Browsing by Author "Narender Kumar"
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ThesisItem Open Access Effect of nitrogen fertigation on tomato crop utilizing good and marginal quality water through drip irrigation(CCSHAU, 2015) Narender Kumar; Jhorar, R.K.Proper management and use of water and fertilizers is of paramount importance for crop production. Drip irrigation method is known to have better water use as well as fertilizer use efficiency as compared to other methods of irrigation, particularly if poor quality water is to be used. This study was conducted to examine the effect of nitrogen fertigation on tomato crop (variety: Hisar-Arun) utilizing good and marginal quality water through drip irrigation. Experiments were conducted in micro plots (2 m x 2 m size) at Research farm of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India. Irrigation for good quality (EC ≤ 0.5 dS m -1 ) and marginal quality (EC - 2.5 dS m -1 ) water was scheduled on alternate day. The volume of irrigation water applied per plant during an irrigation event was calculated based on crop spacing, pan evaporation, crop coefficient and per cent shaded area. A total of 948.4 liter of water was applied to each micro plot during the entire crop period. Three doses of nitrogen fertigation (75, 100 and 125 % of the recommended dose of nitrogen, RDN) were applied. FYM @ 8 kg per plot, 1/3rd of nitrogen, 100% of P and K was applied before transplanting the tomato. Remaining dose of nitrogen was equally split in 11 doses at weekly interval. The temporal and spatial variation of soil moisture and soil salinity was observed through regular soil sampling. The moisture content in the 60 cm soil profile was higher under irrigation with marginal quality water as compared to irrigation with good quality water. Irrigation with marginal water quality led to more rapid accumulation of salts in the soil at the horizontal distance of 20 cm distance than that observed for irrigation with good quality water. Maximum tomato yield (615.3 q ha -1 ) and water use efficiency (25.95 kg m -3 ) was obtained with good quality irrigation treatment receiving N-fertigation at the rate of 125 % of RDN. Maximum nitrogen use efficiency (594.9 kg kg -1 ) was obtained with good quality irrigation treatment receiving N-fertigation at RDN. Minimum tomato yield (389.5 q ha -1 ) and water use efficiency (14.27 kg m -3 ) was obtained with marginal quality irrigation treatment receiving Nfertigation at the rate of 75 % of RDN. Maximum nitrogen use efficiency (594.9 kg kg -1 ) was obtained with good quality irrigation treatment receiving N-fertigation at RDN. Minimum nitrogen use efficiency (404.3 kg kg -1 ) was obtained with marginal quality irrigation treatment receiving Nfertigation at 125 % of RDN.ThesisItem Open Access Enhancing efficiency of biogas production from pig manure chemical approach(2023-12-01) Narender KumarThesisItem Open Access Performance of wheat varieties under Eucalypts (Eucalyptus tereticornis) based agroforestry system(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-08) Narender Kumar; Sirohi, ChhaviThe present investigation entitled “Performance of wheat varieties under Eucalypts (Eucalyptus tereticornis) based agroforestry system” was carried out at the research area of Department of Forestry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during the Rabi season of 2019-20 to study the effect of eucalypts plantation spaced at 7 × 3 m on growth, physiology, yield attributes and yield of six wheat varieties (WH 1105, WH 711, DBW 88, HD 3086, HD 2967 and PBW 725. During the study period, the growth parameters of eucalypts plantation showed an increment of 0.7 m in height, 1.9 cm in girth and 0.2 m in crown spread. A significant increase in soil organic carbon, available N, P, K and DTPA extractable micronutrients (Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn) was observed at all soil depths (0-15, 15-30 and 30-45 cm) under eucalypts plantation than in control. The moisture content was observed comparatively lower in eucalypts based agroforestry system than control at all the soil depths. Moreover, the soil moisture content increased along with an increase in distance from the tree line. The variation of reduction in light available to understory crops was observed 30.82 to 49.38% during the study period. The temperature was observed slightly lesser under eucalypts plantation over control, but, the relative humidity was found higher during the crop growth period. The various growth, physiological and yield attributing parameters of different wheat varieties under study were observed significantly higher in sole wheat crop (devoid of trees) than under eucalypts plantation except chlorophyll content, relative water content, relative stress injury, canopy temperature depression and protein content. Wheat variety HD 3086 exhibited maximum plant population/m2, number of effective tillers/m2 and dry matter accumulation (g/m2) eucalypts based agroforestry system. The yield of different wheat varieties grown under eucalypts plantation were reduced significantly. The maximum reduction per cent (39.02) in grain yield was observed in WH 1105 followed by DBW 88 (32.00 %), PBW 725 (30.95 %), WH 711 and HD 3086 (28.48 %) and it was minimum in HD 2967 (23.98 %). Under eucalypts based agroforestry system, variety WH 1105 was shown to be highly susceptible to shade and exhibited inferior growth, yield attributing traits, and yield.ThesisItem Open Access Seed germination studies in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.)(CCSHAU, 2010) Narender Kumar; Partap, P.S.Seed germination study of bitter gourd varieties Pusa Do Mausmi and Pusa Vishesh under laboratory and field conditions using eight chemicals and three seed soaking durations was carried out in March and August, 2009. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the treatment effects for different characters in both the varieties for respective seed soaking durations. Test weight of sampled seeds was 17.99g (Pusa Do Mausmi) and 16.96g (Pusa Vishesh). In both sets of experiments varieties differed for all the characters in respective seed soaking durations under laboratory and field conditions where some interactions were also significant. The laboratory seed germination and seedling field emergence for both the sets of experiments and all the three seed soaking durations were found similar but field emergence was lesser than laboratory seed germination in all the treatments investigated. In both the sets of experiment GA3 50ppm followed by KCl (1%) and ZnSO4 (1%) gave significantly higher seed germination then the canal water control treatment in both the varieties. Pusa Vishesh had better germination than Pusa Do Mausmi, however, field emergence was at par in both the varieties. Field emergence (%) and field emergence index were recorded maximum with GA3 50ppm/boron 25ppm and or GA3 50ppm/KCl (1%) and KNO3 (1%) and ZnSO4 (1%). It was lowest with canal water and IBA 75ppm. The other associated parameters of seed quality i.e. seedling length (root/shoot), seedling fresh/dry weight, seed vigour index-I and II were also influenced by the chemical treatments and followed almost the same pattern as of seed germination and seedling field emergence.Seed soaking duration of 12h was better than 24 and 36 h seed soaking.The seed germination, field emergences/index, seedling size, and seed vigour index were reduced with aging of the seeds. The patterns of field emergence, which showed non-to-multi peaks was not consistent for the chemical response, seed soaking duration and also for the crop season. GA3 50ppm, KCl (1%) and KNO3 (1%) with 12h seed soaking appeared most promising for enhancing seed germination/field emergence of bitter gourd varieties.