Browsing by Author "Punyakumari, B"
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ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON BUFFALO FARM SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT AND VALUE ADDITION(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2014-08) KARTHIK, DUVVURU; Venkata Seshaiah, Ch(MAJOR); Suresh, J; Punyakumari, BABSTRACT: Proper waste management and subsequent value addition of the solid waste being generated from the huge buffalo stock is essential to make the dairy production operations economically viable and environmentally benign. Ten buffaloes stationed at Instructional Livestock Farm Complex (I.L.F.C), N.T.R College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram were randomly selected for the estimation of solid waste and its management and value addition in intensive system of rearing. The average dung produced per day by a buffalo weighing 400±50 Kg ranged from 19.05 to 26.75kg which was significantly (P<0.01) different due to variation in body weight among the buffaloes. The residual feed leftover by the buffaloes ranged from 0.56 to 0.72 kg per day. The average total solids (TS) and volatile solid (VS) % of buffalo dung was 20.56 ±0.48 and 78.37±0.38, respectively. Whereas the average total solids (TS) and volatile solid (VS) per cent of digested slurry was 9.05± 0.12 and 67.13± 0.61, respectively which was significantly (P<0.01) different. The decreased TS and VS per cent in the slurry might be due to dilution effect of the dung with water. The average pH of the buffalo dung and digested slurry was 7.8±0.04 and 7.9±0.03 which was not statistically significant. The buffalo dung samples collected before feeding in to the digester were 37.5, 50.0 and 50.0 per cent positive for Amphistome, Strongyle and Ascaris eggs, respectively and 72.5 per cent were positive for Balantidium coli cysts. However, no parasitic ova or cysts were observed in the digested slurry. The average number of colony forming units (106dilutions/gm) in the fresh dung and digested slurry were 145±0.94 and 2.65±0.29, respectively which was significantly (P<0.01) different. This might be due to anaerobic digestion in which the dung undergoes a characteristic thermophilic stage that allows sanitization of the dung by the elimination of pathogenic microorganisms. The average time (minutes) maintained the lighting and cooking 500g rice + lighting was 910.47±0.82 and 853.20±0.69 and 786.33±0.29 and 708.47±0.53 for floating and fixed dome digesters, respectively which was significantly (P<0.01) different between the digesters. The floating dome digester maintained the lighting 57 minutes more compared to the fixed dome digester. This might be due to heating of the stainless steel drum due to exposure to the sun resulting increased anaerobic fermentation and subsequent gas production. Semidried slurry weighing 25kg at 40% TS (equal to 50 kg fresh dung) mixed with 5kg dried leftover feed residue were used for the preparation of vermicompost. The average quantity of vermicompost obtained was 16.3 kg which is 54.33 per cent of the original substrate. The cost of 50 kg buffalo solid waste without value addition at present market price is around 25/-. However, after value addition of the same quantity through biogas production and subsequent vermicomposting of digested slurry an amount of 127/- may be earned which is 102/- more compared to traditional open composting of fresh buffalo dung. The present study indicated that anaerobic decomposition of the buffalo solid waste in floating dome digester and subsequent vermicomposting of the slurry obtained improved the economic viability of dairy farming besides protecting the environment.