Browsing by Author "RAKESH KUMAR BEHERA"
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ThesisItem Open Access MANAGEMENT OF LEAF REDDENING IN Bt COTTON THROUGH FOLIAR NUTRITION(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES RAICHUR - 584 104, 2019-07-30) RAKESH KUMAR BEHERA; VEERESH HThe field experiment was conducted at the Main Agricultural Research Station, Raichur, Karnataka during the kharif 2018-19 with eight treatments replicated thrice in a completely randomized block design to assess the effect of conventional and multi-nutrient fertilizers on management of leaf reddening in Bt cotton. The results revealed that incidence of leaf reddening in Bt cotton was decreased significantly on application of RDF along with foliar spray of MgSO4 (1%) + 19:19:19 (1%) at flowering, boll initiation and boll development stages. Similarly, the extent of management of leaf reddening incidence was on par with the application of RDF along with foliar spray of laboratory prepared multi-nutrient Bio-mix solution @ 10 ml litre-1 at flowering, boll initiation and boll development stages. Therefore, the above treatments respectively recorded significantly higher seed cotton yields (3226 kg ha-1 & 3005 kg ha-1) over the other treatments. The quality parameters of cotton were also of high grade in these treatments. The foliar nutrition of Bt cotton helped in better management of leaf reddening as well as in meeting the nutritional demand of the crop at different physiological growth stages and thus a higher gross returns (Rs 1,74,222 ha-1), net returns (Rs 1,12,579 ha-1) and B:C (2.83) was achieved with treatment: RDF along with foliar spray of MgSO4 (1%) + 19:19:19 (1%) at flowering, boll initiation and boll development stage which was on par with the treatment: RDF along with foliar spray of Bio-mix @ 10 ml litre-1 at flowering, boll initiation and boll development stages. Finally, it can be concluded that leaf reddening in Bt cotton can be effectively managed and one can fetch higher returns through inclusion of foliar nutrition as a standard practice of crop nutrition in Bt cotton along with standard pest management and agronomic practices.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON SPREAD AND DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF FALL ARMYWORM, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) WITHIN THE MAIZE FIELD AND ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFICACY OF SEED TREATMENT FOR ITS MANAGEMENT(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2020-12-20) RAKESH KUMAR BEHERA; K. MURALI MOHANFall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) is a serious pest of maize all around the world. This pest also has been reported recently from India in 2018. The spread and distribution behaviour of the pest along with the efficacy of seed treatment for its management was estimated in the current study. Distribution of S. frugiperda larvae in the field followed both negative binomial and Poisson distribution. Negative binomial distribution was the best fit in case of early instar caterpillars whereas, the late instar caterpillars showed best fit towards random distribution. The distribution analysis in caged condition indicated the non-directional movement of S. frugiperda larvae. The larvae moved from artificially infested plant in different directions and maximum distance travelled was 1.5m.With regard to efficacy of seed treatment, maize seeds treated with diamides resulted in 100 per cent mortality of first and third instar caterpillars at 7 DAE in laboratory bioassays. Chlorantraniliprole 62.5 FS exhibited superior and long-lasting effect with 29.9 per cent and 24 per cent mortality of first and third instar larvae of S. frugiperda, respectively at 35 DAE. When insecticide treated seeds were sown in the field, the least leaf damage was observed in seed treatment with chlorantraniliprole 62.5 FS followed by cyantraniliprole 19.8% + thiamethoxam 19.8% FS. Spinetoram followed by chlorantraniliprole and emamectin benzoate were found effective in case of foliar spray. The present study revealed seed treatment with diamides as an economic and effective alternative to multiple insecticide sprays for the management of S. frugiperda.