Browsing by Author "CHANDRA MOULI, G"
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ThesisItem Open Access CREDIT REQUIREMENTS AND IMPACT OF CREDIT ON IRRIGATED COTTON FARMS IN NANDYAL MANDALAM, KURNOOL DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH(Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, 1988) CHANDRA MOULI, G; PANDURANGA RAO, ACREDIT REQUIREMENTS AND IMPACT OF CREDIT ON IRRIGATED COTTON FARMS IN NANDYAL MANDALAM, KURNOOL DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESHThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF DRIP IRRIGATION LEVELS AND MULCHING ON TOMATO PRODUCTIVITY(ACHARYA N. G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, 2012) VIJAY KUMAR, AREKAR; CHANDRA MOULI, GA field experiment was conducted at Water Technology Centre, College farm, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during Rabi, 2011-12 to study the “Effect of drip irrigation levels and mulching on tomato productivity”. The experiment was laid out in strip plot design with three drip irrigation levels as main treatments (viz., I1 - Drip irrigation at 1.0 E pan, I2 - Drip irrigation at 0.8 E pan, I3 - Drip irrigation at 0.6 E pan) and four mulches (viz., M1-bio-degradable mulch, M2-polythene mulch, M3-paddy straw and M4-no mulch) as sub treatments and were replicated thrice. The experimental soil was sandy clay loam in texture with low in available nitrogen, high in available phosphorus and potassium. The plant height and dry matter production were maximum with drip irrigation scheduled at 1.0 E pan at all the growth stages and application of polythene mulch. Significantly higher total number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant and total fruit yield was observed in drip irrigation scheduled at 1.0 E pan with application of polythene mulch (54.00 plant-1), (2.70 kg plant-1) and (36.78 t ha-1) while the less number of fruits (42 plant-1), yield plant-1 (2.10 kg) and fruit yield (27.25 t ha-1), respectively were observed with irrigation schedule at 0.6 E pan without mulch. Total NPK content in tomato fruits and haulms at harvest was not significantly influenced by both irrigation levels and mulches. Significantly higher uptake of N, P and K was observed with drip irrigation scheduled at 1.0 E pan and was on par with drip irrigation scheduled at 0.8 E pan in both haulms and fruit. Similarly application of polythene mulch also recorded significantly higher uptake of NPK. Drip irrigation scheduled at 0.6 E pan recorded higher water use efficiency (122.88 Kg ha mm-1). The least WUE was observed in drip irrigation at 1.0 E pan. On the other hand maximum WUE was recorded with application of polythene mulch (112.87 Kg ha mm-1) while the least was recorded with no mulch (94.88 Kg ha mm-1). Drip irrigation scheduled at 0.6 E pan recorded the highest total soluble solids and ascorbic acid content and it was significantly superior to rest of the irrigation levels. Application of polythene mulch recorded significantly higher total soluble solids and ascorbic acid content at harvest and superior to rest of the mulch treatments. Drip irrigation scheduled at 1.0 E pan and application of polythene mulch recorded significantly higher juice content over other treatments. Significantly lower weed density and dry matter was observed with application of polythene mulch compared to all other mulches. Maximum net returns (Rs. 1, 29, 551 ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.34) were associated with drip irrigation scheduled at 1.0 E pan while the least net returns (Rs.1, 10, 444 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.93) were observed with drip irrigation scheduled at 0.6 E pan. Application of polythene mulch recorded maximum net returns (Rs. 1, 30, 999 ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.34). From the present study, it can be concluded that drip irrigation scheduling at 1.0 E pan with application of polythene mulch will be the best combination for getting higher tomato fruit yield and net income under the present Agro climatic conditions of semi arid tropics.ThesisItem Open Access IMPACT OF MULCHES ON WATER DYNAMICS FOR CHRYSANTHEMUM CROP UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM(PROFESSOR JAYASHANKAR TELANGANA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD, 2016) JAWAHARLAL, DHARAVATH; CHANDRA MOULI, GA field experiment was conducted at Precision Farming Development Center, college farm, college of agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during kharif, 2014-2015 to study the “Impact of mulches on water dynamics for chrysanthemum (dendranthema grandiflora l.) crop under drip irrigation system”. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three drip irrigation levels as main plot treatments (viz., I1- Drip irrigation at 1.0E pan, I2- Drip irrigation 0.8E pan, I3- Drip irrigation 0.6E pan) and four mulches (viz., M1-no mulch, M2- paddy straw, M3- black plastic mulch, M4- dried leaves) as sub treatments and were replicated thrice. The experimental soil was sandy clay loam in texture with low in available nitrogen and high in available phosphorus and potassium. The plant height, weed dry matter and number of branches were maximum with drip irrigation scheduled at 1.0 E pan at all the growth stages and under of black plastic mulch. Significantly higher yield (401.8 kg/plot) per plot was observed in drip irrigation scheduled at 1.0 E pan with application of polythene mulch. While the less yield of 261 kg/plot were observed with drip irrigation scheduled at 0.6 E pan without mulches. The maximum yield of 329.2 kg/plot was observed under black plastic mulch and lowest yield (173.2 kg/plot) observed for no mulch condition. Moisture content was estimated under all three main plot treatments and four subplot treatments. Higher moisture was observed below black plastic mulch and lowest moisture observed below the no mulch condition. Drip irrigation scheduled at 0.6 E pan recorded higher water use efficiency (111.09 kg ha-1 mm-1). The least WUE was observed in drip irrigation at 1.0 E pan. On the other hand maximum WUE was recoded with application of polythene mulch (113.5 kg ha-1 mm-1), While the least was recorded with no mulch (90.43 kg ha-1 mm-1). The present study, it is concluded that drip irrigation scheduling at 1.0 E pan with application of polythene mulch will be the best combination for getting higher chrysanthemum flower yield and net income under the present agro climatic conditions of semi-aridThesisItem Open Access SOIL EROSION ESTIMATION OF GODAVARI BASIN USING REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS) TECHNIQUES(ACHARYA N. G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, 2012) SRINIVASA RAO, K; CHANDRA MOULI, GSoil erosion is universally recognized as serious threat to land resources. Scientifically, the main attributor to land degradation is soil erosion by runoff water. Soil erosion by water is a major problem in mountainous areas with steep slopes. Inappropriate land use in these areas is likely to accelerate water erosion entailing soil loss and land fertility decline. In this study, Godavari River basin from Manchierial to Polavaram has been selected as study area. Remote sensing and GIS techniques have become valuable tools specially when assessing erosion at larger scales due to the amount of data needed and the greater area coverage. The images of Landsat-4 with Thematic Mapper (TM) and Landsat-7 with Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus (ETM+) has been downloaded from online archive of Global Land Cover Facility (GLCF), and subset to our study area. Seven classes are identified to prepare land use land cover map using supervised classification. From 1992 to 2007, mixed vegetation, dense forest, habitats, agriculture land increased to 79454.88 (4.5%), 45732.73 (2.59%), 29461.15 ha (1.67%), 25255.83 ha (1.43%), and, sand and water bodies are slightly increased to 6395.61 ha (0.36%), and 5301.9 ha (0.30%) respectively. On the other hand barren rock decreased 191602.09 ha (10.84%). Runoff has been estimated using Soil Conservation Service (SCS) curve number method in HEC-HMS platform. The predicted runoff data has been compared with Central Water Commission (CWC) data at Polavaram gauging site and calculated error functions for accuracy assessment. The value of Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient ranged from 0.785 to 0.938, it indicates that the model is perfect. The value of index of agreement ranged from 0.962 to 0.987. The value of index of agreement reached to 1 indicates that the model is in agreement. The percentage deviation in peak varies from 20.56% to 36.59% which suggested that model predicted good discharge at gauging site. Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) model has been used for soil erosion estimation. Rainfall erosivity factor (R) is determined using mean annual rainfall. Soil erodibility factor (K) obtained from soils present in the study area. Slope length factor (L) and slope steepness factor (S) have been derived from Digital Elevation Model (DEM) map. The cover or cropping management factor has been calculated from Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) map and Conservation practices factor is assumed as 1. All these factors are substituted in USLE and the soil erosion is finally estimated. And also estimated the Sediment Yield (SY) and compared with CWC data at Polavaram gauging site. The average soil loss and sediment yield estimated around the Godavari River are 4.34 and 23.22 t ha-1 year-1 respectively. This information would be useful for design of reservoirs, conservation structures and others in Godavari Basin.