Browsing by Author "Panda, D.K."
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ThesisItem Open Access LONG-TERM RAINFALL AND TEMPERATURE TREND IN CHHATTISGARH AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH MAJOR CLIMATE MODES(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidhyalaya, Raipur, 2017) Thakur, Homesh Singh; Lakhera, M.L.; Panda, D.K.; Chandrakar, G.; Awasthi, H.K.; iAn attempt has been made in this study to examine the following objectives. To investigate the trends in rainfall and temperature of Chhattisgarh from the beginning of the 20th century. To identify the spatio-temporal linkages with the large circulation modes. The present study was conducted in 16 districts of Chhattisgarh as it is formed in Nov. 1st 2000. Chhattisgarh is an agriculture based state and approximately 60% of agriculture is heavily dependent on natural factors such as rainfall and temperature. Chhattisgarh is in central part of India which is also as in land locked situation. The temperature and rainfall trends are analyzed for meteorological data of 16 districts of Chhattisgarh over 102 yearsbetween 1901-2002. The long term change in temperature and rainfall has been assesses by trend analysis. The trend in mean maximum temperature (MMAX), mean minimum temperature (MMIN) and total mean rainfall (TMRF) with separate season as Monsoon, Pre-monsoon and Post-monsoon are confirmed by the Mann-Kendall trend test. It is observed that districts Dantewada, Bastar and Kanker showed highest significant trend mean minimum (MMIN) and mean maximum (MMAX) temperature for the 20th century in present study. District Dantewada showed highest increasing trend as 0.9897° C for the last century known as 20th century duration at (1901-2002). According to Intergovernmental panel on climatic change (IPCC,[5]) reports, the surface temperature of the earth has risen by 0.6_+ 0.2°C over the 20thcentury. Also the last 50 years, the rise in temperature has 0.13+_0.07°C per decade. As the warming depends on emission of GHGs in the atmosphere, the IPCC has projected awarming about 0.2°C per decade. The highest decreasing precipitation showed by Koriya -109.36mm for last 20th century. Not only Koriya all other 15 districts also showed decreasing trend. Chhattisgarh state is in decreasing precipitation pattern which expected to adversely affect its natural resources, forestry, agriculture and extreme events. Overall mean maximum (MMAX) and mean minimum (MMIN) temperature showed increasing trend which is statistically significant at 5% level of significance whereas total mean rainfall (TMRF) showed decreasing trend which is also statistically significant at 5% level of significanceThesisItem Open Access SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF RAINFALL PATTERN IN THE PARENTAL DISTRICTS OF CHHATTISGARH STATE(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), 2021) Xalxo, Anshu Lata; Das, G.K.; Panda, D.K.; Puranik, H.V.; Chandrakar, D.K.; Ramole, S.The present study entitled "Spatial and temporal variability of rainfall pattern in the parental districts of Chhattisgarh state" was conducted at Indian Institutions of Water Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha during 2019-2020. The district-wise long term weather data (1981-2018) was collected from Department of Agrometeorology, IGKV, Raipur.The 18 parental districts were selected for study i.e.Baster, Bilaspur, Dantewara, Dhamtari, Durg, Janjgir-Champa, Jaspurnagar, Kanker, Korba, Koriya, Kowardha, Mahasamund, Raigarh, Raipur, Rajnandgaon, Surguja, Bijapur, Narayanpur.To fullfill the objectives of present investigation long term daily data (from 1981-2018) was used,which was averaged on monthly, annual and seasonal basis as per need of Mann-Kendall test and linear graphmethod of Ms-Excel.To quantify the rainfall distribution pattern and the rainfall concentration across the statedistrict wise“Seasonality Index” and “Precipitation Concentration Index”on seasonal and annual basiswere workout with the help of formula given by Walsh and Lawler (1981) and Oliver (1980).Based on trend analysis it was reported that Dantewada and Mahasamund districts recorded significant increasing trend of rainfall at the rate of 8.3mm and 8.9mm per year respectively whereas, the districts Korba, Jashpur-Nagar and Kabirdham showed significant decreasing trend of rainfall at the rate of 8.3mm,16.3mm and1.9mm per year. The SeasonalityIndex wasworkedout on annual basisindicates that the maximum districts falls in the range of 1.0-1.19 means those all districts received major portion of rainfall during 1 to 3 months in the year, where in Kanker, Raipur and Mahasamund districts reported maximum value of Seasonality Index i.e.1.20, 1.27and 1.25 respectively. It indicates that in these districts rainfall occur during 1 to 2 months. The lowestSeasonality Indexvalue was reported in Baster and Narayanpur i.e.1.05 and 1.06. It indicates that in these districts rainfall occur during 1 to 3 months.The outcome of Seasonality Index carried out on south-west monsoon basis indicatesthat the value was in the range of 0.33 to 0.39 in almost all districts meansthat the rainfall spread throughout the season but with a period of definite wetter season in which the highest value was 0.48 in Korba district means in this districts the distribution of rainfall was concentrated in throughout the season but they might be short-drier period. xvTheresult of Precipitation Concentration Index reported that entire parental districts falls under strong irregular distribution of rainfall that is in the range of 28 to 31.2it means they received rainfall with high concentration in the year. WhileDurg and Mahasamund districts reported the maximum values of Precipitation Concentration Index i.e.31.2 and 28 where as the minimum value was associated in Baster and Narayanpur i.e.21 and 23 respectively.Precipitation Concentration Index was computed on the basis of south-west monsoon indicates that its value range in between 9.6 to 10.49. The maximum value of Precipitation Concentration Index was10.49 in the Janjgir-Champa district means there was moderated precipitation concentration in the season. The minimum value as Precipitation Concentration Index was 9.6 in Baster district indicates there was uniform precipitation concentration of rainfall in the season.ThesisItem Open Access SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF RAINFALL PATTERN IN THE PARENTAL DISTRICTS OF CHHATTISGARH STATE(Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), 2021) Xalxo, Anshu Lata; Das, G.K.; Panda, D.K.; Puranik, H.V.; Chandrakar, D.K.; Ramole, S.The present study entitled " Spatial and temporal variability of rainfall pattern in the parental districts of Chhattisgarh state" was conducted at Indian Institutions of Water Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha during 2019-2020. The district-wise long term weather data (1981-2018) was collected from Department of Agrometeorology, IGKV, Raipur.The 18 parental districts were selected for study i.e.Baster, Bilaspur, Dantewara, Dhamtari, Durg, Janjgir-Champa, Jaspurnagar, Kanker, Korba, Koriya, Kowardha, Mahasamund, Raigarh, Raipur, Rajnandgaon, Surguja, Bijapur, Narayanpur.To fullfill the objectives of present investigation long term daily data (from 1981-2018) was used,which was averaged on monthly, annual and seasonal basis as per need of Mann-Kendall test and linear graphmethod of Ms-Excel.To quantify the rainfall distribution pattern and the rainfall concentration across the statedistrict wise“Seasonality Index” and “Precipitation Concentration Index”on seasonal and annual basiswere workout with the help of formula given by Walsh and Lawler (1981) and Oliver (1980).Based on trend analysis it was reported that Dantewada and Mahasamund districts recorded significant increasing trend of rainfall at the rate of 8.3mm and 8.9mm per year respectively whereas, the districts Korba, Jashpur-Nagar and Kabirdham showed significant decreasing trend of rainfall at the rate of 8.3mm,16.3mm and1.9mm per year. The SeasonalityIndex wasworkedout on annual basisindicates that the maximum districts falls in the range of 1.0-1.19 means those all districts received major portion of rainfall during 1 to 3 months in the year, where in Kanker, Raipur and Mahasamund districts reported maximum value of Seasonality Index i.e.1.20, 1.27and 1.25 respectively. It indicates that in these districts rainfall occur during 1 to 2 months. The lowestSeasonality Indexvalue was reported in Baster and Narayanpur i.e.1.05 and 1.06. It indicates that in these districts rainfall occur during 1 to 3 months.The outcome of Seasonality Index carried out on south-west monsoon basis indicatesthat the value was in the range of 0.33 to 0.39 in almost all districts meansthat the rainfall spread throughout the season but with a period of definite wetter season in which the highest value was 0.48 in Korba district means in this districts the distribution of rainfall was concentrated in throughout the season but they might be short-drier period. xvTheresult of Precipitation Concentration Index reported that entire parental districts falls under strong irregular distribution of rainfall that is in the range of 28 to 31.2it means they received rainfall with high concentration in the year. WhileDurg and Mahasamund districts reported the maximum values of Precipitation Concentration Index i.e.31.2 and 28 where as the minimum value was associated in Baster and Narayanpur i.e.21 and 23 respectively.Precipitation Concentration Index was computed on the basis of south-west monsoon indicates that its value range in between 9.6 to 10.49. The maximum value of Precipitation Concentration Index was10.49 in the Janjgir-Champa district means there was moderated precipitation concentration in the season. The minimum value as Precipitation Concentration Index was 9.6 in Baster district indicates there was uniform precipitation concentration of rainfall in the season.