Browsing by Author "Palanisammi, A"
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ArticleItem Open Access ANALYSIS OF ß-CASEIN GENE FOR A1 AND A2 GENOTYPE USING ALELE SPECIFIC PCR IN KANGEY AM AND HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN CROSSBRED CATTLE IN TAMIL NADU NADU(TANUVAS, 2014-07) Malarmathi, M; Senthil Kumar, TMA; Parthiban, M; Muthuramalingam, T; Palanisammi, A; TANUVASMilk is the one of the most important protein diet to the human population. However, in last few decades, presence of A1 b casein in milk was associated with important issues associated with range of illnesses in human being. In this study a total of 85 cattle blood samples (Kangeyam and HF crossbred) were analysed for A1 b casein gene based on AS-PCR. A1/A2 genotype frequency data indicated that 37% were A2 homozygous (A2A2), 17% were A1 homozygous (A1A1) and 46% heterozygous (A1A2) in HF cross bred cattle. The pure Kangeyam (Bos indicus) cattle breed had only A2 gene and showed only A2A2 genotype, which produce safer A2 milk for the human consumption. The Holstein Friesian cross breed animal also showed mostly of A2 gene (0.595).ArticleItem Open Access Bovine prenatal sex determination using cell free fetal nucleic acid present in maternal plasma(2016-07) Malarmathi, M; Vadivoo, VS; Muthuramalingam, T; Senthil Kumar, TMA; Palanisammi, A; TANUVASCirculating Nucleic acids (CNAs) are extracellular or cell free nucleic acids which circulate in the bloodstream of healthy pregnant animals. The presence of CNAs in maternal plasma offers the non-invasive prenatal diagnoses of pregnancy associated disorders and also gives opportunities to detect prenatal sex using circulating fetal Y chromosome specific nucleic acid sequence. The present study was done to detect any significant difference in the level of CNAs in the plasma of pregnant (n=27) and non-pregnant (n=3) and recently calved (n= 11) Indian cross bred cows on different gestation stage. Plasma CNAs concentration ranged between 3 to 9.4 ng/μl in pregnant cows which was significantly higher (p<0.001) than non-pregnant cows (0.54 ng/μl). PCR amplification of SRY and AMEL gene were used to detect fetal sex using cfDNA. qRT-PCR assay was also used to confirm the presence of fetal RNA in the maternal blood based on SRY gene. PCR based prenatal fetal sex determination showed 80 per cent sensitivity, 100 per cent specificity and 88.89 percent accuracy, whereas qRT-PCR based assay showed 93.33 percent, 100 per cent and 96.29 per cent sensitivity, specificity and accuracy respectively.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF COMPUTATIONALLY OPTIMIZED BROADLY REACTING NUCLEOPROTEIN ON IMMUNE RESPONSE TO AVIAN INFECTIOUS BRON CHITIS VIRUS(TANUVAS, 2016) Priyadarshini Swain, Priyaka; Raja, A; TANUVAS; Kumanan, K; Palanisammi, ARecent concerning facts of lBV; at Coronaviridae family Gammacorona virus has proved as a major pathogen which threatens the poultry industry, and causes piles of economic losses worldwide due to loss of productive performance of both egg and meat-type chickens. The virus causes mainly respiratory, reproductive and renal diseases in chicken. Despite intensive vaccination efforts using attenuated live and killed vaccines to prevent the disease, outbreaks of IB still occur frequently because of infections with emerging field strains that differ serologically from vaccine strains. Hence, IBV vaccines must induce broad protection against different IBV serotypes for wider acceptance by poultry industry.ArticleItem Open Access Evaluation of Sperm Viability and Acrosomal Integrity by Flow Cytometry Analysis in Jersey Crossbred Bulls(Excellent Publishers, 2017-10) Rajaram, V; Palanisammi, A; Maroudam, V; Sivaselvam, SN; Kumanan, K; TANUVASFlow cytometry based evaluation of sperm parameters is advantageous over the traditional microscope based evaluation. Many sperm parameters can be measured within short time period and with high accuracy. For this study, semen from six Jersey crossbred bull were collected. Semen parameters like sperm for viability and acrosomal integrity were analyzed by flow cytometry. Sperm for viability measured by the propidium iodide staining indicated that Bull No: 3 have the highest number of viable spermatozoa with 82.89 per cent followed by 82.18, 80.26, 79.43, 75.20 and 70.73 for Bull No: 1, 5, 2, 6 and 4 respectively. Acrosomal integrity of the sperm sample were determined by fluorescein isothiocynate (FITC) labelled with Peanut agglutinin (PNA) staining. The percentage of viable sperm, non-viable sperm, viable intact sperm, viable damage sperm and viable damage and non-viable sperm was ranged from 75.12 to 82.28, 17.72 to 30.66, 58.55 to 78.48, 3.80 to 10.80 and 21.52 to 41.45 respectively. Chi’s square analysis of the semen samples indicated that there was a significant difference among bulls with respect to both the sperm viability and acrosomal integrity (P<0.01).ArticleItem Open Access Expression of pluripotency markers in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) embryonic stem cell like cells(2020) Palanisammi, A; Satheshkumar, S; Vinoth, M, et al.,; TANUVASThe objective of present study was to culture and characterize the buffalo embryonic stem cell-like cells (BESC) for their pluripotency by analysing Oct-4 and TRA-1-81 markers. Blastomeres from two, four, eight, sixteen, morula and blastocyst of in-vitro produced buffalo preimplantation embryos were derived and were seeded on mitomycin inactivated buffalo foetal fibroblasts feeder layer and cultured. The cultured blastomeres were monitored colony formation. The colonies exhibiting typical morphological features of BESC were subcultured. Marker expressions were tested on passages 1, 2, 3 and 4 by RTPCR, immune-cytochemistry and flowcytometric analysis. RT-PCR study revealed that expression of Oct-4 progressively declined with subsequent passages. The BESC strongly reacted with TRA-1-81 antibodies. In flowcytometry, the cells expressing TRA-1-81 in the first passage and second passage were 98.03±0.03 per cent and 97.13±0.07 per cent respectively. However, in the third and fourth passages the expression levels were reduced to 12.11±0.04 and 4.21±0.09 per cent respectively. Thus the study proved that cultured BESC had pluripotency characters and from third passage they started differentiation process.ThesisItem Open Access Expression of Pluripotency Related Marker in Buffalo (Bubalus bualis) Embryonic Cells(TANUVAS, 2011) Vinoth, M; TANUVAS; Palanisammi, A; Kumanan, K; Balasubramanian, SThesisItem Open Access MOLECULAR IQENTIFICATION OF VIBRIO PARAHA EMOLYTICUS AND ITS PATHOBIOLOGY IN PARTIFIC WHITE SHRIMP LITOPENAEUS VANNAMLI(TANUVAS, 2016) Ananda Raja, R; TANUVAS; Sridhar, R; Balachandran, C; Palanisammi, A; Ramesh, SActive surveillance conducted in 37 Litopenaeus vannamei farms in Kancheepuram and Thiruvallur districts, Tamil Nadu during August 2014 to February 2015 showed disease outbreaks in 40.6 and 13,5 per cent of the farms, respectively. There was 48.6 per cent vibriosis outbreaks with 20 to 100 per cent mortality between 20 and 80 days of culture (DOC) in shrimp farms infected with V. parahaemolyricus (VP). No vibriosis was observed in farms maintained by the young farmers of 26-35 years, freshwater ponds and the ponds aged less than 5 years. Vibriosis outbreaks were more among the non-graduate maintained farms (43.2%), the ponds sized less than l ha (43.2%), the farms without reservoirs (43.2%), ponds within 4 km from the sea and within 300 meters from the creek (48.6%), farms having same inlet and outlet for water intake and drainage (46%), stocking density more than 30 PLs per m2 (43.2%), unorganized and unapproved farms (43.2%), water drained without chlorination (45.9%), the Zero water exchange system (32.4%), storing feed more than 10 days at farm site (45.9%), farmers doing feeding regulations on their own (43.2%), and no bio-security (48.6%). Vibriosis led to a net loss of Rs. 478,377/- per ha from diseased ponds.ArticleItem Open Access Nitrite Poisoning in Kilakaraisal and Vembur Sheep – A Case study(2020-07) Suresh Kumar, P; Palanisammi, A; TANUVASNitrate / Nitrite poisoning in Sheep occurs when there is an abrupt change in diet from the introduction of a feed source with high nitrate levels. Over / improper/ uneven fertilization of fodder with untreated manure and occurrence of drought season followed by a rainy season could result in higher level of accumulation of nitrate in plants. A sudden death was reported in Kilakaraisal and Vembur Sheep of 2-3 (between 2-5 years of age) at Melapalayam of Tirunelveli district. All the affected animals were treated with intravenous administration of 1% methylene blue @ 4 mg/kg BW. Subsequently the animals showed an uneventful recovery from the condition and diagnosed as nitrate/ nitrite poisoning by the rapid response to the treatment which is the form of diagnosis of the intoxicationArticleItem Open Access Preparation of microspheres using poly-3-hydroxybutyrate biopolymer and its characterization(2018-05) Swornakumari, C; Meignanalakshmi, S; Legadevi, R; Palanisammi, A; TANUVASAim : Methodology : Results : Interpretation : Biodegradable poly-3-hydroxybutyrate is one of the most common biopolymer which is used in different fields such as medicine, agriculture, textile, industrial and food packaging. PHB microspheres are useful for targeting drugs to specific infection sites and for prolonged drug release. The present study focus on microsphere preparation for effective controlled drug release using poly-3- hydroxy butyrate biopolymer.OtherItem Open Access PROTEIN PROFILE OF FOLLICULAR CELLS IN CYCLIC AND ACYCLIC BUFFALOES(2019-12) Palanisammi, A; Satheshkumar, S; TANUVASThe objective of the study is to analyze the alterations in the protein profile of follicular cells in normal cyclic and acyclic anoestrus water buffaloes. Ovaries from sexually mature buffaloes were collected from abattoir and categorized into two groups viz., i. Cyclic and ii. Acyclic. In both the categories of ovaries, the follicular fluid (FF) was aspirated from all large follicles (> 9mm diameter) and small follicles (< 9 mm diameter) separately. FF was centrifuged and four categories of pelleted granulosa cells (CSG and ASG: Granulosa cells of small follicles in cyclic and acyclic groups, respectively; CLG and ALG: Granulosa cells of large follicles in cyclic and acyclic groups, respectively) were subjected for protein analysis by standard SDS-PAGE method. A total of 10 aliquots were studied in each category. A total of 30 and 18 bands (from 7.1 to 209.0 kDa) were observed in CSG and CLG categories, while 16 bands in each of the ASG and ALG were recorded. Majority of the proteins were in the range between 40 to 120 kDa in both the groups. It was observed that 40 per cent of bands present in the CSG group were not observed in CLG group. On the contrary, almost all the proteins found in ASG group were retained in the ALG group. It can be inferred that a group of small molecular weight granulosa cell proteins, correlating to IGF/IGFBP system, play a key role in providing a favorable proteo-genomic environment in the early stages of follicular development. Under the gonadotropin stimulus, these proteins might decrease in concentration and release the sequestered metabolic factors during final stages of follicular development enabling the attainment of dominance. In acyclic animals, retaining of such proteins in the large follicles indicated the non-availability of metabolic factors needed for final maturation of follicles.ArticleItem Open Access Superovulatory response and embryo yield in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)(2020) Palanisammi, A; Satheshkumar, S; Rangasamy, S; TANUVASMurrah graded pluriparous buffaloes (n=10) were subjected for three superovulatory treatments. Treatment I (Control; n=20): Follicle Stimulating Hormone (600 mg) was initiated on the Day 10 for a period of five days. Treatment II (SO-OS; n = 7): Superstimulatory treatment was initiated after sychnronization of oestrous cycle by Ovsynch protocol. Gonadotrophin treatment for superovulation was initiated on Day 6 of synchronized cycle. Treatment III (SO-FWS; n = 7): GnRH (Inj. Receptal; 10 μg i.m.) was administered to all the animals on Day 6 of the cycle (Day 0: natural oestrus) and FSH treatment was initiated 96 h after GnRH (Day 10). Animals were inseminated thrice with frozen thawed proven during superovulatory oestrum and embryos/ova were recovered non-surgically on Day 5.5 of the superovulatory cycle. Six animals (30.0%) in control group did not respond for the treatment, while all the animals (100%) in SO-OS and SO-FWS groups responded for superovulation treatment. The mean number of CL is significantly (P < 0.05) higher in SO-OS group than the other groups. The control and SO-FWS groups had significantly (P < 0.01) greater number of anovulatory follicles (AFs). More percentage of transferrable quality embryos were recovered from SO-OS group, while more number of unfertilized ova and poor quality embryos were recovered from control and SO-FWS groups. It could be concluded that superovulatory response, embryo yield and embryo quality are better in buffaloes superovualted after the Ovsynch protocol.ThesisItem Open Access UNDERSTANDING DIFFERENTIAL HOST DISEASE RESISTANCE TO PESTE DES PETITS RUMINANTS (PPR) IN SMALL AND LARGE RUMINANTS(TANUVAS, 2016) Mohanchandra, Pawar Rahul; Dhinakar Raj, G; Palanisammi, A; Parimal, Roy; TANUVASThe aim of this study was two-fold, to generate full-length genome sequences of local and recent peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus isolates and 10 better understand the reasons for genetic resistance of the disease in small and large ruminants using the transcriptomics approach. Oculo-nasal swabs or tissue samples from PPR-suspected outbreaks were collected during September 2014 to January 2016 from different places. A total of 59 samples were collected, of which 48 samples were confirmed by PPRV ‘M' gene based RT-PCR. Five complete genomes of PPRV were sequenced.