Browsing by Author "Joshi, K. I."
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ThesisItem Open Access DIAGNOSTIC SURVEY FOR CULTIVATION PRACTICES OF BANANA (Musa Spp.) CROP IN CENTRAL GUJARAT(AAU, Anand, 2001) Vihol, Natavarji Jugalji; Joshi, K. I.The present investigation on "Diagnostic survey for cultivation practices of banana (Musa spp.) crop in Central Gujarat" was undertaken to understand the weaknesses and strengths of existing cultivation practices, to identify the future needs of research and to recommend innovative techniques and strengths of practices for improving productivity among poor performers. The major output of the work is being presented below in terms of strengths, weakness and researchable issues. Strengths: Prevalence of suitable climatic and edaphic conditions for banana cultivation. Industry is in the hands of medium to big size resource rich farmers who have allotted more than 50 per cent of their land holding to banana crop. Growers are experienced in banana cultivation for 15 to 30 years. Industry is based on a few but highly productive varieties. The farmers at large are receptive about new innovations and rate of adoption of standard package of practices is of very high level due to which yield levels are high and quality of produce is superior. Weaknesses: Narrow varietal base and use of untested cultivars in cultivation. Use of old and imported planting material and non-use of pre planting treatment of suckers against soil borne diseases and pests. Planting time is slightly late. Excessive use of nutrients especially N and absence of Ca, Zn and Fe nutrition. Overdose of irrigation High cost of inputs and labour. Rare use of plant protection measures inspite of prevalence of many diseases and pests such as rhizome rot, leaf spot diseases, viral diseases, nematodes, rhizome weevil and premature ripening. Heavy loss of crop due to delayed fruiting. Absence of regulated marketing system and inadequate infrastructure. Absence of scientific basis for a number of cultural practices like earthing up, removal of male buds and propping. Researchable issues: Development and evaluation of more productive cultivars for broad basing the industry. Development of effective and user friendly pre-planting treatments for reducing the disease load on planting material. Development of high density plantation system in combination with drip. Rationalization of nutrient use and improvement in their use efficiency. Management of Ca, Zn and Fe nutrition. Sustenance of natural resource base especially the quality of soil. Irrigation management including fertigation. Mechanization to reduce human drudgery. Development of IPM strategy for major pests and diseases. Rationalization of cultural practices like desuckering, earthing up, propping and male bud removal. Regulation of hands in bunches for high quality of crop. Investigation on marketing strategy and post harvest handling procedures for all types of markets. Development of effective ToT system through participatory mode. In future research agenda for banana in Gujarat Agricultural University, these issues need priority for sustaining banana industry on sound footings. This type of work needs to be extended to other commercial fruit crops of Gujarat. Finally the poor performers may also be advised to have scientific approach in the cultivation of banana crop by adopting available technology developed through research efforts in the university.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF Fe' AND Zn' ON GROWTH, FLOWERING AND YIELD OF CHINA ASTER (Callistephus chinensis L. Nees)(AAU, Anand, 2005) Rajput, Sandip Govind; Joshi, K. I.The present investigation entitled "Effect of foliar application of 'Fe' and 'Zn' on growth, flowering and yield of China aster (Callistephus chinensis L. Nees)" was carried at College Nursery of B.A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand during the rabbi season of 2004 - 05. The treatments comprising two micronutrients viz., FeS04 (@ 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8%) and ZnS04 (@ 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5% and 0.6%) each sprayed at 30, 45 and 60 days after transplanting along with control were tried in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The results revealed that application of ZnS04 @ 0.5% (Tg) at an interval of 30, 45, and 60 days after transplanting produced significantly maximum plant height (62.48cm), plant spread (24.53cm East-West direction and 26.72cm North-South direction), and number of branches (22.40) per plant. The next best treatment was FeS04 @ 0.4% (T3), which recorded significantly maximum number of leaves (396.79) per plant at maturity stage and required significantly minimum days for emergence of first flower bud (61.97) and for full opening of first flower (82.13) as compared to control (70.75 and 91.11 days, respectively). Treatment ZnS04 @ 0.5% (T8) recorded significantly maximum flower stalk length (28.43cm) followed by treatment FeS04 @ 0.4% (26.84cm) as compared to control (21.29cm), however effect on flower diameter was non significant. The treatment of ZnS04 @ 0.5% (T8) recorded the significantly the highest number of flowers (63.24) and weight of flowers (164.42 g) per plant as well as flower yield (182.69q) per hectare as compared to control. The next best treatments was FeS04 @ 0.4% (T3), also gave significantly higher values for number, weight and yield of flowers as compared to control and remained at par with T§ treatment. The application of ZnS04 @ 0.5% (T8) and FeS04 @ 0.4% (T3) produced flowers with significantly maximum vase life 9.53 days and 9.47 days, respectively as compared to 7.40 days in control. In case of shelf life differences were found not significant.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF NAPHTHELIC ACETIC ACID AND WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF POTATO (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cv. Kufri Badshah(AAU, Anand, 2002) Laxmishanker, Shukla Pradipkumar; Joshi, K. I.A field investigation was carried out during Rabi season of 2001-2002 on sandy loam soil of Horticultural Research Farm, Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand Campus, Anand, to study the "EFFECT OF NAPHTHELIC ACETIC ACID AND WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF POTATO (Solanum tuberosum. L.) Cv. Kufri Badshah". The experiment was conducted in factorial randomized block design with three levels foliar spray of NAA (N1: 50 ppm, N2: 100 ppm and N3: 150 ppm) and six different weed management practices (W1: Metribuzin 0.30 kg/ha applied at 10 DAP, W2; Metribuzin 0.60 kg/ha applied at 10 DAP, W3: Fluchloralin 0.45 kg/ha applied as pre emergence, W4: Fluchloralin 0.90 kg/ha applied as pre emergence weedicides, W5: Weed free (HW at 30, 45 and 60 DAP) and W6: Weedy check). In all eighteen treatment combinations were laid out with three replications. The results revealed that application of growth regulator NAA had significant effect on monocot and dicot weed count/m2 recorded at 60 DAP and at harvest, while monocot and dicot weed count/m2 recorded at 30 DAP, dry weight of monocot and dicot weed (q/ha) recorded to harvest were unaffected. All the weed parameters were recorded lower under concentration foliar spray of NAA 150 ppm followed by NAA 100 ppm. Among different levels foliar spray of NAA application, increasing levels if NAA showed variation in all the growth parameters as well as yield attributes of potato. However, growth and yield attributes like, plant height measured at harvest, number of leaves/plant at 60 DAP, tuber yield (kg/plot), tuber weight grade A and grade B and starch content were significantly affected due to levels foliar spray of NAA. While plant population and number of leaves/plant measured at 45 DAP were unaffected. Over all the concentration foliar spray of NAA 100 ppm was found to be superior over NAA 50 ppm and 150 PPM. Application foliar spray of NAA 150 ppm and NAA 100 ppm gave significantly the higher tuber yield (q/ha) and total crop biomass (kg/plot), respectively as compared to foliar spray of NAA 50 ppm. All the weed control treatments significantly reduced the population of both monocot and dicot weeds at 30 DAP, 60 DAP and at harvest as well as there dry weight recorded at harvest as compared to unweeded check. Among all the weed management practices, weed free treatments (HW at 30, 45 and 60 DAP) followed by fluchloralin 0.90 kg/ha applied as pre emergence and metribuzin 0.60 kg/ha applied at 10 DAP were found to be superior over other treatments with respect to reducing weed count/m2 as well as dry weight of both monocot and dicot weeds (q/ha). Similarly same trend was observed for weed control efficiency (%) while lower weed index was noticed under fluchloralin 0.90 kg/ha followed by metribuzin 0.60 kg/ha, however, weedy check recorded highest weed index. Further, growth yield attributes and yield of potato were significantly affected due to different weed management practices. Plant height (cm), number of leaves/plant at 60 DAP, plant population no/meter row length, tuber yield (kg/plot), tuber weight grade A and grade B (kg/plot), starch content (%), tuber yield (q/ha) and total crop biomass (kg/plot) were observed highest under weed free treatment (HW at 30 DAP, 45 DAP and 60 DAP) followed by pre emergence application of fluchloralin 0.90 kg/ha and metribuzin 0.60 kg/ha applied at 10 DAP. However, all these characters were found significantly the lowest under unweedcheck. Looking to the economics of various treatment combinations, N2W4 realized maximum net profit (Rs. 41592/ha) as well as CBR (1:1.81). Application foliar spray of NAA 100 ppm recorded highest net realization (Rs. 26616/ha) and highest CBR values (1:1.53), while weed management practices, treatment W4 recorded maximum net realization (Rs. 33016/ha) and CBR value (1:1.65).ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND VASE LIFE OF AFRICAN MARIGOLD (Tagetes erecta) Cv. 'Lemon Yellow'(AAU, Anand, 2000) NILESHCHANDRA, PANDYA PURVI; Joshi, K. I.The effect of plant growth regulators on growth, yield and vase life of African marigold (Tagetes erecta) Cv. 'Lemon Yellow' was studied at the College Nursery, B.A. College of Agriculture, Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand Campus, Anand during the winter season of 1999-2000. The treatments comprised of three different concentrations of GA3 (50, 100 and 150 ppm), CCC (250, 500 and 750 ppm) and NAA (100, 200 and 300 ppm) including control (water spray). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design and replicated thrice. The results revealed that GA3 150 ppm produced significantly maximum plant height and number of branches followed by GA3 100 ppm. Significantly earliest flowering was observed with GA3 150 ppm followed by GA3 100 ppm while it was delayed significantly in case of CCC 750 ppm. Treatment of GA3 150 ppm produced maximum flowers per plant, plot and hectare followed by GA3 100 ppm and significantly highest yield was also recorded with GA3 150 ppm followed by GA3 100 ppm per plant, plot and hectare. From the vase life point of view, it could be inferred that CCC 500 ppm proved to be the best in improving the vase life of African marigold (T. erecta) Cv. 'Lemon Yellow'.ThesisItem Open Access LINE X TESTER ANALYSIS FOR COMBINING ABILITY, HETEROSIS AND GENE ACTION IN OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench(AAU, Anand, 2004) AHLAWAT, TIMUR RAMPAL; Joshi, K. I.The present investigation entitled "Line x Tester analysis for combining ability, heterosis and gene action in okra (Ahelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench)" was undertaken at Main Vegetable Research Station, Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand during kharif 2000 and 2001. The experimental material comprising of fifteen females, five males, their 75 hybrids and standard hybrid check GOH-1 was evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications in both the environments. Observations were recorded on fruit yield per plant and eight other yield components. The individual environment-wise and pooled analysis of variance revealed sufficient variation among the genotypes for all the traits studied, indicating the existence of sufficient variability in the material. The pooled analysis over environments revealed that environmental differences were non-significant for all the characters, thereby suggesting that the characters were not influenced by the changes in environment. Considerable level of heterosis was observed for fruit yield and its component traits. Maximum heterosis was observed for number of primary branches per plant followed by fruit yield per plant, plant height, fruits per plant and fruit weight. However, the magnitude of heterosis varied in different environments for the various traits studied.