Browsing by Author "Murali, Nagarajan"
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ArticleItem Open Access Genotoxic Effect of Dye Effluents in Chromosomes of Indigenous Goats (Capra hircus)(The Japan Mendel Society, 2011) Hema, Loganathan; Murali, Nagarajan; Devendran, Palaniappan; Panneerselvam, Sathappan; TANUVASThe genotoxic effect of dye effluents was assessed in indigenous goats inhabiting textile industry areas encompassing dyeing and bleaching units by means of mitotic drive, mitotic index, chromosome aberrations and the mean SCEs frequency. Peripheral blood leucocyte cultures were set up with culture medium and pokeweed mitogen. The cultures were supplemented without bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) for chromosome aberrations and with BrdU for the mean SCEs frequency for 2 cell cycles. Air-dried slides were stained with Giemsa for chromosome aberrations and the fluorescent plus Giemsa (FPG) technique was adopted for the display of sister chromatid differentiation and the estimation of the mean SCEs frequency. No gross structural and numerical chromosome abnormalities were noticed in all animals screened based on G-banding and karyotyping. The mitotic drive for the control and exposed populations was 37.581.29 and 26.130.78%, respectively. The mitotic drive in exposed population was significantly ( p0.01) lower when compared to control animals. The mitotic index for the control and exposed populations was 12.490.42 and 11.490.43%, respectively. Though there was a decrease in mitotic index in the exposed population, it was not statistically significant. The frequency of SCEs did not follow the Poisson distribution in both the control and exposed populations of goats. The pooled meanS.E (range) of SCEs frequency for the control and exposed populations of goats were 4.830.16 (1–11) and 12.980.16 (8–19), respectively. There was significant ( p0.01) increase in the mean SCEs frequency of goats (exposed) reared in industrial areas. The number of SCEs in chromosome 1 was significantly ( p0.05) higher than that expected from relative chromosomal length.ArticleItem Open Access Single-nucleotide polymorphism-based genetic diversity analysis of the Kilakarsal and Vembur sheep breeds(Veterinary World, 2017-05) Selvam, Rathinasamy; Murali, Nagarajan; Thirvenkadan, A. Kannan; Saravanakumar, Ramesh; Ponnudurai, Gurusamy; Jawahar, Thilak Pon; TANUVASAim: The present study was thus undertaken to analyze the genetic diversity of Kilakarsal and Vembur sheep breeds using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers within Toll-like receptor (TLR) 3, 5, 6, 9, and 10 genes. Materials and Methods: Competitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based end-point genotyping was performed using real-time PCR to type the SNPs. Allele discrimination module implemented in real-time PCR was utilized to call the genotypes based on fluorescence intensity recorded for each of the two alleles. Basic diversity indices, namely, gene frequencies, observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity, and inbreeding coefficient (FIS), and testing for Hardy– Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) were estimated using package for elementary analysis of SNP data software program. Results: Of the 25 SNPs, 22 were found to be polymorphic, whereas two SNPs, namely, TLR3_1081_AC and TLR9_2036_CT, were monomorphic in both Kilakarsal and Vembur sheep populations. The SNP TLR10_1180_AG was monomorphic in Kilakarsal but polymorphic in Vembur sheep. The observed heterozygosities were estimated as 0.289 and 0.309 in Kilakarsal and Vembur sheep, respectively, whereas the expected heterozygosity values were 0.305 and 0.309 in the two breeds, respectively. The overall mean FIS was 0.107 ranging from −0.005 to 0.241 in Kilakarsal sheep and −0.047 ranging from −0.005 to 0.255 in Vembur sheep. In Kilakarsal sheep, the test for HWE revealed TLR9_1308_GC SNP locus with significant deviation (p<0.05) due to heterozygosity deficit. In Vembur sheep, TLR10_82_CT and TLR10_292_CG loci showed significant deviation (p<0.05) due to heterozygosity excess. Other SNP loci did not deviate from HWE (p>0.05) revealing that the population was in HWE proportions. Conclusions: The SNP markers within five TLR genes (TLR3, TLR5, TLR6, TLR9, and TLR10) utilized for genotyping in this study were highly polymorphic in Kilakarsal and Vembur breeds of sheep. This study on the genetic diversity analysis of the Kilakarsal and Vembur sheep breeds revealed considerable genetic variation within the breeds and it can be utilized to improve desirable traits.