Browsing by Author "Pramila"
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ThesisItem Open Access Cause effect relationship and genetic divergence study in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.](Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur (Bihar), 2018) Gupta, Ramesh Kumar; PramilaThe present investigation was carried out with twenty-seven genotypes of cowpea entitled "CAUSE-EFFECT RELATIONSHIP AND GENETIC DIVERGENCE STUDY IN COWPEA [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]” at Vegetable Research Farm of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar in Randomised Block Design with three replications during Zaid-2017. The quantitative traits under study were seed germination percentage, plant height, number of branches per plant, days to first flowering, first flowering node, number of nodes on main stem, peduncle length, number of pods per cluster, days to first picking, pod length, pod diameter, average pod weight, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, test weight, pod borer infestation percentage and pod yield per plant. Statistical analysis were carried out to study Analysis of variance, Genotypic and Phenotypic coefficient of variation, Heritability, Genetic advance, Correlation coefficient analysis, Path analysis and Genetic diversity. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the studied characters and also showed the presence of an ample amount of genetic variability among the genotypes. The phenotypic coefficient of variation was slightly higher than the corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation in magnitude. Indicating the role of genotype in the manifestation of these characters. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean were recorded for all the traits except seed germination percentage and days to first flowering, indicating the preponderance of additive gene action suggesting that selection in an early generation will be effective. Plant height, number of branches per plant, number of nodes on main stem, number of pods per cluster, pod length, average pod weight and number of pods per plant had given positive and significant correlation comprising their positive and direct effect with pod yield per plant. Suggesting that during the course of selection these traits may be considered as prime traits for enhancing the yield in cowpea. The maximum inter-cluster distance was recorded between cluster II and V so, to have the heterotic recombinant for the seed germination percentage, days to first flowering, pod length, average pod weight, number of seeds per pod, number of pods per cluster, peduncle length, and pod diameter, for all these traits, genotypes present in these clusters may be used in crossing.ThesisItem Open Access Estimation of heterosis and combining ability in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-01) Pramila; Kushwah, M.L.Present investigation was carried out during autumn winter season 2013-14 and 2014-15 at the Vegetable Research Centre of GBPUA&T, Pantnagar with 43 genotypes including 10 lines, 3 testers and 30 F1s of brinjal. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The observations were recorded for 12 characters viz. days to 50 % flowering, number of primary branches per plant, plant height (cm), fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (mm), number of marketable fruits per plant, weight of marketable fruits per plant (Kg), number of unmarketable fruits per plant, weight of unmarketable fruits per plant (Kg), total number of fruits per plant, total yield per plant (Kg) and total yield per hectare (q). The data were subjected to appropriate statistical analysis. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among genotypes for all the attributes under studied. High phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was recorded than their correspondent genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV). High PCV was observed for the character number of unmarketable fruits per plant, whereas high GCV was recorded for number of marketable fruits per plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was recorded for number of fruits per plant indicating importance of additive gene action controlling this character. Heterosis for total yield per hectare in pooled data, relative heterosis ranged from -30.98% to 159.36%, heterobeltiosis ranged from -35.93% to 157.67% and standard heterosis ranged from -25.21% to 116.59%. In case of days to 50% flowering, where negative heterosis is desirable PB71 × DBL02 and BB85 × DBL02 were most promising crosses for standard heterosis. The crosses Swarn Syamli × Pant Rituraj showed highest relative heterosis and heterobeltiosis, whereas the cross PB66 × Pant Samrat showed highest standard heterosis for total number of fruits per plant. With respect to weight of marketable fruit per plant and total yield per plant BRLVAR6 × Pant Rituraj showed highest for all the three type of heterosis, whereas SMB115 × DBL02 and PB66 × Pant Samrat were showed highest standard heterosis. As regards to standard heterosis, the hybrids SMB115 × DBL02, PB66 × Pant Samrat and IBWL2001-1 × Pant Rituraj were observed as promising hybrids for different yield characters. Variances due to testers were greater than variances due to lines for most of the characters. The estimates of gca effect indicated that PB71, BB85, PB66, Swarn Syamli and DBL02 were best general combiner for earliness (days to 50% flowering), whereas the best specific cross was BRLVAR6 × DBL02. For weight of marketable fruits per plant PB66, SMB115, LC7, BRLVAR6 were best general combiners and SMB115 × DBL02, PB66 × Pant Samrat and IBWL 2001-1 × Pant Rituraj were best specific combiners. Pant Rituraj was found best general combining effect for plant height, fruit diameter, weight of marketable fruits per plant, number of unmarketable fruits per plant, total yield per plant and total yield per hectare. Pant Samrat showed good gca effects for number of primary branches per plant, number of marketable fruits per plant, weight of unmarketable fruits per plant and total number of fruits per plant. DBL02 was recorded best general combiner for earliness and fruit length. SMB115 and PB 66 were best general combiners for most of the yield characters. SMB115 × DBL02, PB66 × Pant Samrat and IBWL2001-1 × Pant Rituraj were showed highest sca effect for most of the characters. Therefore, these cross combinations could be commercially exploited for higher yield.ThesisItem Open Access Genetic variation and character association studies in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)(DRPCAU, Pusa, 2020) A.B, Deepak; PramilaThe present study entitled “Genetic Variation and Character Association Studies in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)” was passed on “Vegetable Research Farm of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar”. The trail laid in randomized block design (RBD) strategy comprises three repetitions conducting thru kharif season 2019. The twenty-two genotypes of cucumber were studied for thirteen quantitative traits including fruit yield per plant. The result enclosed that ANOVA marked a wide range of significant variances amongst twenty-two genotypes aimed on thirteen quantifiable characters. The (PCV) phenotypic coefficient of variation noted slightly greater than equivalent (GCV) genotypic coefficient of variation which representing a role of genotypes in manifestation of studied traits. The greater heritability attached with greater (GA) genetic advance (percent of mean) were detected for the node number at which first female flower appeared, fruit length, fruit diameter, inter nodal length, average fruit weight, fruit yield, number of primary branches as well as vine length at final harvest. Selection on these studied traits in an early generation will be effective in crop improvement program. The traits such as average fruit weight then the number of fruits per plant unveiled significant as well as positively correlated thru the fruit yield per plant encompassing its higher and direct positive outcome while, number of primary branches per plant and fruit diameter also shown positive as well as significant correlation coefficient thru the fruit yield per plant comprising high and positively indirect correlation via number of fruits per plant as well as average fruit weight, suggesting that during course of selection emphasis should be given to number of fruits and average fruit weight traits toward enhance the fruit yield per plant of cucumber. The placement of genotypes in the different cluster does not have any geographical similarity except cluster IV suggesting that the genotypes belonging in one cluster having genetical similarity. Among the five clusters a maximum inter-cluster performance was exhibited among cluster number IV in addition cluster number V fallowed by cluster number II as well as cluster number V. Since a maximum cluster mean of yield contributing traits such as number of primary branches, fruit diameter, average fruit weight then number of fruit per plant was observed in cluster number II as well as greater cluster performance marked in cluster number II then cluster number V. thus, inter crossing between the genotypes fitting to cluster number II as well as cluster number V was suggesting to advance maximum yielding recombinants.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on genetic variability and character association in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)(DRPCAU, Pusa, 2020) Chopdar, Ramdhan; PramilaThe present study was carried out at Vegetable Research farm of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar during Rainy Season 2019 using thirty one brinjal genotypes including the check, Utkal Jyoti in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The observations were recorded on eighteen putative characters that include both qualitative and quantitative indicate namely, plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, days to 50% flowering, days to first harvesting, fruit length (cm), fruit width (cm), fruit pedicel length (cm), number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight (g), fruit yield per plant (kg), total soluble solids (ᴼBrix), phenol content (mg/100g), long styled flower (%), medium styled flower (%), short styled flower (%) and pseudo-short styled flower (%). The different statistical parameters used for interpretation of data were Analysis of Variance, Genotypic and Phenotypic Variance, Genotypic and Phenotypic coefficient of Variance, Heritability, Genetic Advance, Correlation Coefficient Analysis, Path Coefficient Analysis and Genetic Diversity to study nature and magnitude of variability and diversity. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant difference among thirty one genotypes of brinjal for all the eighteen characters from the variability studies. High estimates of PCV were observed for traits phenol content, marketable fruit yield per plant, fruit yield per plant, pseudo-short styled flower, average fruit weight, short style flower, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, unmarketable fruit yield per plant, fruit width and medium style flower whereas moderate GCV and PCV were recorded for fruit pedicle length, long style flower, number of primary branches, days to 50% flowering, plant height and TSS. In present set of materials high heritability with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for phenol content, fruit length, average fruit weight, fruit pedicle length, fruit width, days to 50% flowering, number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant, marketable fruit yield per plant, pseudo-short styled flower and unmarketable fruit yield per plant indicating preponderance of additive gene effect, which will facilitate selection in early segregating generation. Traits like marketable fruit yield per plant, unmarketable fruit yield per plant, average fruit weight, number of fruits per plant and fruit width showed significant positive correlation with fruit yield per plant and have positive direct effect at phenotypic level indicating the importance of these characters for further yield improvement. Path analysis revealed traits like number of fruit per plant, average fruit weight, marketable fruit yield per plant and unmarketable fruit yield per had positive direct effect as well fruit length and long style flower percent had indirect effect on fruit yield per plant at phenotypic level. Thirty one genotypes of brinjal were grouped into 6 clusters using Tocher’s clustering method. Cluster I had maximum twelve genotypes, cluster II, III, IV, V and VI each had three, three, one, four and eight genotypes respectively. Highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II and cluster V followed by between cluster IV and cluster V. Highest intra cluster distance was observed in cluster VI followed by cluster I, Cluster III showed higher mean performance for most of the yield attributing characters therefore, selection of parents from this cluster would be effective. Phenol content and pseudo-short style flower were major characters contributing towards genetic divergence. This shows that variability in the genotypes is only due to these characters which will offer a good scope for improvement of yield through rational selection of parental genotypes. Based on the result of all major parameter including qualitative and quantitative indices under present investigation, genotype Utkal Jyoti, Swarna Shyamly and Neelum Long appeared to the outstanding performs.