Browsing by Author "KUMAR, DEEPAK"
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ThesisItem Open Access A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON BRAND PREFERENCES FOR CONSUMER ELECTRONIC GOODS(DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT COLLGE OF HORTICULTURE DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY ; SOLAN, 2013) KUMAR, DEEPAK; KUMAR KRISHANThesisItem Open Access AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF SUGARCANE BASED INTERCROPPING SYSTEM IN EAST-CHAMPARAN DISTRICT OF BIHAR(DRPCAU, PUSA, 2021) KUMAR, DEEPAK; SINGH, S. PIndia is the world largest producer of sugar accounts for 19.14 per cent of the world production. India achieved a record of 414.20 million tonnes production of sugarcane in 2018-19 from an area about 5.50 million hectares.Populationgrowth across the globe and diminishing arable land on account of urbanization has created needs for searching alternative ways to enhance crop productivity and boost the economicreturns per unit land for feeding such a huge population. Sugarcane cultivation is done having wide spaces among rows and is a long duration crop and gives late net returns. Intercropping in sugarcane has received much attention and could be helpful in gettingoptimum net returns from same unit area with proper management practices. East Champaran district of Bihar is the second largest sugarcane growing district and farmers in the district are practising various intercropping systems with sugarcane. Hence, the present study "An economic analysis of sugarcane based intercropping system in East-Champaran district of Bihar"wascarried out to assess the socio-economic characteristics, identification of the existing sugarcane based intercropping system, to estimate the cost and return, access the employment pattern and to identify the constraints faced by the farmers in sugarcane based intercropping system in the study area. The study is based on primary data collected for the agricultural year 2019-20 keeping in mind the objectives of the study. A list of farmers growing sugarcane based intercrops was prepared and thereafter, altogether 120 farmers from two blocks of the district were randomly selected. The result clearly pointed out that small farmer put more area under sugarcane cultivation and were regarded as dominant sugarcane grower in the study area as compared to the medium and large farmers. It wasalso observed thatonly 88.33 per cent sample farmers were literate and rest 11.67 per cent were illiterate. Existing sugarcane based intercropping system indicated that majority of sample sugarcane growers cultivated CS-I (sugarcane + potato), followed by CS-II(sugarcane + mustard) in autumn season and CS-III (sugarcane + green gram) in spring season.It was observed that sugarcane + potato was the most prominent intercrop in the study area. Comparative costs and returns analysis under different cropping system revealed that the total cost of cultivation per hectare (cost A) was found to be high in CS-I, (Rs 1,60,032.45 ha-1), followed by CS-III, (Rs 1,26,703.38 ha-1), CS-II (Rs1,25,931.39 ha-1) and lowest on CS-IV(Rs1,17,994.02 ha-1), whereas total cost of cultivation over (cost B) was highest in CS-I (Rs 2,01,529.56 ha-1), followed by CS-III (Rs 1,64,489.85 ha-1), CS-II (Rs 1,63,675.79 ha-1) and lowest in CS-IV (Rs 1,51,519.63 ha-1) sole crop.The total cost of cultivation per hectare over (cost C) was estimated to be the highest in CS-I (Rs 2,29,736.70ha-1), followed by cropping system III (Rs 1,89,351.36 ha-1) and lowest on (Rs 1,71,642.52 ha-1) on cropping system IV (sugarcane sole crop). The gross return wascalculated to be the larger in case of CS-I (Rs 5,86,170.36 ha-1), followed by CS-II (Rs 4,03,253.87 ha-1), CS-III (Rs 3,79,212.58 ha-1) and CS-IV sole crop (Rs 2,90,529.66 ha-1), the net returns per hectare over cost A and cost C were found to be relatively high in CS-I being (Rs 4,26,137.91 ha-1) & (Rs 3,56,433.60 ha-1) followed by CS-II (Rs 2,77,322.48 ha-1) & (Rs 2,17,774.91 ha-1), CS III (Rs 2,52,509.20 ha-1) & (Rs 1,89,861.22 ha-1) and CS-IV (Rs 1,72,535.64 ha-1) & (Rs 1,18,887.14 ha-1), respectively.Thus, it may be opined from above findings that CS-I (sugarcane +Potato) wasobserved more profitable on account of high productivity and remunerative for main crop as well as intercrops as compared to other cropping systems followed in the study area. Employment generation underfour intercropping systems in study area revealed that CS-I per hectare employment creation under sugarcane based intercropping system was found to be higher(251.56 mandays) followed by CS-III (221.30 mandays), CS-II (209.57mandays) and lowest in CS-IV (206.64mandays) per hectare. The cultivation of sugarcane based intercropping systems which werelabour intensive farming in the area under consideration. The constraints associated with different cropping systems under study were identified as the major constraint like unavailability of labour during peak season, resulting in high labour wage rate during peak season and scarcity of labour also on account of engagement under MANREGA during production of sugarcane under different cropping systems in the study area. Further,unavailability of fertilizersin time was ranked as the second major constraint as it was identified by the farmers during production of sugarcane under different cropping systems under study. Besides these major constraints, the other less severe problem were also observed like damage by animal, unavailability of improved verities of seeds, high cost of production, pest and disease infestation and expenses on improved technology.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of vermiwash from different organic resources on growth, yield and quality of organic blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper](MPUT, UDAIPUR, 2019-06-28) KUMAR, DEEPAK; Massey, J. X.A field experiment entitled “Effect of Vermiwash From Different Organic Resources on Growth, Yield and Quality of Organic Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]” was conducted at Organic farming unit, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, MPUAT, Udaipur during kharif, 2018. The soil of the experimental site was clay loam in texture with 241.2, 20.9 and 351.3 kg ha-1 available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, respectively in 0-30 cm soil depth with pH 8.1 and 0.55 per cent organic carbon. The experiment consisted of nine treatments [vermiwash from 100% cow dung, vermiwash from 100% buffalo dung, vermiwash from 50% cow dung + 25% dry farm waste + 25% green farm waste, vermiwash from 50% buffalo dung + 25% dry farm waste + 25% green farm waste, vermiwash from 90% green waste incubated with 10% cowdung, vermiwash from 90% green waste incubated with 10% buffalo dung, vermiwash from 90% dry waste incubated with 10% cow dung, vermiwash from 90% dry waste incubated with 10% buffalo dung and water spray (control)]. The nine treatments were replicated thrice in Randomize Block Design. Blackgram variety PU- 31 was used as test crop. A significant increase in plant height and dry matter at 45, 60 DAS and at harvest, root length at 45 and 60 DAS, number of effective root nodules at 50% flowering, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll at 45 DAS, number of pods plant-1 and number of seeds pod-1, test weight, seed yield, haulm yield and biological yield, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc and iron content in seed and haulm and their uptake and protein content in seed were observed with the application of vermiwash from 100% cow dung over control and other treatments. Vermiwash from 100% cow dung have minimum pH and electric conductivity and contain maximum organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium followed by vermiwash from 50% cow dung + 25% dry farm waste + 25% green farm * M.Sc. Scholar, Department of Agronomy, RCA, Udaipur-313001 ** Professor (Agronomy), MPUAT, Udaipur-313001 waste under 35 days after collection of vermiwash over other vermiwash treatments. Significantly the highest seed yield (800 kg ha-1) and net returns ( 62,592 ha-1) of blackgram was obtained with the application of vermiwash from 100% cow dung. Application of vermiwash from different organic resources had no significant effect on plant population, harvest index and soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic carbon content, available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc and iron content of soil after harvest of blackgram.ThesisItem Open Access IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MARKETING POTENTIAL OF KRISHI USHA WEEDER DEVELOPED BY USHA MARTIN LIMITED(Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 2011) KUMAR, DEEPAK; LAL, H.C.Project on “ Impact assessment and marketing potential of Krishi Usha Weeder developed by Usha Martin Ltd.” was carried out under KGVK Agro Ltd at Ranchi during 2011. The specific objective of this study was to study the market potential of Krishi Usha Weeder and to study farmer’s preferences for Krishi Usha weeder. KGVK Agro Ltd. Ranchi selected purposively for the project work. To knew the marketing potential and farmer’s preferences for Krishi Usha Weeders, some NGOs and farmers were selected who were supposed to work on SRI. Some questions were asked through questionnaire format so that I could cull information related to my objective. I asked ngos like adoption rate of SRI by farmers , weeder preferences, location, no. of farmers working with, awareness of Krishi Usha Weeder etc. and to farmers I asked about the satisfaction level with SRI, Satisfaction with Krishi Usha Weeder, awareness of Krishi Usha Weeder, price affordability of Krishi Usha weeders, yield increase (SRI vs Traditional), willingness to go on with SRI etc. I finalized my report based on my questionnaire and I found in Jharkhand there is an immense potential of Krishi Usha weeder as per the farmers preferences, ngo’s preferences and also due to Jharkhand government who wants the state should contribute 1.6 lacs hectare under SRI in 2011. . Whereas the farmer’s preferences are concerned, the farmers are very enthusiastic to indulge in SRI agronomic practices and happy with Krishi Usha Weeders. Future of SRI is good but as far as longevity is concerned it depends upon the soil fertility that can also be maintained well under integrated soil health management.ThesisItem Open Access PATHO-MORPHOLOGICAL CLINICO PATHOLOGICAL AND RESIDUAL EFFECT OF INDUCED LEVOFLOXACIN TOSITY IN BROILER BIRDS(BIHAR VETERINARY COLLEGE, 2017-01-02) SUMAN, SUSHMA; KUMAR, DEEPAK; CHANDRAMANI, DR.ThesisItem Open Access PATHO-MORPHORPHOLOGICAL AND CLINICO PATHOLOGICAL ALTERATION OF INDECED CHLOROPYRIFOS TOXICITY IN VANARAJA BIRDS(BIHAR VETERINARY COLLEGE, 2017-01-01) YADAV, SIKANDAR; KUMAR, DEEPAK; CHANDRAMANI, DRThesisItem Open Access RESPONSE OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC SOURCES OF NUTRIENTS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF POTATO (Solanum tuberosum L.)(DRPCAU, PUSA, 2021) KUMAR, DEEPAK; Kumar, AmrendraThis field experiment was conducted during the Rabi season of year 2020-21 on potato crop with variety Kufri Lalit to test the “Response of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on growth and yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)” at Research farm of TCA, Dholi (Muzaffarpur), Bihar. The treatment combination is i.e., T1 - control, T2 – 50 % RDF, T3 – 100 % RDF, T4 - Crop residue incorporation (Rice straw 5t/ha) + Biofertilizer (Azotobacter, PSB, Trichoderma viride 5kg/ha each), T5 - T4 + FYM 25t/ha, T6 - T4 + Vermicompost 7.5 t/ha, T7 - T4 + Neem cake 5t/ha, T8 - T4 + Poultry manure 3 t/ha. This experiment has conducted in randomized block design and thrice replicated it. The texture of experimental site was sandy loam with slightly alkaline in reaction (pH 8.31), low in organic carbon (0.47%) and available N (254 kg/ha). However, moderate in availability of P (17.4 kg/ha) and K (129.3 kg/ha), respectively. All growth and yield parameter like percent emergence, plant's height, shoot's number/plant, leave's number/plant, dry matter accumulation, tuber's bulking rate, yield attributes and yield were significantly influenced by the organic and inorganic sources of nutrients. Among all treatments, treatment T6 - T4 + Vermicompost 7.5 t/ha recorded higher per cent emergence (95.99 %), plant's height (43.10), shoot's number/plant (5.47), leave's number/plant (54.60), dry matter accumulation (84.80 g/plant), tuber's bulking rate (7.48 g/plant/day), tuber yield (24.12 t/ha) and treatment T6 also recorded statistically at par with treatment T3, T5. Total uptake of N (142.75 kg/ha), P (25.41 kg/ha) and K (140.37 kg/ha) by crop and available N (248 kg/ha), P (23.1 kg/ha) and K (174 kg/ha) in soil after harvest of the crop recorded highest in treatment T6. In case of economic study, the highest net returns (2,11,587 ₹/ha) and benefit cost ratio (2.77) recorded from inorganic treatment T3 (100 % RDF). However, uppermost tuber yield (24.12 t/ha) and gross return (2,91,535 ₹/ha) were obtained from treatment T6 - Crop residue incorporation (Rice straw 5t/ha) + Biofertilizer (Azotobacter, PSB, Trichoderma viride 5kg/ha each) + Vermicompost (7.5t/ha). Treatment T6 also found statistically at par in terms of tuber's yield, gross return with treatment T3 (100 % RDF- 150:90:100 kg/ha NPK) tuber's yield (23.83 t/ha), gross return (2,88,099 ₹/ha) and with treatment T5 - Crop residue incorporation (Rice straw 5t/ha) + Biofertilizer (Azotobacter, PSB, Trichoderma viride 5kg/ha each) + FYM (25t/ha) tuber's yield (22.53 t/ha), gross return (2,72,380 ₹/ha). Conclusively organic treatments were not comparable with inorganic RDF treatment in terms of benefit cost ratio due to higher cost of organic inputs.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON INCIDENCE ,CYTOPATHOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY OF COMMONLY OCCURRING NEOPLASMS IN CANINE(BIHAR VETERINARY COLLEGE, 2017-01-01) ARYA, SUBHASH KUMAR DAS; KUMAR, KAUSHAL; KUMAR, DEEPAK