Browsing by Author "SHARMA, NEETA"
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ThesisItem Open Access TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF FEEDING MANGO SEED KERNELS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BROILERS(AAU, Anand, 2004) SHARMA, NEETA; PANDE, M. B.The effect of feeding mango seed kernels on the performance of broilers was planned using day old 240 unsexed 'VenCobb" commercial chicks from 0 day to 6 weeks of age. Four treatments were T1 (diet containing 0% mango seed kernel), T2 (diet containing 5% mango seed kernel), T3 (diet containing 10% mango seed kernel) and T4 (diet containing 15% mango seed kernel). Completely Randomized Design was followed. The nutrient requirements were met as per the recommendations of BIS (1992 a, b) feeding standards. The feeds were supplemented with coccidiostats and vitamins. The birds were vaccinated as per schedule. All the four treatment rations were fed from 0-6 weeks in cages. The average initial weight of the chicks was 48.03 ± 0.40, 48.27 ± 0.30, 48.53 ± 0.87 and 48.50 ± 0.58 g while the average final weight was 1292.90 ± 18.06, 1299.77 ± 19.82, 1292.20 ± 22.57 and 1044.73 ± 20.59g. The gain was 1244.87 ± 18.10, 1251.50 ± 19.79, 1243.67 ± 9.91 and 996.23 ± 20.4 Ig under T1 ,T2 ,T3 and T4, respectively. The treatment groups T1, T2 and T3 were at par while T4 differed significantly from T1, T2 and T3. Treatment T4 showed least growth. The average feed consumed during starter period was 1528.18 ± 17.49, 1455.85 ±35.45, 1465.80 ± 24.36 and 1317.62 ± 24.24 g for T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The non significant difference in average feed consumption for T1, T2, T3 during 0-4 weeks and significant reduction of feed consumption for T4 suggested that mango seed kernel at 10% is quite palatable to broilers (starter phase) while 15% level of mango seed kernel reduced the feed intake during 0-4 weeks. During 5-6 weeks, the feed consumption was significantly higher for T1 (1493.80 ± 18.40) and significant reduction in feed consumption for T2, T3 and T4. (1155.85 ± 35.48, 1165.70 ± 24.28 and 1190.00 ± 35.01g) indicated that mango seed kernel inclusion in the ration reduced the feed intake of birds without any adverse effect on growth at the rate of 5 and 10%) inclusion levels. Average total feed consumption ( g/bird) was recorded as 3021.98 ± 32.61, 2611.80 ±70.89, 2631.50 ± 48.60, 2507.62 ± 52.35g which further suggested that mango seed kernel inclusion in broilers ration reduced the total feed consumption of birds . The average dry matter intake per kg metabolic body weight was 89.18 ± 2.59, 98.52 ± 3.04, 98.50 ± 4.82 and 96.72 ± 3.8Ig under T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively, with no significant differences. Average crude protein intake per kg gain was 498.03 ± 7.05, 426.77 ± 13.84, 433.61 ± 5.43 and 517.37 ± 17.04 g under treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. It was significantly (P<0.05) higher in T4 and T1 as compared to the treatments T2 and T3 (having Sand 10% level of MSK). The average nitrogen balance was +2.53 ± 0.11,+2.67 ± 0.24, +2.13 ± 0.38 and +1.97 ± 0.23 g/ bird /day with average calcium balance of +1.13 ± 0.08, +1.06 ± 0.09, +0 .81 ± 0.11 and + 0.77 ± 0.15 g/bird/day . The balances of nitrogen and calcium were positive and more or less similar in all the four treatment groups. However positive and significantly higher phosphorus balance was found in T2 (+0.83 ± 0.07) and least in T4 (+0.23 ± 0.06 g/bird/day). Average values for dressing percentage varied from 71.56 to 77.20% and remained almost similar under all the four treatment groups. Similarly, statistically non significant differences were observed in gizzard, heart and abdominal fat weight under all the four treatment groups suggesting that there was no untoward effect of feeding MSK on gizzard, heart and abdominal fat up to 15% level in broiler ration but liver weight was significantly lower in T4 treatment group. Spleen weight was also significantly low in T4 and T1 treatment groups. The weight was least in treatment T4, indicating that MSK had some effect on liver and spleen. Spleen weight was significantly higher in T2 andT3. Feed conversion efficiency (kg feed /kg gain) during 6 weeks observed was 2.43 ± 0.03, 2.09 ± 0.05, 2.15 ± 0.04 and 2.52 ± 0.08 for treatment groups T1, T2 ,T3 and T4 respectively. The FCR was better in T2, T3 and poor in T4. Feed consumed per kg gain in birds of T4 and T1 groups was found significantly (P<0.05) higher than T2 and T3 The diets of birds fed either 5 or 10%) MSK (T2 or T3) required lesser amount of feed per kg gain in weight. These findings indicated that higher levels of inclusion of MSK (15%) in diet required more amount of feed per kg gain in weight. The cost of feeding (feed cost / kg gain) was significantly higher in T4 (Rs. 19.63 ± 0.65) as compared to T2 (Rs. 15.97 ± 0.37) and T3 (Rs. 16.35 ± 0.20). The treatments T1 (Rs. 18.46 ± 0.26) and T4 (Rs. 19.63 ± 0.65) were at par. Over all results revealed that mango seed kernel is an acceptable ingredient in broiler rations up to 10 per cent level without affecting growth rate and production performance of broilers and therefore, can be incorporated at 10 per cent level in broiler ration with economic advantage.