Browsing by Author "Ganapathi, P"
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ArticleItem Open Access Case Studies on Mastitis Metritis Agalactia: A Challenge to Swine Breeders(2020-01) Ganapathi, P; Paramasivam, A; Subash, R; Kumaravelu, N; TANUVASSuccess of swine industry is mainly based on weaning of healthy piglets after farrowing. Mastitis-Metritis-Agalactia syndrome is one of the main reason to cause morbidity and mortality in the young piglets before one week old. This syndrome often developed due to bacterial infection in the urogenital tract at the time of farrowing. The MMA complex syndrome reduces the milk production in the farrowing sows. The present study was conducted in an organised swine breeding farm located in the Erode district of Tamil Nadu. For this study, six sows in 3rd to 5th litters affected with MMA complex over 3 years of period were taken into account. In present study, cases of the MMA complex were conformed based on the initial mucopurulent foul-smelling discharge from the urogenital tract, off feed and the reduced piglet activity. All the affected animals were treated with injection of Ceftriaxone 3 grams, Meloxicam 20 ml and Chlorpheniramine maleate 10 ml at 12 hours interval. For improving the milk production, every day 4 boluses of Increlac were also given orally along with the feed. All the six cases were successfully recovered from the syndrome and weaned the healthy pigletsOtherItem Open Access ESTABLISHMENT OF SEMINAL PARAMETERS VALUES FOR ENDANGERED BARGUR CATTLE(2019-12) Ganapathi, P; Manokaran, S; Prakash, S; et al.; TANUVASA Bargur cattle is an endangered cattle breed present in Anthiyur Taluk of Erode district. It is known for its suitability in the hilly agricultural operations. Population of these cattle breed downturn drastically in the past decades due to mechanisation of agriculture and indiscriminate breeding of these animals. Ex situ Conservation of the Bargur cattle through the preservationof male gametes was proposed to increase the population size of these breed. For this operation twenty numbers of Bargur calves were procured from the Bargur cattle breeding tract based on the phenotypes and dams yield. All the selected calves were screened for Karyological screening to rule out the chromosomal abnormality. Genetically transmitted diseases and infectious diseases were screened as per the approved protocol recommended by the Central Monitoring Unit, Government of India. The average age of bull calves at the time of selection was about 1 to 1.5 years, these animals reared under the organised farm till the semen donation was started. The bulls were shifted fromBargur cattle research station to Semen Bank, VC & RI, Namakkal for semen collection and preservation. The average body weight of breeding bulls at the time of semen collection was 183.133 2.14 kgs.The normal seminal parameters such as volume (ml), colour, consistency, mass activity (scale 0-5) and sperm concentration (million/ml) was recorded.The mean volume of the semen samples were 3.708 0.125 ml.The colour of all the samples was creamy white. The mass activity of Bargur semen was 3.93 0.118 and the concentration 1221.01± 56.09.This is the first time the semen was collected from the endangered Bargur bulls and values may be used as referral values for Bargur breed. The semen was diluted according to their concentration and proceeds for further processing.Book chapterItem Open Access Haematological Guide for Endangered Bargur Breed – The Hilly Cattle of Tamil Nadu(2020-05) Ganapathi, P; Manokari, Gowri; Kumaravelu, KV; Subash, N; Kumar, V; TANUVASBargur cattle breed is a medium sized, draught breed of cattle available in Tamil Nadu, India and it is a unique breed well adapted to special type of climatic, nutritional, environmental and pathogenic exposure. The current study was formulated to establish the normal reference haematological range for different age groups of Bargur cattle which were maintained in the TANUVAS-Bargur Cattle Research Station, Bargur, Tamil Nadu, India. In this study, haematological parameters such as Total Erythrocyte Count (TEC) 106/μL, Total leukocyte count (TLC)103/μL , Packed cell volume (PCV) per centage, Haemoglobin concentration (Hb) g/dL , Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)(fl) , Mean Corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) pg, Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) g/dL and platelets 103/μL were estimated with use of Automatic Haematological Analyser for different age groups. The average corresponding values were 8.46 ± 0.42, 11423.08 ± 518.52, 34.40 ± 2.31, 11.15 ± 0.79, 40.89 ± 1.63, 13.31 ± 0.54, 32.62 ± 0.50 and 303785.71 ± 23665.90, respectively, obtained in the present study for adult Bargur cattle. Study results indicated that all the haematological values were under the normal physiological range. These findings of this study may serve as reference values in which alterations due to metabolic, nutrient deficiency, physiological and health status can be compared for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.ArticleItem Open Access Identification of nucleotide variation in CatSper2 gene in crossbred breeding bulls(2021) Ganapathi, P; Murali, N; Saravanan, R, et al.,; TANUVASAmong the many genes governing sperm functions, a group of genes have been reported to control ion channels that play an important role in sperm motility. They were named the cation channel of sperm (CatSper) and further known to have five members, viz. CatSper 1, 2, 3, 4, and β (7). Any mutations in them were proposed as the cause of poor motility in sperms and infertility. Nucleotide alterations pertaining to Catsper gene cause poor motility in sperm production and infertility. Among the calcium-permeable channels present on sperm cells, only CatSper1 and 2 are known to be indispensable for male fertility. Exon 2 of CatSper2 gene was amplified and sequenced. There are two nucleotide changes observed, conversion of C nucleotide in 276th position to A nucleotide (g.276C>A) (Transversion) and conversion of A nucleotide to C in the 277th position (g.277A>C). In the translation process, the nucleotide changes at 276th and 277th position (g.276C>A and g.277A>C) does not reveal any amino acid change in the amino acid sequence, in both Jersey crossbred bulls and Holstein Friesian crossbred bull.ArticleItem Open Access Milk yield, composition, and lactation curve models of Bargur cattle under farmers’ production system in their native habitat(2022) Ganapathi, P; Venkataramanan, R; Ambike, Vrinda B.; Subash, R; TANUVASMilk yield and composition traits (fat (%) and SNF (%)) from 1229 test day records of 205 Bargur cattle maintained under a farmers’ production system were studied. This breed is known for its adaptability to the hilly tracts of Erode District in Tamil Nadu. Performance recording was done in the natural habitat through the test-day milk yield from lactating cows in the farmers’ herds. Effects of non-genetic factors like season, year, parity, stage of lactation, and days from calving were studied using mixed models with animal taken as a random effect. Estimated marginal means for daily milk yield (DMY, L/day), fat (%), and SNF (%) were 2.05 ± 0.03, 4.08 ± 0.03%, and 8.19 ± 0.01%, respectively. Stage of lactation was highly significant (P < 0.01) for DMY, fat, and SNF. Season and year were significant for DMY and SNF, where higher productivity was obtained in the monsoon season, but fat remained constant in all the seasons. Parity was significant (P < 0.05) only for SNF, and year was significant for DMY (P < 0.01) and SNF (P < 0.05). Persistency was 5.9% calculated using Wood’s gamma function and 63.0% calculated using the ratio of predicted yields. This was slightly lower compared to dairy breeds of cattle. Thirteen different lactation curve models were used for fitting of Bargur cattle lactation curve, and the Parabolic exponential model was the best fitting model based on model diagnostic criteria.ArticleItem Open Access Milk yield, composition, and lactation curve models of Bargur cattle under farmers’ production system in their native habitat(2022) Ganapathi, P; Venkataramanan, R; B. Ambike, Vrinda; Subash, R; TANUVASMilk yield and composition traits (fat (%) and SNF (%)) from 1229 test day records of 205 Bargur cattle maintained under a farmers’ production system were studied. This breed is known for its adaptability to the hilly tracts of Erode District in Tamil Nadu. Performance recording was done in the natural habitat through the test-day milk yield from lactating cows in the farmers’ herds. Effects of non-genetic factors like season, year, parity, stage of lactation, and days from calving were studied using mixed models with animal taken as a random effect. Estimated marginal means for daily milk yield (DMY, L/day), fat (%), and SNF (%) were 2.05 ± 0.03, 4.08 ± 0.03%, and 8.19 ± 0.01%, respectively. Stage of lactation was highly significant (P < 0.01) for DMY, fat, and SNF. Season and year were significant for DMY and SNF, where higher productivity was obtained in the monsoon season, but fat remained constant in all the seasons. Parity was significant (P < 0.05) only for SNF, and year was significant for DMY (P < 0.01) and SNF (P < 0.05). Persistency was 5.9% calculated using Wood’s gamma function and 63.0% calculated using the ratio of predicted yields. This was slightly lower compared to dairy breeds of cattle. Thirteen different lactation curve models were used for fitting of Bargur cattle lactation curve, and the Parabolic exponential model was the best fitting model based on model diagnostic criteria.ArticleItem Open Access தமிழக வெள்ளாடுகள்(2018-08) Jeyakumar, M; Saravanan, R; Malarmathi, M; Ganapathi, P; Murali, N; Gopi, P; TANUVAS