Browsing by Author "SHARMA, SHILPA"
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ThesisItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF AIR POLLUTION TOLERANCE INDEX OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS OF MID HILL REGION IN HIMACHAL PRADESH(UHF,NAUNI, 2021-11) SHARMA, SHILPA; BRAHMI, M KABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Assessment of air pollution tolerance index of medicinal and aromatic plants of mid hill region in Himachal Pradesh’’was conducted in the Department of Environmental Science, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during 2020-2021. The study aimed at determining the air pollution tolerance along with anticipated performance index of medicinal and aromatic plants. The commonly occurring thirty medicinal and aromatic plants comprised of seventeen herbs, six shrubs, three climbers and four trees in mid hill region of Himachal Pradesh were selected for the study. It was found that all the herbs, shrubs and trees under study behaved similar, whereas significant variation was observed in climbers for the APTI. The highest APTI was recorded in Spilanthes acmella (10.40); Murraya koenigii (7.735); Tinospora cordifolia (8.530) and Terminalia arjuna (5.770) with respect to herbs, shrubs, climbers and trees. The anticipated performance index of the selected medicinal and aromatic plants ranged from very poor to very good. Among the herbs, Spilanthes acmella with the highest tolerance index and Cymbopogon citratus with very good and Acorus calamus and Valeriana jatamansi with good performance score and among the shrubs, Murraya koenigii with the highest tolerance index and Vitex negundo with a moderate performance score and among the climbers, Tinospora cordifolia with the highest tolerance index and moderate performance score and among the trees, Terminalia arjuna with the highest tolerance index and moderate performance score can be suggested for plantations to manage the harmful effect of air pollution in the mid hill region of Himachal Pradesh.ThesisItem Open Access CHARACTERIZATION OF CULTURABLE BACTERIAL ENDOPHYTES OF CHRYSANTHEMUM (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) AND THEIR EFFICACY FOR PLANT GROWTH PROMOTION(UHF,NAUNI, 2019-11) SHARMA, SHILPA; CHAUHAN, ANJALIABSTRACT Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) belongs to family Asteraceae and is a popular flower crop suitable for both pot culture and bedding purposes. The quality of flowers is greatly influenced by the quantity as well as sources of nutrients. Presently, these nutrients are supplied through chemical fertilizers. The escalating prices of chemical fertilizers and their indiscriminate use has not only adversely affects the soil health and environment but also reduces the productivity of crops. The situation emphasized the need for developing alternate production system that is eco-friendly and is more judicious in maintaining soil health. So, the present investigations were carried out to characterize and evaluate the effects of PGPB isolated from chrysanthemum plant (roots, stem and leaf) samples grown under organic and commercial cultivation. A total of 143 purified isolates were selected on the basis of PGP traits and morphological characterization. From the total, 44 (16 organic and 28 inorganic) isolates were selected on the basis of their efficacy to have maximum plant growth promoting traits like P-solubilization, growth on nitrogen free medium, siderophore, auxin, HCN production and antagonism against Pythium ultimum, Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporumunderlaboratoryconditions.The genetic diversity based on 16S r DNA sequence analysis and BLASTn search revealed the identity of 44 strains belonging to diverse genera viz.,Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Lysinibacillus, Micrococcus, Streptomyces, Pantoea, Klebsiella, Phyllobacterium, Serratia, Microbacterium, Cellulosimicrobium, Arthrobacter and Staphylococcus. From selected 44 isolates, seven isolates viz. Stenotrophomonas pavanii strain SRO8, Bacillus subtilis strain RDO10, Serratia marcescens strain N2S14, Bacillus subtilis strain N1S25, Serratia nematodiphila strain N1S23, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain N2S6 and Bacillus subtilis strain N2S18 along with consortium of reference strains (Bacillus licheniformis strain KS_5+Bacillus subtilis strain KS_6) were selected for pot trial to study their efficacy for growth and development of chrysanthemum. In the pot trial experiment two best isolates were selected with different levels of NP fertilizers along with two efficient isolates (KS5 and KS6) and used for field trial using two varieties of chrysanthemum viz ‘Ajay’ and ‘Purnima’. The application of 70% RD NP + Bacillus subtilis strain RDO10 and 70% RD NP + Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain N2S6 registered maximum increase in all plant parameters i.e. plant height (cm), number of side shoots per plant, days taken to flowering, number of flowers per plant, flower size (cm), duration of flowering (days) and vase life (days). The inoculation of PGPB has also registered an increase in NPK uptake and available NPK. Thus, the selected bacterial endophytes has good prospects to be used as biofertilizer, biostimulant and bioprotectant for chrysanthemum.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH AND FLOWERING OF CHRYSANTHEMUM (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev)(2015) SHARMA, SHILPA; KAUSHAL, RAJESHABSTRACT Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) belongs to family Asteraceae and is a popular flower crop suitable for both pot culture and bedding purposes. The quality of flowers is greatly influenced by the quantity as well as sources of nutrients. Presently, these nutrients are supplied through chemical fertilizers. The escalating prices of chemical fertilizers and their indiscriminate use has not only adversely affects the soil health and environment but also reduces the productivity of crops. The situation emphasized the need for developing alternate production system that is eco-friendly and is more judicious in maintaining soil health. So, the present investigations were carried out to characterize and evaluate the effects of PGPR isolated from rhizosphere and roots of chrysanthemum. Out of 49 purified isolates, eight isolates viz. SN1, SN2, SN11, SJ6, SJ8, RJ1, SR1, SR5 along with two reference isolates (KS5 and KS6) were selected on the basis of their efficacy to have maximum plant growth promoting traits like Psolubilization, growth on nitrogen free medium, siderophore, auxin, HCN production and antagonism against Pythium ultimum, Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporum under laboratory conditions. On the basis of morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, these isolates were identified as Bacillus spp. The optimum pH and temperature for the growth of the isolates was 7.0 and 35oC, respectively. A field trial was conducted on two varieties of chrysanthemum viz ‘Ajay’ and ‘Purnima’ by taking different levels of NP fertilizers along with two efficient isolates (KS5 and KS6). The application of consortium (KS5 and KS6) registered maximum increase in all plant parameters i.e. plant height (cm), number of side shoots per plant, days taken to flowering, number of flowers per plant, flower size (cm) and duration of flowering (days). The inoculation of PGPR has also registered an increase of 55.2 and 53.2 per cent available N, 57.2 and 54.7 per cent available P and 20.3 and 16.3 per cent available K content in cv. ‘Ajay’ and ‘Purnima’, respectively. Thus, the consortium of KS5 and KS6 has good prospects to act as biofertilizer, biostimulant and bioprotectant for chrysanthemum.ThesisItem Open Access STATISTICAL INVESTIGATION FOR VOLUME TABLE OF Toona ciliata M. Roem(UHF,NAUNI, 2021-10) SHARMA, SHILPA; MAHAJAN, P KABSTRACT The present study entitled “Statistical Investigation for Volume Table of Toona ciliata M. Roem” was carried out in District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh. The investigation was undertaken to propose the convenient tool for foresters and researchers to obtain the estimated volume of Toona ciliata at any form without employing devastating procedures. For the study, primary data for diameter and height of toona trees was obtained from four distinct sites of District Kangra viz, Nihari, Baslag, Chauli and Kaloha. A total of 100 Toona ciliata trees were marked, with 25 trees from each site. To test the variability among different sites, the data was subjected to variability analysis. Thereafter, the homogeneity of variances in diameter, height, and volume parameters was tested using Bartlett's chi-square test.The predicted number of trees in each diameter class was calculated using probability distributions as per the cross section of data, and the significance of these results was tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirov test statistic. To estimate the number of toona trees in various diameter classes in this zone, the best fitted distributions were found to be log-normal and gamma.A two-way volume table was constructed using the best-fit power model for Toona ciliata. Finally the regression analysis was employed to predict the volume of toona trees and construction of volume tables.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON IN VITRO SELECTION AND REGENERATION OF LILIUM CV. ALASKA RESISTANT TO CULTURE FILTRATE OF PHYTOPHTHORA CACTORUM(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, 2007) SHARMA, SHILPA; SHARMA, S. KThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON TRYPSIN INHIBITOR IN LOCAL CULTIVAR OF Dolichos biflorus L.(2012) SHARMA, SHILPA; NATH, AMARJIT K.ABSTRACT Protease inhibitors present in seeds of legumes possess strong inhibitory activity against trypsin and confer resistance against pests. Extraction of trypsin inhibitor from seed flour of Dolichos biflorus L. was maximum in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.5). Trypsin inhibitor activity in developing seeds of Dolichos biflorus L. cultivar was detected at 8 days after flowering (DAF) and it increased with seed maturation till 60 DAF. The inhibitor activity was found to decrease gradually throughout germination period. Crude extract from developing seeds inhibited gut protease of Pieris brassicae and maximum inhibition was observed in dessicated seeds. Trypsin inhibitor was partially purified to 5.02 fold with 74.07 per cent recovery by ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G-100 column. The inhibitor was found to be thermostable and had pH optima of 7.5. It exhibited non-competitive inhibition pattern with Ki value of 0.04 mg/ml. The inhibitor lost its activity on exposure to varying concentrations of DTT thereby indicating the role of disulfide linkages in maintaining its stability and three dimensional structure. Feeding bioassay experiment using partially purified inhibitor showed a marked decline in per cent survival of larvae with increase in inhibitor concentration. The larval growth was retarded in treatment. This study signifies the insecticidal potential of Dolichos biflorus L. trypsin inhibitor which might be exploited for raising transgenic plants.ThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN AGRICULTURE IN VILLAGE KANGOO OF DISTRICT HAMIRPUR OF HIMACHAL PRADESH(UHF,NAUNI, 2019-07) SHARMA, SHILPA; JANJHUA, YASMINABSTRACT Women make essential contributions to agriculture and rural economic activities in all developing countries. The present study has attempted to assess the women empowerment in agriculture in general and decision making ability of women in agriculture in particular. Further the study has assessed the difference on women empowerment with respect to demographic variables such as marital status, education. The data has been collected form a sample size 121 women of village Kangoo, District Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh. The findings showed that the level of women empowerment in agriculture in general and decision making ability has been noted to be higher. Further the effect of marital status on mean difference pertaining to the components of women empowerment has been noted to be significant for women political involvement and for family planning. The findings also showed that the effect of education on mean difference pertaining to the components of women empowerment has been noted to be significant for control over income. The current study suggested that our society should change their mind set and perceptions in women involvement in family planning and political interference.