Browsing by Author "KUMAR, VIJAY"
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ThesisItem Open Access Bio-rational management of insect pests infesting black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper](MPUT, UDAIPUR, 2019-07-01) KUMAR, VIJAY; Swami, HemantInvestigation on “Bio-rational management of insect pests infesting black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]” was carried out in the department of Entomology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, MPUAT, Udaipur during Kharif, 2018 with the objective of seasonal incidence of insect pests and bio-efficacy of bio-rational insecticides against insect pests infesting black gram. The major insect pests were aphid, Aphis craccivora (Koch); jassid, Empoasca kerri (Pruthi); whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius); thrips, Caliothrips indicus (Bagnall); blister beetle, Mylabris pustulata (Thunberg) and pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner). The population of aphid (36.67/ 5plant), jassid (30.67/5 plant) and whitefly (35.67/5plant) were attained peak during first week (31 SMW) of August; thrips (17.33/5plant) population in second week (32 SMW) of August; blister beetle (4.67/5plant) and pod borer (11.67/5plant) infestation reached its peak in last week (34 SMW) of August. The infestation of pods was maximum in the last week of August. The population of aphid, jassid, whitefly and thrips exhibited a non-significant positive correlation with temperature and while thrips exhibited positive significant correlation. Aphid and jassid exhibited significant correlation with relative humidity and rainfall. Pod borer exhibited significant positive correlation with rainfall. Blister beetle exhibited positively significant correlation with temperature and rainfall. Among different treatments, spinosad 45 SC @ 50 g a.i/ha caused maximum reduction in the population of aphid, jassid, thrips and whitefly. Next effective treatments were emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 12g a.i./ha and indoxacarb 14.5 SC a.i./ha. The indoxacarb 14.5 SC a.i./ha caused significant maximum reduction in the population of pod borer and blister beetle. The highest seed yield of 5.3 q/ha was recorded in case of treatment indoxacarb 14.5 SC with highest B:C ratio of 1:1.52 followed by spinosad 45 SCThesisItem Open Access CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS MENS WEAR IN SOLAN AND SHIMLA TOWN IN HIMACHAL PRADESH(DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT COLLGE OF HORTICULTURE DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY ; SOLAN, 2014) KUMAR, VIJAY; GUPTA, RAKESHThesisItem Open Access Effect of Phosphorus and Iron on Soil Health and Productivity of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)(MPUT Udaipur, 2021) KUMAR, VIJAY; Yadav, K. K.A field experiment entitled “Effect of Phosphorus and Iron on Soil Health and Productivity of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)” was conducted at Instructional Farm of Agronomy, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur during rabi season of 2019-20 to find out the effect of phosphorus and iron on yield attributes and yield, nutrient content and uptake by crop, physico-chemical properties of soil and available N, P, K and Fe after harvest of the crop. The research was carried out on clay loam soil which was slightly alkaline in reaction, medium in available nitrogen and available phosphorus, high in available potassium and deficient in available iron. Treatment comprises four levels of phosphorus viz. control (P1), 20 kg (P2), 40 kg (P3) & 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 (P4) and four levels of iron viz. control (Fe1), 5 kg (Fe2), 7.5 kg (Fe3) and 10 kg FeSO4 ha-1 (Fe4). These treatments were evaluated in factorial randomized block design (factorial RBD) with three replications taking fenugreek variety-PRM 45 as test crop. The results revealed that application of phosphorus showed significant effect on the growth characters viz. plant height at harvest, number of root nodules plant-1 and yield (seed, haulm and biological) and yield attributing characters (test weight, seeds pod-1 etc.) of fenugreek crop. The maximum plant height (93.49 cm) at harvest, total root nodule plant-1 (16.86 and 26.51) at 45 and 60 DAS, respectively recorded with the application of 60 kg P2O5 ha-1, which were statistically at par with the 40 kg P2O5 ha-1. The maximum test weight (12.07 g), seed pod-1 (17.64) seed yield (2061 kg ha-1), haulm yield (6980 kg ha-1) and biological yield (9040 kg ha-1) of fenugreek crop were recorded with application of 60 kg P2O5 ha-1, which were statistically at par with the application of 40 kg P2O5 ha-1. The maximum N content of seed (3.23 %) and haulm (1.17 %), P content of seed (0.450 %) and haulm (0.238 %), K content of seed (1.06 %) and haulm (1.24 %), Fe content of seed (42.42 ppm) and haulm (139.14 ppm) and protein content of seed (20.16 %) were obtained with the application of 60 kg P2O5 ha-1, which were statistically similar to the application of 40 kg P2O5 ha-1. The maximum uptake of nitrogen (66.54 and 81.58 kg ha-1), phosphorus (9.26 and 16.67 kg ha-1), potassium (21.99 and 86.94 kg ha-1) and iron (87.62 and 972.83 g ha-1) by seed and haulm, respectively, were also recorded with 60 kg P2O5 ha-1, which were at par with the application of 40 kg P2O5 ha-1. The application of phosphorus significantly improved the soil available nitrogen (280.49 kg ha-1) and phosphorus (20.12 kg ha-1). The maximum gross returns (₹103373 ha-1) and net returns (₹77993 ha-1) were gained with the application of 60 kg P2O5 ha-1, which were statistically at par with the treatment application of 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 (₹100389 ha-1) and (₹76096), respectively. The maximum benefit-cost ratio (3.12) was gained with the application of 40 kg P2O5 ha-1, which was significantly superior over rest of the levels but statistically at par with the treatment application of 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 (3.07). Application of increasing levels of FeSO4 from control to 10 kg ha-1 significantly improved the plant height (90.93 cm), number of root nodules 15.36 and 25.42 plant-1 at 45 and 60 DAS, respectively and yield attributing characters test weight (11.89 g), number of seeds pod-1 (17.23), seed, haulm and biological yield 1957, 6650 and 8607 kg ha-1, respectively, which were statistically at par with 7.5 kg of FeSO4 ha-1. The highest N content of seed (3.21 %) and haulm (1.16 %), phosphorus content of seed (0.441 %) and haulm (0.235 %), K content of seed (1.03 %) and haulm (1.20 %) and iron content of seed (42.45 ppm) and haulm (139.54 ppm) and protein content of seed (20.06 %) was obtained under the application of 10 kg FeSO4 ha-1. The maximum uptake of nitrogen (62.98 and 77.39 kg ha-1 by seed and haulm), phosphorus (8.67 and 15.79 kg ha-1 by seed and haulm), potassium (20.28 and 80.10 kg ha-1 by seed and haulm) and iron (83.38 and 929.95 g ha-1 by seed and haulm) respectively, recorded under the application of 10 kg FeSO4 ha-1. The application of 10 kg FeSO4 ha-1 significantly enhanced the soil available status of iron at harvest, which was statistically at par with the application of 7.5 kg FeSO4 ha-1. The maximum gross return (₹98237 ha-1) and net returns (₹74142 ha-1) were gained with the application of 10 kg FeSO4 ha-1, which were statistically at par with the treatment application of 7.5 kg FeSO4 ha-1. The highest BC ratio (3.07) was recorded under application of 7.5 kg FeSO4 ha-1, which was statistically at par with the treatment application of 10 kg FeSO4 ha-1. The Application of phosphorus and iron together influenced the test weight and seeds/pod of fenugreek. The highest test weight (13.1g) was recorded with the combined application of 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 + 10 kg FeSO4 ha-1 (P4Fe4) which was statistically at par with the treatment combination of P4Fe3 and P3Fe3. The highest seeds/pod was also recorded with the combined application of 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 + 10 kg FeSO4 ha-1 (P4Fe4) which was statistically at par with the treatment combination of P4Fe2 and P3Fe3. Therefore, under prevailing agro-climatic conditions of Rajasthan (zone IVa: Sub-Humid Southern Plain and Aravalli Hills) fenugreek crop fertilized with 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 + 7.5 kg FeSO4 ha-1 proved as most proficient in improving the yield and also found economically viable treatment combination.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF VARYING LEVELS OF PHOSPHORUS AND ZINC ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF SOME PEA CULTIVARS(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY ; SOLAN, 1994) KUMAR, VIJAY; SINGH, K. KThesisItem Open Access Effect of Water Hardness on Egg Hatchability and Larval Viability of Labeo rajasthanicus(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2018) KUMAR, VIJAY; Saini, V. P.“Effect of water hardness on egg hatchability and larval viability of Labeo rajasthanicus” Vijay Kumar* Dr. V. P. Saini This study was conducted to assess the impact of water hardness on egg hatchability and larval viability of Labeo rajasthanicus.For this purpose,five hardness levels were tested (200, 175, 150, 125, 100 mg/l ) in relation tofertilization rate, ova diameter, hatching duration, hatching per cent and hatchling survival of Labeo rajasthanicus. For incubation of eggsa simple hatchery device was fabricated. In each hatchery jar 5000 eggs ware incubation & each treatment was run in triplicate. The diameter of egg was measured using Leica microscope with computer based software. The smallest (3.33 mm) ova diameter was observed in T1(200 mg/l), whereas the biggest (3.54 mm) ova diameter was in lowest water hardness level (T5-100 mg/l).The Minimum hatching time (15.45 hrs) was noticed in lowest hardness treatments (T5),which was significantly increased with increasing hardness level and the highest hatching time was recorded in highest (200 mg/l) concentration of hardness. The highest hatching rates (95%) occurred in groups of eggs that were hardened in the softest water treatment (100 mg/l), whereas the lowest hatching rates (69%) was in T1 (200 mg/l). The highest larval survival (79.46%) was recorded in 200 mg/l water hardness and lowest larval survival rate (65.71%) was found in 100 mg/l hardness. Further, the survival rate had positive relationship with hardness as the rate of larval survival significantly increased with increasing water hardness.Overall results suggested that the water hardness 125 - 150 mg/l is the ideal for egg incubation of L. rajasthanicus for higher fertilization rate, better hatching percentage and more larval survival. These results may be a prelude to effectively utilize the benefits of hardness on better hatching rate and ultimately the cost of production in carp hatcheries.ThesisItem Open Access ENERGETICS OF GROUNDNUT PRODUCTION IN BULLOCK FARMS(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE, 2001-08-13) KUMAR, VIJAY; ANANTACHAR, M.ThesisItem Open Access Genetic characterization and selection parameters for yield, morpho-physiological and quality traits in land races, japonicas and new plant type rices(CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishavavidyalaya, Palampur, 2006) KUMAR, VIJAY; Katoch, P.C.To study the variability, associations among traits, selection indices and diversity among 57 rice genotypes comprising of 21 land races, 18 new plant types and 15 japonicas alongwith three checks China 988, RP 2421 and Naggar Dhan, the experiment was conducting during two consecutive years i.e. Kharif 2004 and 2005 at RWRC, Malan and experimental farm of the Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, CSK HPKV, Palampur. The experiment was laid out in compact family block design with three families (land races, new plant types and japonicas) and three replications. Analysis of variance revealed significant variation for all the characters studied during the years and combined over years at both locations within and among families. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for harvest index at Palampur in land races; for total tillers per plant, effective tillers per plant, spikelets per panicle and grains per panicle at Malan in new plant types; and for spikelets per panicle and grains per panicle at both the locations in japonicas. Heritability estimates were also high for most of the quality traits. At phenotypic level, grain yield per plant exhibited positive and significant associations with total tillers per plant, effective tillers per plant, biological yield per plant and harvest index in land races; with plant height, biological yield per plant and harvest index in new plant types; and with spikelets per panicle, grains per panicle, biological yield per plant and harvest index in japonicas at both the locations. Genotypic correlation coefficients were higher than the phenotypic ones. Selection indices revealed that the combinations of four characters viz., panicle length, effective tillers per plant, spikelet fertility and biological yield per plant in land races; grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight in new plant types; and panicle length and spikelets per panicle in japonicas were more efficient than direct selection for yield. D2- statistics grouped 57 genotypes in to 13 diverse clusters in 1st year, 2nd year and combined over years at Malan, whereas 16, 9 and 10 diverse clusters in 1st year, 2nd year and combined over years, respectively at Palampur. Molecular markers (RAPD) grouped the genotypes in eight different clusters. Clustering pattern did not necessarily follow their geographic or location distribution. The genotypes present in different groups (land races, new plant type and japonica type) were generally present in separate clusters with a few cases of overlapping with both the methods. Days to flowering, days to maturity, grain length and grain width contributed most towards divergence at both the locations. Variation for morphological descriptors was present only in land races and local japonicas. High amount of variation was present for iron content in the grains among land races and new plant types ranging from 0.53 μg/g to 31.27 μg/g and 0.16 μg/g to 48.79 μg/g, respectively, while variation was less in case of japonicas. Variation for zinc content present in grains was in general low.ThesisItem Open Access JOB EXPECTATIONS OF STUDENTS : A CASE STUDY OF SOLAN TOWN(DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT COLLGE OF HORTICULTURE DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY ; SOLAN, 2015) KUMAR, VIJAY; JANJHUA, YASMINThesisItem Open Access OCCURRENCE, DISTRIBUTION AND COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF PLASTIC DEBRIS FROM SEDIMENT IN THE SELECTED BEACHES OF VERAVAL AND ADRI COAST, GUJARAT(COLLEGE OF FISHERIES SCIENCE KAMDHENU UNIVERSITY VERAVAL, 2021) KUMAR, VIJAY; Vaghela, Dr. D. T.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON BACTERIAL PROFILE OF GOAT MEAT AND ITS PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE(duvasu, 2005) KUMAR, VIJAY; vist, bashautiThe habit of raw meat consumption in addition to the poor hygienic standards and lack of knowledge contribute to food-borne diseases outbreaks. The objective of this research was to assess the bacterial quality and safety of fresh meat from retail Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia. A total of 30 fresh meat samples were collected from butcher shops. Standard bacteriological methods were used to isolate and enumerate bacteria. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Salmonella isolates. The mean counts of AMB, TC, and S. aureus were log104.53, 3.97, and 3.88 log10cfu/g, respectively. Salmonella was isolated from 21 (70%) of the samples. Salmonella isolates in this study were highly susceptible to ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, and norfloxacin while they were resistant to erythromycin and tetracycline. High rate of multiple drug resistance was also noticed in Salmonella isolates. The microbial loads of meat were above the recommended microbial safety limits. Besides this, the isolation rate of Salmonella was high and high levels of drug resistance were documented for Salmonella isolates. Measures on handling and appropriate personal hygiene practices of workers in the retail shops are recommended to reduce the change of forborne disease outbreaks.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE AND TIME COMBINATIONS DURING COMPOST PREPARATION FOR THE CULTIVATION OF AGARICUS BISPORUS (LANGE) IMBACH(DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY ; SOLAN, 1989) KUMAR, VIJAY; SHANDILYA, T. RThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON GENETIC AND NON GENETIC FACTORS INFLUENCING ECONOMIC TRAITS ALONG WITH SOME BLOOD PROFILES IN PIGS(RAJENDRA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, 40416) KUMAR, VIJAY; VERMA, S.B.; SINGH, S.R.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON GREY MOULD ROT OF STRAWBERRY AND ITS MANAGEMENT(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY ; SOLAN, 2011) KUMAR, VIJAY; SHARMA, I. MThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON NATURAL AND PNEUMONIC STATUS OF THE MEMBERS BELONGING TO FAMILY MYCOPLASMATACEAE IN SHEEP(RAJASTAN UNIVERSITY OF VETERINARY SCIENCES, BIKANER, 1985) KUMAR, VIJAY; SHARMA, K.NThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA ON WHEAT (Triticum aestivum)GROWING IN MID HILL ZONE OF HIMACHAL PRADESH(UHF,NAUNI, 2019-04) KUMAR, VIJAY; SHARMA, NIVEDITAABSTRACT The present investigation was an attempt made for the isolation and identification of most potent PGPR and to test their efficacy for plant growth promotion of Triticum aestivum. In total 73 bacterial isolates were isolated from six different sites of Solan and Sirmour district. All isolates were screened out for multifarious plant growth promoting traits viz. phosphate solubilization, siderophores, protease, chitinase, cellulase, production of HCN, ammonia and plant growth regulators. Out of total 73 isolates, 60 isolates were positive for P-solubilization, 61 produce siderophore, 62 were positive for protease, 6 were positive for cellulase and 15 were positive for chitinase production, Only 13 showed HCN production and all the isolates showed ammonia production. Three potential PGPR i.e. Dh-7, Kn-7 and De-21 were selected based on criteria of total PGP potential and examination of individual PGP attribute. These isolates were identified as De-21 Pseudomonas putida |MH362752|, Kn-7 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia |MH362753| and Dh-7 Bacillus pumilus |MH362754| by 16S rRNA gene technique. These screened isolates were further examined for the production of plant growth regulators viz., auxins was recorded in the range of 24-64 µg/ml, gibberellins production was found in the range of 110-550 µg/ml, whereas cytokinins production was in the range of 120-370 µg/ml. All the three screened isolates were selected for the net house and field trial at Dharja and Damrog. Treatments of individual strains and their consortia have different effects on the various plant growth promoting parameters. The germination percentage of seeds in net house was recorded 100 % in most of treatments except i.e 95.33% in Kn-7+De-21 with 50% NPK and 96.33% in Dh-7+De-21 with 50% NPK. The maximum shoot height i.e 19.83 cm, chlorophyll ‘a’ content 0.138 mg/g, chlorophyll ‘b’ content 0.264 mg/g and total chlorophyll content 0.386 mg/g were observed under net house conditions.The seeds germination percentage was recorded 100% in each treatment along with control plants (without PGPR inoculations) at both the site except control plants with 50% NPK (95%) at Dharja. The maximum shoot growth i.e 34.13 cm was noticed at Dharja and 24.04 cm was recorded at Damrog. The maximum number of leaves 19 were recorded at Dharja and 18 were recorded at Damrog site. The highest tiller number was recorded 7 per plant at Dharja while it was highest i.e 5 per plant at Damrog site. The maximum size of spike i.e 4.90 cm and 4.40 cm was found at Dharja and Damrog respectively. Maximum grain yield was found in consortia of three isolates with 100% NPK (208.76 gm) with an increase of 47.18% increased closely followed by consortia of three isolates (208.56 gm) with 47.13% increase over control plants. On the basis of these findings, consortia of three isolates (Pseudomonas putida De21, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Kn-7, Bacillus pumilus Dh-7) with 100% NPK was found to be the best treatment among closely followed by consortia of three isolates without any chemical fertilizer. Thus consortia of potential PGPR strains could be used as biofertilizer for sustainable cultivation of Triticum aestivum of which could be helpful in its cultivation. The growth promotion in the various plant parameters of wheat with consortia treatment over control (without PGPR inoculation) have successfully fulfilled the main objectives of this study.ThesisItem Open Access VALUATION AND MANAGEMENT OF WETLAND ECOSYSTEM IN HIMACHAL PRADESH(COLLEGE OF FORESTRY DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI, SOLAN, 2002) KUMAR, VIJAY; PRASHAR, R. S