Browsing by Author "Kaur, Jaspreet"
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ThesisItem Open Access Assessment of Animal Welfare Practices followed by Dairy Farmersâ of Punjab(Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 2021) Kaur, Jaspreet; Jadoun, Y. S.The present study was carried out in three regions (Majha, Malwa and Doaba) of Punjab to study the animal welfare practices followed by dairy farmers with the objectives; to assess the awareness of respondents about animal welfare practices and their relationship with production performance of dairy animals and constraints perceived by the respondents in adoption of animal welfare practices. The data were collected from 240 respondents of Majha, Malwa and Doaba regions (80 respondents from each region) by using well-structured interview schedule. The results regarding the general profile of the respondents from all the three regions i.e. Majha, Malwa and Doaba showed that, the majority (52.50% 45.00% and 43.75%) of the respondents fall under the medium age category whereas, variables like; livestock holding (93.75%, 97.50% and 100.00%), milk production (38.75%, 57.50% and 72.50%), milk sale (37.50%, 58.75% and 75.00%), mass media exposure (75.00 %, 63.75% and 65.00%) and information seeking behaviour (45.00 %, 38.75% and 45.00%) fell under low category. Further findings regarding, awareness of the respondents about animal welfare standards revealed that out of all the respondentsâ majority (87.08%) of them have high level of awareness regarding freedom from hunger, malnutrition and thirst followed by freedom from pain, injury and disease (81.25%) and freedom from fear and distress (52.50%), respectively. Results of the study regarding awareness about various practices; calf rearing, breeding, feeding and health care management practices, majority (64.17 %, 60.00 %, 87.08 % and 52.09 %) of the respondents were under the low category of awareness. Further, results regarding relational analysis of milk production with most of the parameters of socio- personal profile, socio-economic profile, communicational profile, animal welfare practices and animal welfare standards were found to be significant at 1% (p<0.01) and 5% (p<0.05) level of significance. Similarly, relational analysis of majority of parameters of animal welfare practices and animal welfare standards with the socio- personal, socio- economic and communicational profile of the respondents were found to be significant at 1% (p<0.01) and 5% (p<0.05) level of significance. The major constraints perceived by the respondents were; â lack of disease diagnostic centres in the study areaâ ? (mean score: 67.84), â lack of milk testing, storage and processing facilitiesâ ? (mean score: 60.74), â Veterinary doctors/A.H officials do not visit the area regularly (mean score: 68.93)â ?, â lack of awareness about general animal welfare practices (mean score: 63.60)â ?, â low economic gain from dairy enterprise (mean score: 75.30)â ?, â sale price of dairy animals is very low (mean score: 65.16)â ?, â lack of training centres and institutes in the research locale (mean score: 72.95)â ?, â difficulty in approach to various veterinary services at field level (mean score: 65.91)â ?, â difficulty in disposing off the unproductive cattle and dead animals (mean score: 69.30)â ? and â inadequate veterinary services and facilities for treatment of sick animals at farmerâ s doorstepâ ? (mean score: 64.77) were found to be most severe constraints as perceived by the respondents in the areas of the study. It could be concluded from the above study that proper efforts should be made by the policy-makers, researchers, program planners, animal husbandry officials, social scientists, extension managers, cooperative organizations and various dairy development departments, who are responsible for restructuring the various parameters related to animal welfare practices and standards and formulating new programs in order to create mass awareness regarding welfare practices, which will be the win-win situation for both the dairy animals as well as for the dairy farmers.ThesisItem Open Access Effect Of Procaine And Antipyrine On The Pharmacokinetics Of Diminazene In Buffalo Calves(Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 2000) Kaur, Jaspreet; Srivastava, A. K.The present study was planned to investigate the effect of procaine and antipyrine on the pharmacokinetics, urinary excretion and dosage regimen of diminazene in buffalo calves. In addition, in vitro erythrocytic partitioning and plasma protein binding of diminazene were also studied. Diminazene was administered at the dose rate of 3.5 mg.kg-1 along with procaine (0.2 mg.kg-1) and antipyrine (4.16 mg.kg-1) by single intramuscular route in healthy buffalo calves in two different dosage forms i.e. granules and suspension. The heparinized blood samples were collected at various predetermined time intervals and diminazene was estimated by diazotization method. After i.m. administration of granular form of diminazene, appreciable concentration (1.53 ± 0.15 ?g.m1-1) appeared at 1 min and the drug was detected upto 7 days (1.05 ± 0.11 ?g.m1-1). Similarly following administration of suspension form, plasma level at 1 min was (1.50± 0.07 ?g.m1-1) and at the end of 7 days it was (1.25 ± 0.10 pg.m1-1). On comparing the results of various pharmacokinetic parameters of both forms of diminazene, it was revealed that there was no significant difference in most of the pharmacokinetic parameters. The values of t05Ka, t0.5a,Vd ( ) and CITranged between 0.057-0.446 h, 0.314-0.400 h, 538.3-667.6 h,2.11-2.70 L.kg-1 and 3.49-3.66 ml.kg-1.11-1, respectively. For evaluating the effect of procaine and antipyrine on pharmacokinetics of diminazene, the data of present investigation was compared with already established data following alone administration of diminazene. The results revealed that procaine and antipyrine causes slow elimination of diminazene from body (as the t053 was increased to 8-10 folds) and prolongs the therapeutic effect of diminazene in body for more than 20 days. Diminazene bound to plasma proteins to the extent of 34.0 ± 1.40 per cent. At various blood concentrations ranging from 1.25 to 20 ilg.m1-1, the erythrocytic partitioning was 23.6 ± 3.25 per cent. The appropriate dosage regimen of diminazene in buffalo calves when administered along with procaine and antipyrine would be 4.3 mg.kg-4 followed by 1.9 mg.kg at 15 days interval.ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of boar semen stored between 16-20° C using Lactose-egg yolk, Glucose-sodium citrate dihydrate and Modena diluents(2021) Kaur, Jaspreet; Singh, Ashwani KumarThis study was carried out to compare the efficacy of certain liquid semen extenders for boar semen preservation.Semen ejaculates (n=30) from three boars (one ejaculate/boar/week) collected using dummy sow were extended (1:4) in lactosesodium salt of EDTA-Egg yolk (LSEEY), glucose sodium salt of EDTA-potassium sodium tartrate-sodium citrate dihydrate (GEPS), Modena (MOD). The extended semen was kept at 17°C upto 120 h in a BOD incubator. The semen was assessed for various sperm characteristics and lipid peroxidation at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h of preservation. The results revealed significantly (P<0.05) higher percentage of sperm motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity in semen extended with MOD than in GEPS and LSEEY at different preservation times. The mean percentage of in vitro capacitation/acrosome reacted spermatozoa was significantly (P<0.05) higher in MOD as compared to GEPS and LSEEY at 96 h and 120 h of storage period. In all the extenders, the mean percentage of most sperm attributes decreased (P<0.05) progressively as the storage period increased. Correspondingly, the MDA levels were lower (P<0.05) in MOD than in their contemporary extenders at all hours of preservation. In conclusion, MOD maintained the sperm parameters and reduced oxidative stress for liquid preservation of boar semen in extended period of storage at 16-20°C.ThesisItem Open Access Isolation and enrichment of goat germline stem cells:expression of bcl6b gene in spermatogonial stem cells.(NDRI, Karnal, 2009) Kaur, Jaspreet; Kaul, GautamThesisItem Open Access PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN SOME THERMOTOLERANT AND THERMOSENSITIVE CHILLI (Capsicum annuum L.) GENOTYPES(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2014) Kaur, Jaspreet; Ghai, NavitaThe present investigation was carried out to study the physiological and biochemical changes in some thermotolerant and thermosensitive chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes. Fourteen chilli genotypes viz., SL 461, PP 404, DL 161, MS 341, VR 521, PB 405, PS 403, SD 463, FL 201, AC 102, S 343, SL 462 and SL 464 along with sensitive check (Royal Wonder) were grown in a randomized block design with three replications during 2012-13. The observations on morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters and yield attributes were recorded between 45 to 105 days after transplanting (DAT) (high temperature period). On the basis of our studies, genotypes S 343, AC 102 and FL 201 were found to be relatively thermotolerant. However, high temperature markedly decreased the photosynthetic activity of chilli plants by decreasing the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoid content) in leaf chloroplasts of all the genotypes. The levels of ascorbic acid, total soluble sugars and total phenols increased in the leaves of all the genotypes with the maturity of the crop. Electrolyte leakage and proline content also increased with rise in temperature. Genotypes AC 102 and S 343 were able to accumulate the maximum ascorbic acid, proline, total soluble sugars and total phenols under heat stress conditions. Early flowering was observed in relatively thermotolerant genotypes as compared to sensitive check (Royal Wonder). High temperature also caused a reduction in pollen viability, fruit size and seed number per fruit. Decrease in fruit set percent and fruit weight led to reduction in the total yield per plant. Maximum yield was observed in genotype S 343 followed by FL 201.ThesisItem Open Access Status of heavy metals and pesticide residues and their effect on dairy animal health in south-west Punjab(Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 2015) Kaur, Jaspreet; Singh , Sikh TejinderThe present research work was undertaken to assess status of heavy metals (nickel, cadmium, chromium, arsenic), fluoride and pesticide residues, and their effects on health, haemato-biochemical and oxidative status in dairy buffaloes in the polluted South-west zone of Punjab, India. Buffaloes were selected randomly from villages of district Mansa of South-west Punjab. Buffaloes from a non-polluted area served as control. Significantly (p<0.01) higher plasma nickel, cadmium and chromium concentrations were observed in buffaloes from Mansa district in comparison to control buffaloes. Hair arsenic in 95.5 per cent buffaloes were higher than the normal concentrations. Moreover, 75.7 per cent buffaloes were affected by subclinical fluorosis. Organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides were detected in 22.9 per cent buffaloes and chlorpyrifos was major pesticide prevalent in buffaloes. Weakness, anestrous, repeat breeding, chronic diarrhoea and lameness were observed in 17.0, 9.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 4.0 per cent buffaloes, respectively. In comparison to healthy buffaloes, repeat breeding buffaloes had significantly lower plasma nickel and albumin, and higher plasma chromium, whereas weak buffaloes had significantly higher plasma chromium and lower albumin concentrations. Buffaloes with chronic diarrhoea had significantly lower plasma nickel and higher cadmium concentrations, whereas, in anestrous buffaloes, TLC counts were significantly higher and plasma albumin concentrations were significantly lower. Subclinical anemia was observed in 19.7 per cent buffaloes, which could be due to pesticides, high fluoride and poor protein status in buffaloes. Significant positive correlations were observed between plasma nickel and TEC, total proteins or albumin; plasma chromium and MDA or SOD; hair arsenic and GSH concentrations. Significant negative correlations were seen between plasma nickel and MDA; MDA and plasma nickel or cadmium; plasma chromium and Hb, total proteins or albumin; hair arsenic and PCV or AST; plasma F and PCV concentrations. Thus, haemogram and protein status tended to improve and lipid peroxidation tended to decline with increase in nickel or decrease in chromium contents in buffalo plasma. Moreover, pesticide positive buffaloes had significantly lower Hb, PCV and TLC, and significantly higher plasma total proteins and GSH concentrations. Quality of drinking water with respect to metals and fluoride contents was poor in district Mansa. For livestock, the water was unfit with respect to nickel and fluoride, and for humans, it was unfit with respect to nickel, cadmium, chromium, arsenic and fluoride. Drinking water fluoride contents influenced occurrence of diseases in buffaloes, which increased with increase in water fluoride