Browsing by Author "Pandey, Dheeraj"
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ThesisItem Open Access Circular patch partial and slotted ground with rectangular CSRR metamaterial antenna for wireless application(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-08) Pandey, Dheeraj; Paras;Antenna is the eminent part of wireless communication. As the requirements of wireless devices increasing day by day like Bluetooth devices, radio frequency devices and size of such devices decreasing accordingly. To meet the requirement of small size devices antenna need to be compact and single antenna can be used for several applications, without affecting the antenna parameters. Metamaterial, having the properties beyond that of normal material are used to enhance antenna parameters such as providing wider bandwidth, high gain and miniaturization of antenna, according to the device requirement. Proposed antenna is designed in the substrate size of 35×30 𝑚𝑚2 with height of 1.6mm. FR-4 epoxy substrate having permittivity of 4.4 and loss tangent of .02 is used. Rectangular CSRR structure on circular patch is used get metamaterial properties and better result in less antenna size. Ground size is reduced and slots are cut on both patch as well as ground plane to increase the bandwidth. Proposed antenna is simulated using Ansoft HFSS software, fabricated in PCB designing machine and tested using VNA. Proposed antenna resonates in 2.85-11.4 GHz and 16.35-19.5 GHz frequency bands with the bandwidth of 8.55 GHz and 3.15 GHz having gain above 2.73dB and efficiency above 90% throughout the entire frequency range. Proposed antenna has applications in WLAN, WiMAX, satellite and radar communication.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of organic manures on productivity and quality of wheat(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-08) Pandey, Dheeraj; Pandey, D.S.The field experiment was conducted during rabi seasons of 2003-04 and 2004-05 at Crop Research Centre, G.B.P.U.A. &T., Pantnagar to study the effect of organic fertilizers on quality and productivity of wheat grain.( PBW 343). The soil was silty clay loam, medium in available N, P, K and S with 0.67% in organic carbon and with a pH of 7.2. The treatments consisted of 125 per cent, 100 per cent, 75 per cent, and 50 percent of recommended nitrogen through three organic sources, i.e. FYM, vermicompost and neemax. Recommended NPK through inorganic sources and control where no fertilizer was added were also kept for comparison. Among the three organic sources, 125% of recommended N supplied through FYM recorded maximum yield (35.92q/ha) in first year and in the second year, the treatment wherein 125% of recommended N is supplied through vermicompost, yielded highest (34.34q/ha). Both were found significantly higher than the yield recorded in the neemax treatments. The maximum grain yield though was obtained in the treatment comprising of inorganic fertilizers. All the yield attributes were found to be better in FYM and vermicompost treatments than neemax.Each successive increase in the dose of nitrogen applied through different sources brought about significant increase in nitrogen content in grain. Among the organic sources, application of vermicompost was found to be better as compared to the nitrogen applied through FYM. Crop fertilized with 125% of recommended nitrogen through vermicompost (T5) recorded maximum value of protein content in grain during both the years. This was at par with T13, T6 and T7 during first year and T6 and T13 during second year, but had significantly higher protein content in grain than all other treatments during both the years, whereas lowest value was recorded in control plot (T15) during both the years. Application of recommended source of NPK through inorganic source recorded significantly higher protein yield (566 kg/ha and 532 kg/ha) than all other treatments during first and second year respectively, whereas among the organic treatments application of 125% of recommended N through vermicompost recorded maximum value of protein yield. The cost of cultivation was highest in case of treatment where 125% of recommended N dose was applied through FYM. Gross return was highest where the recommended N dose was supplied through inorganic sources. Maximum net return was recorded in the inorganic treatment (T13).