Browsing by Author "SHARMA, SWATI"
Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
Results Per Page
Sort Options
ThesisItem Open Access BIOPROSPECTING OF KIWIFRUIT ENZYME IN FOOD INDUSTRY(2016) SHARMA, SWATI; VAIDYA, DEVINAABSTRACT The present study entitled “Bioprospecting of kiwifruit enzyme in food industry” was conducted in the Department of Food Science and Technology, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh during the year 2014-2016. Kiwifruit enzyme as a protease was studied for its applications in food. Protease enzymes degrade proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids, because of their broad specificity they have wide range of applications in food industry. Extraction of enzyme was done at various stages of fruit maturity and maximum enzyme activity (200.32±0.2µg/gm) was shown at immature stage of fruit maturity. Ammonium sulphate precipitation method @ 40-60 per cent yields 86 per cent enzyme yield of 1.65 purification fold and 0.86 /mg of protein specific activity. Characterization of enzyme through response surface methodology shows that enzyme is stable at high pH (8) and temperature (450 C) for 20 min incubation time. Due to this high range of pH and temperature stability kiwifruit enzyme can be successfully exploited in food industry. Cottage cheese prepared with partially purified kiwifruit enzyme (0.5%) was found comparable to the cheese prepared with rennet (1%) shows that kiwifruit as a plant protease can be a best alternative to replace animal and microbial origin rennet, as a religious or diet issues and also due to high cost and pathogenicity of microbial one. Through the use of this enzyme (kiwifruit protease) in whole wheat meal and whole wheat meal-refined flour (50:50) dough fermentation time was reduced by 30 min which ultimately reduced the baking process of buns production however for multigrain buns the fermentation time was standardized one and half hour. In spent hen chicken tenderization with 10 per cent kiwifruit juice was found desirable which can add monitory value to the same product. Henceforth, kiwifruit enzyme can be a boon in food industry for production of cottage cheese, reduction of fermentation time in buns production and for tenderization of spent hen chicken.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND PRODUCTIVITY OF NECTARINE (Prunus persica cv. SILVER KING(UHF,NAUNI, 2022-09) SHARMA, SWATI; VERMA, M LABSTRACT Investigation entitled “Effect of integrated nutrient management on soil properties and productivity of Nectarine (Prunus persica cv. Silver King)” was conducted on 8 years old nectarine cultivar ‘Silver King’ at a spacing of 4.5 m x 4.5 m for two consecutive years 2020 and 2021 at the experimental farm of Department of Soil Science and Water Management, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP). The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with 12 treatments viz., T1-Recommended dose of nutrients (RDN) + 40 kg FYM-(control), T2- 100% RDN + dual inoculation with Azotobacter and PSB, T3-100% RDN + 10 kg vermicompost, T4- 100% RDN + 20 kg vermicompost, T5-75% RDN + 10 kg vermicompost, T6-75% RDN + 20 kg vermicompost, T7-75% RDN + 10 kg vermicompost + inoculation with Azotobacter, T8-75% RDN + 20 kg vermicompost + inoculation with Azotobacter, T9-75% RDN + 10 kg vermicompost + inoculation with PSB, T10-75% RDN + 20 kg vermicompost + inoculation with PSB, T11-75% RDN + 10 kg vermicompost + dual inoculation with Azotobacter and PSB, T12-75% RDN + 20 kg vermicompost + dual inoculation with Azotobacter and PSB. Soil properties viz., physical, chemical and biological properties were significantly influenced by integrated nutrient management practices. Leaf macro and micronutrient content were significantly higher in treatment T12. Plant parameters viz., plant height, trunk girth, annual extension growth and plant spread were also recorded maximum in treatment T12 . Maximum productivity (15.00 t/ha) and yield efficiency (0.317 kg/cm2) were recorded in T12 .Fruit quality parameters viz., fruit length, breadth, fruit weight, TSS, total sugars, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars and minimum titratable acidity. were found under treatment T12. Finally, it is concluded that treatment comprising 75% RDN + 20kg vermicompost + Dual inoculation with Azotobacter and PSB (T12) was found to be most effective combination of integrated nutrient management application to nectarine under mid-hills of Himachal PradeshThesisItem Open Access HYBRID DRYING OF MAJOR POME FRUITS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH(NAUNI,UHF, 2020-07) SHARMA, SWATI; VAIDYA, DEVINAABSTRACT The present study entitled “Hybrid drying of major pome fruits of Himachal Pradesh” was conducted in the Department of Food Science and Technology, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh.ins, minerals and fiber etc, but have short shelf life attributed to their high moisture content (nearly 85 %). This causes huge post–harvest losses that can be overcome with the use of various post-harvest technologies. Drying is Apple and pear are major pome fruits of Himachal Pradesh state of India. Fruits are rich source of vitam most extensively used food preservation method among others to improve storage stability by reducing chemical and physical changes occurred during drying. Among various drying methods, hybrid drying method now-a-days become popular due to use of various drying methods together, hence present study was undertaken to explored the effect of hybrid drying on quality evaluation of pome fruits and also to overcome the limitations of existing drying techniques. For hybrid drying of apple and pear, optimization of fruit parameters and process conditions through Response Surface Methodology (RSM) gave optimized conditions i.e. thickness of 4mm apple rings with skin and 3 cm3 size of cube without skin, sucrose concentration of 50 and 60 0B and ultrasonicated treatment time of 30 min respectively. Drying kinetics was best calculated through Midilli model based on lower value of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) (0.00582 and 0.00203) and chi-square(2.31 X 10-5 and 2.53 X 10-5) and higher value of R2 (0.97) for both the fruits respectively whereas effective moisture diffusivity increased from 1.45 X 10-9to 1.77 X 10-9 and 5.38 X 10-10 to 5.94 X 10-10 with increase in drying temperature from 50 to 700C in hybrid dried apple and pear fruits as compared to osmo-dried that had lower moisture diffusion rate. The activation energy required for initiation of drying process was also found lower in case of hybrid drying apple(5.69 kJ mol-1) and pear (5.65 kJ mol-1) fruits. Moreover, hybrid drying reduced total drying time as 38 and 33 per cent in case of apple and pear fruits as compared to osmo-drying technology. Effect of hybrid drying on quality evaluation of pome fruits showed that, hybrid dried products were superior in terms of physical, chemical, nutritional and sensory properties. However, these hybrid dried products could be stored for 12 months in LDPE with vacuum at ambient conditions without altering the overall quality parameters. Hence, the study concluded that hybrid drying technology can become profitable for both growers of pome fruits and for industries as it reduces considerable post–harvest losses as well as total cost of production and also increases the drying efficiency.ThesisItem Open Access NUTRITIONAL SURVEY OF MANGO (Mangifera indica L.) ORCHARDS IN KANGRA DISTRICT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH(UHF,NAUNI, 2017-09) SHARMA, SWATI; VERMA, M.L.ABSTRACT Investigation entitled “Nutritional survey of mango (Mangifera indica L.) orchards in Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh” was undertaken to ascertain the nutritional status of mango orchards, located in Fatehpur, Nurpur and Indora blocks of Kangra district and to establish the relationships among soil characteristics and nutrient contents of soils and plants. Based on uniformity in respect of age and tree vigour, 30 representative orchards were selected and “Dashehri” variety of mango was selected for study as most of the well established orchards in these blocks were under this variety. Soil (0-15 and 15-30 cm depths) and plant (leaf) samples collected from mango orchards were analyzed for physico-chemical properties (texture, pH, EC, OC), macro-nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S) and micro-nutrients (Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, B and Mo) status. The soils were coarser in nature having sandy loam to gravelly sandy clay loam texture and were nearly neutral in reaction. The electrical conductivity values were in safe limits (less than 0.8 dSm-1). The organic carbon contents were medium to high. Nutrient index values showed that the soils were high in available P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu and Mn except Zn and B which were low in both the surface and sub-surface layers. The soil fertility status indicated that 15, 25, 25, 60 and 20 per cent orchard soils were low in available N, Zn, Fe, B and Mo whereas 100 per cent soils were high in available K, Ca, Mg, S and Cu content. The leaf nutrient status showed that 20, 60 and 40 per cent samples were low in Zn, B and Mo and 55, 90 and 50 per cent samples were high in N, Mg and Fe. The per cent coefficient of variations found high in soil and plants could be due to variations in parent material and orchard management practices. Organic carbon was positively and significantly correlated with N, P, Cu and Mn. Available N, K, Mg, S and Mn exhibited positive and significant relationship with their respective leaf nutrient contents.ThesisItem Open Access ROLE OF GENDER IN INVESTMENT DECISION MAKING : AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF URBAN SHIMLA(DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT COLLGE OF HORTICULTURE DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY ; SOLAN, 2011) SHARMA, SWATI; CHAUDHARY, RASHMIThesisItem Open Access TECHNOLOGY REFINEMENT FOR MICROPROPAGATED Aloe vera L. AND ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC FIDELITY(2013) SHARMA, SWATI; KANWAR, KAMLESHABSTRACT The present investigation aims at “Technology refinement for micropropagated Aloe vera L. and assessment of genetic fidelity”. Surface sterilized shoot buds cultured on control (MS + 3% sucrose + 0.8% agar-agar ) and low cost medium (MS + 3% table sugar + 10% tapioca pearls) supplemented with 2.0 mg/l, 0.5 mg/l and 0.2 mg/l NAA which showed 81.66% and 79.33% establishment respectively. Both control as well as low cost medium were found at par with each other having 81.99% and 81.80% shoot regeneration respectively. 77.67% rooting and 4.33 average roots per shoot were found on 1/4 MS + 3% sucrose + 0.8% agar-agar and 78.00% rooting and 3.67 average roots per shoot on 1/4 MS + 10% tapioca pearls + 3% table sugar. The study has resulted in the reduction cost of the medium by substituting agar-agar and sucrose with tapioca pearls and table sugar. Further, morphological parameters showed that there is similarity between in vitro raised plants. During the RAPDs studies, 17 random decamer primers were used. Total 55 scorable bands were obtained out of which 52 bands found monomorphic and 3 were polymorphic in nature. The similarity coefficient value ranged from 0.94 to 1.00. Similarity of 98% from dendrogram has been observed which was constructed on similarity matrix.