Browsing by Author "Merli Maman"
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ThesisItem Restricted BIOHYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM RUMINAL CONTENTS(2021) Merli Maman; TANUVAS; Meignanalakshmi S; Ghadevaru Sarathchandra; Vijayarani K; Meenakshi SundaramHydrogen gas is a promising alternative for fossil fuel at the current time due to the advantages that is environment friendly, it can be derived from renewable sources and it has high energy efficiency. In the present study, hydrogen gas was producedin a biological way by using rumen fluid of cattle collected from slaughter house by dark fermentation of rumen fluid and Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC) process. Integration of both dark fermentation and MEC was also carried out. Dark fermentation of rumen fluid was carried out in 100 ml air tight serum bottles using rumen fluid as the substrate and microorganisms present in the rumen fluid as inoculum and the production of biohydrogen was confirmed by gas chromatography with Thermal conductivity detector (GC-TCD). The dark fermentation parameters such as pH, substrates and micronutrient concentrations were optimized. The pH 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 were used for dark fermentation of rumen fluid and it was found that pH 6 produced higher biohydrogen when compared to other pH. Substrates such as 1% rice bran, 1% powdered potato peel and 1% powdered tapioca peel were used as added substrates to rumen fluid for dark fermentation and it was found that 1% rice bran produced higher biohydrogen. The micronutrients used were O.25M, 0.5M, 0.75M and IM concentrations of Ferrous sulphate. Magnesium sulpahte and Potassium sulphate. It was found that in all the three mucronutrients, 0,5M concentration produced higher biohydrogen. Rumen fluid collected from slaughter house was used for isolation of biohydrogen producing microorganisms and four different biohydrogen producing bacteria were isolated, characterized and the production of biohydrogen was also confirmed using the individual bacteria in dark fermentation. The rumen fluid after dark fermentation was also given for metagenomic analysis to find out the phylum, genus and species abundance in the rumen fluid. The Microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) was designed and made for the biohydrogen production. The parameters such as pH, salt-bridge, catholyte, electrodes and substrates were optimized for the production of biohydrogen. Among the pH 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, the highest amount of biohydrogen production was obtained in pH 6. 0.8% and 1% of agarose and agar-agar were used as salt-bridge in the MEC and the highest biohydrogen production was obtained in MEC with 0.8% agarose. The electrodes used were carbons rods and graphite plates where the MEC with graphite plates as the electrode showed higher biohydrogen production. Sodium chloride in different concentrations such as 0.25M, 0.5M, 0.75M and IM were used and it was found that 0.5M Sodium chloride produced highest amount of biohydrogen in MEC. The substrates added to the rumen fluid in the anode chamber were 1% rice bran, 1% powdered potato peel and 1% powdered tapioca peel and the highest amount of biohydrogen production was obtained in the MEC with 1% rice bran.The integration of dark fermentation and MEC was carried out for an enhanced amount of biohydrogen production. The total amount of biohydrogen produced was calculated from the individual amount of biohydrogen produced by dark fermentation and MEC. The quantity of biohydrogenproduced were statistically analysed and the obtained p value is less than 0.005 (p<0.005) which shows that the quantity of biohydrogen produced with different pH and substrates were statistically significant.