Browsing by Author "Ramesh Singh"
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ThesisItem Open Access MANAGEMENT OF BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT OF BASMATI RICE VARIETY PB-1121 CAUSED BY XANTHOMONAS ORYZAE PV. ORYZAE WITH SOME AVAILABLE ANTIBIOTICS AND PLANT PRODUCTS(Sardar Vallabhbhi Patel Universiy of Agriculture And Technology Meerut (U.P.), 2015) Singh, Rahul; Ramesh Singh; Kamal Khilari, Prashant Mishra,Hem SinghRice (Oriza sativa L.) belongs to family Poaceae (Gramineae) and sub family Oryzoidea. Rice provides 21% of energy and 15% of protein requirements of human populations globally. In developing countries, it accounts 715 Kcal/capita/day. Rice is the major crop of Uttar Pradesh and grown in almost all the districts and contributes 13.5 % of total rice production in India. Among the rice varieties, Basmati verities of rice are attacked by no. of pathogens (fungi, bacteria, virus and nematodes etc.). Bacterial leaf blight is serious problems in basmati rice production. The disease is caused by the pathogens Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Bacterial Leaf Blight of rice posses two phase of disease symptoms i.e. (Kresek phase) wilting and (leaf blight) pale yellowing of leaves. Bacterial leaf blight occurs at all the growth stages of rice and is manifested by either leaf blight or “Kresek” symptoms. In present investigation antibiotics and secondary metabolites of higher plants were evaluate for their effectiveness in management of bacterial leaf blight. Among the used treatments, maximum plant height (67.23cm and 88.23cm) was found with T1 (oxytetracycline + copper ox chloride) after 20 and 40 days spray in compression to control (57.34 and 78.12cm) respectively. Maximum panicle length, panicle weight and percent increase yield was also recorded with T1 (oxytetracycline + copper oxychloride) as 27.63cm, 2.84g and 16.67% respectively. Disease intensity in different treatment was observed in range from 55.10% to 68.25%. Minimum disease intensity (55.10%) was observed with T1 whereas 67.50% disease intensity with T5 (spray of lemon grass oil). Maximum disease intensity (68.25%) was observed in control. These antibiotics and plant oil also tested in vitro to test their effecacy on growth of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae at 1%, 2% and 4% concentration. It was observed that bacterial leaf blight pathogen i.e. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. When treated with T1 (oxytetracycline + copper oxychloride) showed maximum inhibition zone 2.83cm, 3.33cm and 3.53cm at1%, 2% and 4% concentration respectively.ThesisItem Open Access MANAGEMENT OF YELLOW VEIN MOSAIC DISEASE OF OKRA AND STUDY OF VIRUS-VECTOR RELATIONSHIP(Sardar Vallabhbhi Patel Universiy of Agriculture And Technology Meerut (U.P.), 2015) VIKAS KUMAR; Ramesh Singh; Ramji Singh, Prashant Mishra,Hem SinghOkra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) is an important vegetable crop belongs to family Malvaceae. India is the largest producer of okra in the world with total area of 0.52 million hectares and production of 6.26 million tonnes green pods, whereas productivity of the crop is 12.1mt/ ha (Anonymous, 2012). Yellow Vein Mosaic (YVM) is the most important and destructive disease of okra and is a major constraint in okra production. The present investigations were carried out on “Management of yellow vein mosaic disease of okra and study of virus-vector relationship” during 2014-15. In pot experiments different level of vectors (whitefly) such as 1, 5, 9, 12, 15 and 20 were used to study the transmission of OYVMV. The single viruliferous white fly transmitted minimum (18.75% and 15.38%) disease in first and second experiment respectively, whereas maximum transmission (100%) was found with 20 viruliferous whiteflies which significantly increased transmission of OYVMV on test plant. The highest transmission percentage of OYVMV (75.00% and 76.96%) was found to be with 6 hrs acquisition feeding period on test plants in first and second experiment respectively. The lowest transmission percentage of OYVMV was recorded with 15 minutes acquisition feeding period. The highest susceptibility to virus was recorded (100%) in the 15 and 20 days old plants in both experiments and remaining plants were also found susceptible to OYVMV. In another experiment, the effect of plant leaf extracts (2.0%), bio agent (1.0%) and chemicals (0.1%) were found to be effective for reducing whiteflies population. The maximum number of decrease in whiteflies population were recorded after 7 and 14 days of spray using combination of Azadirachtin 0.03% + Imidacloprid 70 WG + Beuveria bassiana (5.33 and 5.67) and (3.67 and 4.00) in both experiments. The minimum number of whitefly decrease by Bhang extract (11.33 and 11.67) and (8.33 and 8.67) in both experiments, whereas untreated control was recorded with (17.00 and 18.00) white fly at 7 and 14 days after first spray and (18.67 and19.33) white fly at 7 and 14 days after second spray.ThesisItem Open Access Plant Density and Spatial Management of Lentil Mustard Intercropping System(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1998) Ramesh Singh; M. K. SinghProduction of pulses coupled with oilseeds needs to be enhanced to match the national requirement. It can be possible through Intercropping system to a considerable extent. Plant density and spatial arrangements are the two important facets of agronomic practices for minimizing the competition and maximizing yield advantages of intercropping system. Field experiment was conducted during winter season of 1995-96 on a sandy loam soil, acidic in reaction (pH 5.9), low in available N (213.24kg/ha) and medium in available P20s (37.35kg/ha) and K20 (179.0kg/ha) at the Birsa Agricultural University Farm, Ranchi to determine the compatible plant density and row arrangements of lentil mustard intercropping system for higher productivity. The treatments consisted of 9 combinations of lentil mustard inter cropping along with their respective sole cropping. The first 6 Intercrop systems were in additive series with 100 t lentil 25 and 5% mustard each grown in 3 ratio (2:1, 3:1 and 5:1) and the remaining 3 in replacement series where 33, 25 row and 17 lentil were replaced by mustard in the corresponding row ratio of 2:1, 3:1 and 5:1. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Intercropping of 100 % lentil 25 mustard and 832 lentil + 17 2 mustard each grown in 5:1 row ratio produced a bonus yield of mustard (424 and 324 kg/ha, respectively) without significant reduction in lentil yield (1273 and 1278 kg/ha, respectively) as compared to sole lentil (1453 kg/ha). Consequently both the systems had lentil equivalent yield 1713 and 1614 kg/ha, respectively because less competition and better compatibility leading to land equivalent ratio of of 1.27 and 1.18 and relative crowding coefficient of 4.52 and 3.08, respectively. However, Intercropping of 100 lentil 25 2 mustard grown in S:1 row ratio had significant ly higher energy use efficiency (6.12) through biomass with minimum specific energy requirement (4540 H3/tone) and maximum net return (Rs 18067/ha) and monetary advan tage (Rs 4771/ha).ThesisItem Open Access “Studies on management of dry root rot of chickpea caused by Rhizoctonia bataticola (Taub.) Butler”(SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT- 250110 (U.P.),, 2022-09) BIPIN YADAV; Ramesh SinghDEPARTMENT OF PLANT PATHOLOGY SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT- 250110 (U.P) Name: Bipin Yadav Advisor: Dr. Ramesh Singh Id. No: 4863 (Associate Professor) Degree: M.Sc. (Ag.) Plant Pathology Deptt. of Plant Pathology Thesis tittle: “Studies on management of dry root rot of chickpea caused by Rhizoctonia bataticola (Taub.) Butler” ABSTRACT Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the world‟s leading pulse crop. It is an important pulse crop with a wide distribution across the tropics, sub tropics and temperate region. It is rich in dietary proteins and good for human consumption; moreover, its ability to form nitrogen fixing nodules via interaction with rhizobia adds to its uniqueness. Chickpea crop is prone to many pest and diseases. Among them dry root rot of chickpea caused by Rhizoctonia bataticola is a serious emerging threat to chickpea. Rhizoctonia bataticola is a genus of anamorphic fungi in order Cantharellales and family Ceratobasidiaceace. Rhizoctonia species do not produce spores, but are composed of hyphae and sclerotia. Rhizoctonia species are saprophytic, but some act as facultative plant pathogens causing commercially important crop diseases. The characteristics symptoms include yellowing of leaves, dark lesion on the stem at ground level; sclerotial bodies are seen beneath of bark of affected portion (root) of plant. The present study was conducted with the objectives on the in vitro evaluation of some bio agents/botanical and fungicides against Rhizoctonia bataticola (Taub.) Butler and integrated management of disease in experimental field. Among all tested antagonists in vitro, maximum mycelial growth inhibition was recorded with Garlic clove extract @ 5% (76.06%) after 72 hours, followed by Pseudomonas florescence (67.25%) and Bacillus subtilis (60%). The cent per cent mycelial growth inhibition of Rhizoctonia bataticola was recorded with fungicides carbendazim at all concentration i.e. 0.005%, 0.010% and 0.015%. While tebuconazole inhibited the mycelial growth of pathogen 88.15 % at 0.015% concentration, followed by 87.22% and 83.89% at 0.010% and 0.005% concentrations after 72 hours of inoculation respectively. During field experiment lowest percent disease incidence (10.11%) was recorded in (T1) seed bio-priming with Pseudomonas florescence @10 g/kg seed, followed by (13.90%) in (T8) seed treatment with carbendazim @2g/kg seed and (15.10%) and also maximum yield were obtained from same treatments respectively. Hence, we can say garlic clove extract @5% are highly effective against pathogen and seed bio-priming have synergetic effect on reducing disease incidence increasing yield as well. (Advisor) (Author) RAMESH SINGH BIPIN YADAV