Browsing by Author "Bhat, Ghulam Ahmad"
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ThesisItem Open Access Effect of Feeding Wet Food on the Performance of Pullets during Summer Season(SKUAST Kashmir, 2010) Waiz, Hina Ashraf; Bhat, Ghulam AhmadAn experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of feeding wet feed on the performance of pullets during summer season. A total of 192 eight weeks old pullets were used in this study. They were randomly distributed to four groups with four replicates per treatments, with twelve birds per replicate. All the birds were reared on deep litter system throughout the experimental period. The feed offered to chicks consisted of starter diet (CP 18% and ME 2750 kcal/kg) upto 8 weeks of age and grower diet (CP 16% and ME 2600 kcal/ kg) upto 20 weeks of age. From 20 weeks onwards birds were provided with layer diet (CP 18% and ME 2750) upto the end of the experiment. Birds in the control group (T1) were offered dry feed. Water was mixed with feed T2 (700 ml/kg feed),T3 (800 ml/kg feed) and T4 (900 ml/kg feed) and kept as such for one hour before it was offered to birds. The study lasted for 100 days. Body weight and feed intake was recorded on biweekly intervals. The daily egg production was recorded in all the treatment groups up to end of the experiment. Egg production on the basis of hen day, hen housed and percent hen day were calculated at biweekly intervals Egg quality, blood chemistry (hemoglobin, blood plasma calcium and phosphorous) profiles were assayed at the end of the experiment. There was no mortality during the whole experimental period in all treatment groups. Results obtained from this study showed that the overall body weight of all the treatments at different periods did not differ significantly (P>0.05).Though pullets in 800 ml water treated group weighed numerically higher than control group. But there was no significant difference (P>0.05) on overall body weight of pullets at 33 weeks of age. Similarly body weight gain was significantly (P0.05). There was significant (P0.05) was recorded in 800ml water treated group(6.11,6.11 and 42.93). The use of wet feed increased egg weight in the period from25-34weeks of age in 800ml water treated group as compared to control. The highest average egg weight was recorded in 800ml water treated group (60.01g) as compared to control (58.15g). There was no significant difference between groups with respect to the daily feed intake. The feed conversion efficiency (kg of feed/dozen eggs and kg of feed /kg egg mass ) was significantly lower (2.42 and 3.60) in 800 ml water treated group as compared to control in which it was (3.03 and4.35) respectively. The feeding of wet feed increased yolk index, shell weight, moisture per cent and yolk percent significantly (P 0.05) effect of wet feed on shape index, Haugh unit, shell thickness, protein content and albumen percent. Hemoglobin was not affected by wet feeding (P> 0.05). However values for blood plasma calcium and phosphorous levels were significantly(P< 0.05) higher in groups when offered food in wet form. It is concluded that wet feeding (800ml water/kg feed ) reduced age at sexual maturity and 50% production, improved egg production, egg weight, egg quality and enhanced absorption of calcium and phosphorous. All these parameters are economically important and could result in increase in net returns.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of Stocking Density on Caged White Leg Horn Layers(College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 1988) Bhat, Ghulam Ahmad; Aggarwal, C. K.