Browsing by Author "SHIVARAMU, K."
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ThesisItem Open Access CONTRACT FARMING IN AROMATIC CROPS - A STUDY ON DAVANAM (Artemisia pallens) CULTIVATION IN CHIKKABALLAPUR DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK BENGALURU, 2020-09-03) SHASHANK YADAV, K. S.; SHIVARAMU, K.The present investigation was carried out during 2019-20 at Chikkaballapur district of Karnataka. The main objectives of the study were to asses Economics of davanam production, modus operandi, problems and suggestions of davanam contract farming farmers. The data were collected from 80 davanam contract farmers using pre-tested interview schedule. The results revealed that as high as 81.25 per cent of davanam contract farmers belonged to small sized family with high annual income level and cent per cent of them were literates. The gross returns and net returns from davanam production per hectare were Rs.2,37,800/- and Rs.1,50,642/- respectively. The B:C ratio of davanam crop was 2.73 which was higher over other competing crops. The independent variables such as family type, mass media exposure, economic motivation and management orientation have significantly contributed to the adoption of recommended davanam package of practices by the producer farmers and their annual income. Cent per cent of davanam farmers had written contract agreement with the companies and mode of payment was through cheque. Non- availability of skilled labour, high wage rate, high incidence of pests and diseases and lack of technical guidance were the major production problems and irregular payments by the company and manipulation of norms by the firms were the major marketing problems. Advance to the farmers, higher price for the produce, regular payment, on time supply of quality inputs by the company and crop loan to the farmers were the important suggestions by the farmers.ThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON CONTRACT FARMING IN OKRA SEED PRODUCTION IN HAVERI DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2018-08-01) PRAMODKUMAR, DODDAMANI; SHIVARAMU, K.The present investigation was carried out in 2017-18 at Haveri District of Karnataka. The main objectives of the study were to document socio-economic status, cost and returns involved in seed production, modus operandi of seed firms involved in Okra seed production and the problems faced by the farmers during Okra seed production under contract farming. The data was collected from 90 Okra seed producers under contract farming using pretested interview schedule. The collected data was analyzed by using appropriate statistical tools. The results revealed that as high as (57.78 %) of the Okra seed production farmers were belonged to medium sized family with a medium level of annual income (38.89 %) and half of the Okra seed growers belonged to middle age group and cent per cent of the farmers were educated. The cost of Okra seed production per acre was 67,462 and net returns was 72,538. The contract agreement prevailing between farmers and companies is a written document indicating the role and responsibilities of each. High wage rate, non- availability of skilled labour, more pest and disease attack, non- availability of mechanical seed extraction facility, higher rejection rate were the problems faced by the farmers. Advance payment to take up seed production, higher price to the Okra seed produced, supply of all critical inputs by the company were the important suggestions expressed by the farmers for betterment of Okra seed production under contract farming.