Browsing by Author "Parveen Kumari"
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ThesisItem Open Access Dissipation kinetics of pyriproxyfen in chilli (Capsicum annum L.) and soil(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-02) Parveen Kumari; Duhan, AnilPyriproxyfen, 2-[1-methyl-2-(4-phenoxyphenoxy)ethoxy] pyridine, is a novel broad spectrum insecticide. Dissipation of pyriproxyfen in chilli, soil and effects of washing on reduction of residues in chilli fruits were observed under field and lab conditions. Pyriproxyfen efficacy against honey bees, its leaching potential under continuous flow condition and the dissipation behaviour of its different metabolites formed in soil under field conditions was also studied. Field experiment was carried out in Research field of Department of vegetable Science, and lab study was performed in Agrochemicals Residues Testing Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University. Pyriproxyfen (Lano 10 EC) was applied on chilli crop and soil at two doses i.e., 100 (T1) and 200 (T2) g a.i./ha. Chilli and soil samples were collected periodically on 0 (2h), 1, 3, 7, 10, 15, 30 and 45 days after application. Various sample preparation techniques i.e. QuEChERS, Liquid-solid extraction (LSE) and Matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) were optimized for chilli and soil at different fortification levels (0.005-0.1 μg/g). Maximum recoveries (83.1 to 104.8%) for chilli were obtained using LSE, In soil, MSPD revealed 94.2 to 104.3% recoveries. The test samples were analysed over GC-MS/MS. A first order dissipation kinetics was followed with half-lives ranged from 4.7 to 8.1 days in chilli treated with pyriproxyfen under field and lab conditions and from 3.7 to 8.2 days in soil at two doses. The residues reached below MRL value (0.02 mg/kg) on 45 day in chilli under both conditions. In case of soil residues were below detection limit on 45 day in field samples and on 60 day in lab samples. Average reduction in residues due to washing was in the range of 54-56% under field conditions and 35-47% under lab conditions. Residues in wash water were ranged from 0.077 to 0.158 μg/mL in T1 and 0.091 to 0.316 μg/mL in T2 application under field conditions and 0.041 to 0.138 μg/mL in T1 and 0.066 to 0.337 μg/mL in T2 under lab conditions, respectively. During this study, six metabolites of pyriproxyfen were observed in soil namely 4-OH-PYR (A), POP (C), POPA (E), 4-OH-POPA (F), PYPA (G) and PYPAC (H). Dissipation study of the metabolites revealed their appearance on the day of pyriproxyfen application, reached to maximum concentration on 1 DAA in soil. All the metabolites except 4-OH-PYR persisted for more than 30 days in soil with half-lives ranged from 2.6 to 30 days. Higher dose was significantly more detrimental to honey bees. Leaching study do not showed any leaching potential of pyriproxyfen and almost whole of applied pyriproxyfen was retained within 0-5 cm soil depth.ThesisItem Open Access Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of leaves, bark and seeds of chinese rain tree (Koelreuteria elegans)(CCSHAU, 2016) Parveen Kumari; Khabiruddin, M.The present study was undertaken for phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of bark, leaves and seeds of Chinese rain tree (Koelreuteria elegans). The plant materials were collected from the university campus CCS, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. After cleaning, these were dried in shade and ground to fine powdered form. Ash content, crude fibre, crude protein, carbohydrates, energy value and minerals (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe), analysed in the seeds, were found to be 1.3±0.1 %, 10.3±0.6 %, 19.5±0.6 %, 36.8±1.5 %, 627.3±6.6 KJ/100g respectively and Zn content was found to be 55.0±1.4 ppm, Cu content was 175.0±3.5 ppm, Mn content was 606.0±28.3 ppm and Fe content was 519.0±16.5 ppm. Moisture content and oil content were 7.1±0.2 % and 25.0±0.2 % respectively. Peroxide value, iodine value, saponification value, unsaponifiable matter and free fatty acids in the seed oil, were found to be 1.8±0.1 meq/kg, 90.9±1.2 g of I2/100 g oil, 198.1±0.2 mg/g KOH, 4.3±0.1 % and 1.2±0.02 as % oleic acid. Total phenols, total carotenoids and total tocopherol in the oil were found to be 2.8±0.04 mg GAE/g, 15.1±0.3 mg/kg and 34.7±1.8 mg/100g respectively. Total flavonoids were in traces. The fatty acid composition of the oil was found as palmitic acid (4.9±0.2 %), oleic acid (22.8±0.1 %), linoleic acid (9.7±0.2 %), arachidic acid (54.8±0.2 %) and behanic acid (1.3±0.1 %). Total phenols in methanol extract of bark, leaves and seed cake were found to be 99.3±1.2 mg GAE/g, 109.1±2.5 mg GAE/g and 60.0±0.1 mg GAE/g respectively. Total flavonoids in the methanol extract of bark, leaves and cake were found to be 26.9±0.4 mg CAE/g, 36.3±0.2 mg CAE/g and 10.0±0.06 mg CAE/g respectively. Antioxidant activity of the extracts were determined by DPPH free radical scavenging method and was found to be 96 % at conc. of 0.06 mg/ml in the bark extract and 95 % at conc. of 0.07 mg/ml in the leaf extract and 93 % at conc. of 0.07 mg/ml in the seed cake extract respectively. EC50 was 0.023±0.002 mg/ml for bark extract, 0.022±0.002 mg/ml for leaf extract and 0.025±0.01 mg/ml for the seed cake extract respectively.ThesisItem Open Access Socioeconomic Appraisal and Carbon Sequestration Potential of Prevalent Agroforestry Systems in Baijnath Tehsil of District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh(College of Horticulture and Forestry Dr YSP UHF, Neri, Hamirpur(H.P.), 2024-02-12) Parveen Kumari; Kaler, Navjot SinghThe present study entitled “Socioeconomic Appraisal and Carbon Sequestration Potential of Prevalent Agroforestry Systems in Baijnath Tehsil of District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh” was conducted during the year 2022-2023. The study area lies between: 32° 04’ 24” to 32° 05’ 52" N latitude and 76° 63’ 68" to 76° 72’ 60" E longitude with an elevation ranging from 998 to 1525 m amsl. The study area was selected purposely in which ten panchayats were taken randomly. From each selected panchayat, farmers were divided into three different categories on the basis of their land holdings as per classification of Government of Himachal Pradesh i.e. marginal (<1 ha), small (1-2 ha) and medium (2-5 ha). A random selection of five farmers from each category was taken as the ultimate unit of study. Socioeconomic status of farmers were assessed by taking into consideration their family structure, sex- ratio, educational status of the family members, livestock status, off-farm employment status and land holding size. The average family size was 5.26 individuals per family and literacy rate was recorded 89.30% which was found higher than the overall literacy rate (82.80%) of Himachal Pradesh. The study revealed that six types of agroforestry systems were practiced by the farmers in the study area namely viz., Agrisilviculture (AS), Agrisilvihorticulture (ASH),Agrihorticulture (AH), Agrisilvipastoral (ASP), Silvipastoral (SP) and Pastoralsilviculture (PS). The primary agriculture crops grown were Triticum aestivum, Solanum tuberosum, Brassica rapa, Allium sativum, Brassica oleracea, etc. during rabi season and Oryza sativa, Zeya mays, Abelmoschus exculentus, Glycine max, Solanum lycopersicum, Capsicum annuum, Curcuma longa etc. were grown during kharif season in the study area. The predominated forest and fruit trees were Celtis australis, Morus alba, Grewia optiva, Ficus palmata, Prunus cerasoides, Bauhinia variegata, Toona ciliata, Mangifera indica, Litchi chinensis, Psidium guajava, Juglans regia, Citus limon, Prunus persica etc. were found in the study area. The highest total biomass (25.28 t ha-1), carbon sequestration (11.37 t ha-1), net returns (1 ,59,354.9 ₹ ha-1yr-1) and B:C ratio(2.21) were obtained under Agrisilvihorticulture (ASH) system whereas, total biomass (11.80 t ha-1), carbon sequestration (6.21 t ha-1), net returns (6163.75 ₹ ha-1yr-1) and B:C ratio (1.78) were found lowest under Pastoralsilviculture (PS) system, respectively. From the above study it is concluded that Agrisilvihorticulture system was found more profitable system and recommended to the farmers of study area. This research work provides a clear picture of the biomass, carbon and economic analysis of prevalent agroforestry systems and acts as a tool for policy makers, researchers, and students to comprehend the agroforestry systems of the study area in order to develop technologies and make improvements that will enable the local farmers to meet their basic needs and get past hurdles.