Browsing by Author "Reshma, T R"
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ThesisItem Open Access Standardisation and quality evaluation of millet based composite nutrimixes for adolescents(Department of community science, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2017) Reshma, T R; KAU; Aneena, E RAdolescence is a transitional period in the life cycle which is characterised by significant physical, psychological and social changes. Adolescents need proper nutritional care not only to promote growth but also to maintain their optimum health and nutritional status. The major nutritional problems affecting adolescents are weight abnormalities and micronutrient deficiencies. Composite nutrimixes can be developed with millets to provide adequate energy, protein, iron, folic acid and other micronutrients. Hence, the present study entitled 'Standardisation and quality evaluation of millet based composite nutrimixes for adolescents' was carried out to \ develop composite nutrimixes using millets for adolescents and to evaluate organoleptic, nutritional and storage qualities. The study also aimed to assess the suitability of the nutrimixes for the preparation of different food products. Millet based composite nutrimixes were prepared from malted ragi flour (MRF) and malted bamyard millet flour (MBF) as major ingredients at different combinations. Twenty five per cent of the total ingredients were fixed as protein source (PS) (wheat flour-10 per cent, defatted soya flour-10 percent, skimmed milk powder - 5 per cent) and 5% sugar was also added in all treatments. The functional ingredients like garden cress seed powder (GCS) and flax seed powder (FSP) was incorporated separately at 5 per cent and 10 per cent level in different treatments. The organoleptic qualities and nutritional qualities were evaluated for 27 treatments of nutrimixes incorporated with garden cress seeds and flax seeds separately. Among various garden cress seed powder incorporated nutrimixes, the combination of 55%MRF+ 5%]V[BF+ 10%GCS was selected as the best nutrimix (Nutrimix-GCS) based on nutritional and organoleptic qualities. Similarly, among flax seed powder incorporated nutrimixes, the combination of 55%MRF-i- 10%MBF-i- 5%FSP was selected as the best treatment (Nutrimix- FSP). The selected millet based composite nutrimixes (GCS and FSP) were packed in laminated aluminium pouches and subjected to storage studies under ambient condition for a duration of four months. Chemical, nutritional, organoleptic and microbial qualities of stored nutrimixes were analysed initially and during second and fourth month of storage. The nutrimix-GCS contain 346.87 kcal of energy, 85.87g 100 g"' of starch, 63.37g 100 g"' of carbohydrate, 15.67g 100 g'^ of protein, 3.41g 100 g ' of fat and 5.87g 100 g"' of fibre. The nutrimix- FSP had 354.61 kcal of energy, 83.23g 100 g"' of starch, 62.83g 100 g"' of carbohydrate, 14.91g 100 g ' of protein, 4.85g lOOg 'of fatand7.81g 100 g ' of fibre. Nutrimix-GCS and nutrimix-FSP contain high amount of minerals like calcium (189.43 mg 100 g ' and 175.70 mg 100 g"'), iron (17.77 mg 100 g"' and 15.94 mg 100 g"'), zinc (3.26 mg 100 g ' and 3.80 mg 100 g ') and phosphorus (154.10 mg 100 g"' and 145.23 mg 100 g"'). In vitro starch digestibility of nutrimix-GCS and nutrimix-FSP was 96.17 per cent and 94.83 per cent respectively. In vitro digestibility of protein was 89.82 percent in nutrimix-GCS and 90.66 per cent in nutrimix-FSP. In vitro availability of calcium (76.50 % and 74 %), iron (73.83 % and 63.80 %), zinc (68.12 % and 68.66 %) and phosphorus (65.60 % and 63.23 %) was high in both nutrimixes. The total microbial count observed in both nutrimixes were within permissible limits till the end of storage. Peroxide value and insect infestation were not detected throughout the storage. In the present study, /adc/u, pakkoda and health drink were prepared by incorporating nutrimixes. These products were highly acceptable among adolescents (14-15years) and obtained a mean scores above 7 for all treatments. The developed nutrimixes (lOOg) will provide 12-14% of energy, 28-30% of protein, 23% of calcium, 55-65% of iron of the total daily requirement for adolescents. The nutrimixes were found to be suitable for the preparation of different food products. The nutrimixes were shelf stable up to 4 months of storage in laminated aluminum pouches. These nutrimixes can be utilized for combating micronutrient deficiencies among adolescents and can be popularised among vulnerable communities