigenous except male of under one and more year (120.60 per cent). Overall it could be concluded that there was a negative change in the population of pig crossbred and indigenous in Madhya Pradesh. There was positive change in all the groups of male and female goat in Madhya Pradesh except one year and more male group and dry purpose female subgroup. The population of camel under all the subgroup of male and female were found negative change and coefficient of variation varied from 19.01 to 80.16. Negative change was found in the year 2012 over the 2003 in male (49.72 per cent) and female (20.48 per cent) in the population of horse and ponies in Madhya Pradesh. The population of mules in Madhya Pradesh was found a positive change, where as the population of donkeys was negative change. Overall 42.63 per cent changes were found in milk production of crossbred and indigenous cow in Madhya Pradesh. There was a positive change in milk production of cow, buffalo and goat during 2008-09 to 2012-13 in Madhya Pradesh. Average yield of crossbred cow milk per animal was found 0.85 kg per day and above 14 per cent change from 2008-09 to 2012-13. The average yield of milk per animal was found positive change (30 per cent) in Madhya Pradesh. Average yield of milk per animal was 3.49 kg per day (2008-09) and it was change to 3.8 kg in the year 2012-13 and percentage change was 8.88. A positive change was found in number of animal slaughtered in buffalo, sheep and goat except pig i.e 0.4 per cent. The yield levels of milk for cows and buffalos would be improved through genetic up gradation through cross breeding, selective breeding and converting unproductive animals to productive. Improvement in quality and quantity of meat is also needed. By promoting and disseminating the technologies developed by the research system efforts, to improve the productivity of milk and meat production. Efforts would be made by the concerned agencies to adoption of technologies for development of livestock sector.ThesisItem Open Access Economic analysis of gur (Jaggery) production and it's constraints in narsinghpur district of madhya pradesh(JNKVV, 2016) Chouksey, Priya; Sarawagi, A.K.ABSTRACT Sugarcane is an important commercial crop and cultivated in about seventy five countries. The leading countries are Brazil, India, China, Thailand and Pakistan. India occupies the second rank in production of sugarcane in the world, it contributing nearly 20.4 percent area and 18.60 percent production. In Madhya Pradesh the area under sugarcane was 0.88 lakh ha, and production 4.22 million tons . In Narsinghpur area under sugarcane was 23562 ha . To study the socio- economic characteristics of sample respondents. Cost and profitability of Gur (Jaggery) under different level of production. Narsinghpur district of Madhya Pradesh was selected purposively for the study purpose. Only two blocks namely Gotegaon and Narsinghpur were selected on the basis of maximum Gur (jaggery) production. A list of gur producing/manufacturing unit were prepared and further divided in to three group on the basis of level of gur production i.e. 1st group (100-300 tons),2nd group (301-500) and 3rd group (above 500 tons). From each group 5 producing/manufacturing units were selected randomly. The period of study pertains to the year 2015-2016. Regarding caste structure, 80 percent respondents belong to OBC category in both 1st and 2nd group while in 3rd group 100 percent respondents belong to OBC category and remaining 20 percent under 1st & 2nd group belong to general category. In educational status overall only 20 percent respondents was illiterate and among the literate respondents 100 and 80 percent were educated up to middle & HSSc and graduate and above level respectively. Required sugarcane quantity under 1st group was observed more than 2nd and 3rd group, and in the same way more sugarcane quantity was required in the 2nd group than the 3rd group, variation in sugarcane quantity may be due to variation in the level of gur production under different group. The total expenses on material was found more in 3rd group (19292.24) then 1st (19182.28) and 2nd (19208.05) group but among the groups the difference in total expenses was less. The total expenses on material was found more in 3rd group (19292.24) then 1st (19182.28) and 2nd (19208.05) group. Under cane-crushing the expenses increases as level of gur production increased. It was Rs. 132.7, 125.40 and 109.3 under 1st, 2nd and 3rd group respectively. Overall it could be concluded that about 92 percent cost covered by direct cost which includes material, diesel, electric and human labour cost for different operation. On an average total amount of Rs 22461 are required to manufactured per ton gur production. On an average net profit per ton was estimated to be Rs. 938.19. Among the group, more profit i.e. Rs. 1094.47 per ton gained by 3rd group respondent than the 2nd (987.61) and 1st group (732.5) respondent, although the difference was not much which shows that there is less role of scale of operation in the study.. On an averageRs.320718.33, Rs. 110216.68 and Rs. 9696.68 were observed as direct, indirect and total cost for per day gur production respectively. In the study area if respondent involved in gur making in 96 operating day's with the target of 100 ton gur production then he can gained an amount of Rs. 1018 Problems such as raw material not available in time, human labour problem and transportation problem also faced by the respondents in the study area 29.44 as net profit in one shift or per season. Sugarcane is one of the major items which required for gur production. So it is suggested that respondents/farmers may includes more area of sugarcane crop in the cropping pattern then due to material cost (sugarcane) profit from gur production may be improved. Gur production is profitable business in the study area and more profit may be gained by the manufacturer though increasing the level of gur production as respondents were involved in gur manufacturing with 100 ton to more than 500 ton within operating day’s (per season) i.e. 96 day’s. Efforts are needed for improving the transport and storage facilities for gur industry.ThesisItem Open Access Economic analysis of gur (Jaggery) production and it's constraints in narsinghpur district of madhya pradesh(JNKVV, 2016) Chouksey, Priya; Sarawagi, A.K.ABSTRACT Sugarcane is an important commercial crop and cultivated in about seventy five countries. The leading countries are Brazil, India, China, Thailand and Pakistan. India occupies the second rank in production of sugarcane in the world, it contributing nearly 20.4 percent area and 18.60 percent production. In Madhya Pradesh the area under sugarcane was 0.88 lakh ha, and production 4.22 million tons . In Narsinghpur area under sugarcane was 23562 ha . To study the socio- economic characteristics of sample respondents. Cost and profitability of Gur (Jaggery) under different level of production. Narsinghpur district of Madhya Pradesh was selected purposively for the study purpose. Only two blocks namely Gotegaon and Narsinghpur were selected on the basis of maximum Gur (jaggery) production. A list of gur producing/manufacturing unit were prepared and further divided in to three group on the basis of level of gur production i.e. 1st group (100-300 tons),2nd group (301-500) and 3rd group (above 500 tons). From each group 5 producing/manufacturing units were selected randomly. The period of study pertains to the year 2015-2016. Regarding caste structure, 80 percent respondents belong to OBC category in both 1st and 2nd group while in 3rd group 100 percent respondents belong to OBC category and remaining 20 percent under 1st & 2nd group belong to general category. In educational status overall only 20 percent respondents was illiterate and among the literate respondents 100 and 80 percent were educated up to middle & HSSc and graduate and above level respectively. Required sugarcane quantity under 1st group was observed more than 2nd and 3rd group, and in the same way more sugarcane quantity was required in the 2nd group than the 3rd group, variation in sugarcane quantity may be due to variation in the level of gur production under different group. The total expenses on material was found more in 3rd group (19292.24) then 1st (19182.28) and 2nd (19208.05) group but among the groups the difference in total expenses was less. The total expenses on material was found more in 3rd group (19292.24) then 1st (19182.28) and 2nd (19208.05) group. Under cane-crushing the expenses increases as level of gur production increased. It was Rs. 132.7, 125.40 and 109.3 under 1st, 2nd and 3rd group respectively. Overall it could be concluded that about 92 percent cost covered by direct cost which includes material, diesel, electric and human labour cost for different operation. On an average total amount of Rs 22461 are required to manufactured per ton gur production. On an average net profit per ton was estimated to be Rs. 938.19. Among the group, more profit i.e. Rs. 1094.47 per ton gained by 3rd group respondent than the 2nd (987.61) and 1st group (732.5) respondent, although the difference was not much which shows that there is less role of scale of operation in the study.. On an averageRs.320718.33, Rs. 110216.68 and Rs. 9696.68 were observed as direct, indirect and total cost for per day gur production respectively. In the study area if respondent involved in gur making in 96 operating day's with the target of 100 ton gur production then he can gained an amount of Rs. 1018 Problems such as raw material not available in time, human labour problem and transportation problem also faced by the respondents in the study area 29.44 as net profit in one shift or per season. Sugarcane is one of the major items which required for gur production. So it is suggested that respondents/farmers may includes more area of sugarcane crop in the cropping pattern then due to material cost (sugarcane) profit from gur production may be improved. Gur production is profitable business in the study area and more profit may be gained by the manufacturer though increasing the level of gur production as respondents were involved in gur manufacturing with 100 ton to more than 500 ton within operating day’s (per season) i.e. 96 day’s. Efforts are needed for improving the transport and storage facilities for gur industry.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF CROP AND MACHINE PARAMETERS ON PERFORMANCE OF PADDY THRESHER USED IN CHHATTISGARH(INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDYALAYA RAIPUR(C.G), 2000) Naik, Rajesh Kumar; Verma, Ajay; Mishra, B.P.; Patel, S.; Saxena, R.; Sarawagi, A.K.TESTING AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF CONSTANT FLOW VALVE FOR KNAPSACK SPRAYER`ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF CROP AND MACHINE PARAMETERS ON PERFORMANCE OF PADDY THRESHER USED IN CHHATTISGRH(262p., 2000) Naik, Rajesh Kumar; Verma, Ajay; Mishra, B.P.; Patel, S.; Saxena, R.; Sarawagi, A.K.EFFECT OF CROP AND MACHINE PARAMETERS ON PERFORMANCE OF PADDY THRESHER USED IN CHHATTISGRHThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF DROUGHT TOLERANT QTLs ON YIELD AND YIELD CONTRIBUTING TRAITS UNDER MANAGED WATER STRESS AS WELL AS NON STRESS CONDITION(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2011) Narang, Manoj Kumar; Verulker, S.B.; Sarawagi, A.K.; Guhey, (Smt.) Arti; Saxena, R.R.The complex nature of drought tolerance, genotype x environment interaction, lack of understanding of inheritance of drought tolerance, poor understanding of physiological basis of yield under water limited condition and difficulty of effective drought tolerance screening complicate the development of drought tolerance varieties. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to carry out the genetic analysis for understanding the genetics basis of drought tolerance and identification of QTLs for yield and yield contributing traits under water stress condition. The analysis of variance indicated substantial variation among the 77 lines for grain yield and yield contributing traits. Significant variation was noticed among the 77 lines for grain yield and yield contributing traits under irrigated as well as TSD situation. The mean grain yield of these lines was higher in irrigated as compared to TSD condition, respectively, indicating very high level of stress. The presence of QTL‟s has increased the plant height and also it has resulted increased yield under stress condition which is a major advantage.. The increase in the plant height because of DT QTL‟s under irrigated condition results in lodging of these lines which become a major disadvantage. The estimates of correlation showed highly positive and significant association between grain yield, harvest index and biological yield under both irrigated as well as terminal stage drought condition. The estimates of direct effect showed that biological yield had significant direct effect and exhibited positive correlation with grain yield under both the conditions. The major QTLs showed low and variable effect in the background of improved mega varieties, the targeted cultivars for improving drought tolerance. Recently, two major QTLs, one each in the background of mega varieties „Swarna‟ and „IR 64‟ have been identified.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF LIGHT, RADIATION AND THERMAL REGIMES ON THE GROWTH, PHENOLOGY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF DIFFERENT RICE GENOTYPES UNDER TRADITIONAL AND SRI METHOD OF CULTIVATION.(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, 2007) Sahu, Ravi Ranjan; Sastri, A.S.R.A.S.; Patel, S.R.; Singh, A.P.; Sarawagi, A.K.; (Smt.) Chandrakar, G.