Browsing by Author "Asokkumar, M"
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ArticleItem Open Access Consistency of rabies virus yield at different passages of Vero cell using traditional monolayer culture(2022-04) Asokkumar, M; Elaiyaraja, M; Devi, T; Ramesh, A; TANUVASRabies virus is a neuro tropic which can be cultivated in a wide variety of host cells like primary embryo fibroblast, MRC – 5 and Vero cells using either traditional or different types of bioreactor system for bulk antigen production. Such cultivation is extremely important to obtain the knowledge about virus itself as well as for producing large quantities of virus for the production of vaccine. The production of high yield of virus depends on the factor like quality of cells, media used and multiplicity of infection (MOI). High yield of virus can be obtained when cells in suspension are infected and then allowed to form monolayer. The present study was carried out in Vero Cells from passage 141 to passage 147 using rabies virus production methods as concurrent validation for ensuring the consistency of rabies virus yield in Vero cells. Viral Harvest yielded at different passage level of Vero Cells was subjected to virus titration by fluorescent antibody technique (FAT). The analysis of result showed that the virus yield is consistent at passage level of Vero cells from 141 to 147 and all viral harvest titre were well above the set limit of log105 CCID50/mL. Hence it is demonstrated that consistent production can be obtained with Vero cells at Passage level at the beginning (P141) and end (P147) of the intended span of use without having any problem of residual substrate DNA in the final vaccine formulation.ArticleItem Open Access Evaluation of Bacillus - Calmette- Guerin (BCG) Immunogenicity in Indigenous Calves under Field Condition(Excellent Publishers, 2018-10) Asokkumar, M; Selvaraju, G; Manoharan, S; Tirumurugaan, KG; Maroudam, V; Vijayabharathi, M; TANUVASBovine tuberculosis (bTB) remains a major problem causing huge economic loss in livestock farming. It can spread to humans from infected cattle either through aerosol or by consumption of contaminated dairy products to cause zoonotic tuberculosis. Current Indian diagnostic approach is by intra dermal injection of PPD (tuberculin skin test) derived from the Mycobacterium bovis (bovine PPD) wherein the infected animals provokes a measurable skin reaction. BCG vaccination is not used to control bovine tuberculosis because of minimal data available on its vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy studies in cattle. Thus it’s important to test the BCG vaccine performance in the Indian cattle population. The present study aimed at evaluating the BCG vaccine immunogenicity testing in young sahiwal calves. The bTB screening and vaccine immunogenicity were evaluated using the OIE approved Interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) using BOVIGAM™ kit. BCG was titrated with 105 colony forming units (CFU) and observed from the present study that low dose of 105 (CFU) is found to be effective for inducing significant bTB specific protective IFN-gamma at day 14 post vaccination. Thus the conventional BCG vaccination shall be considered as an approach for the control as well as reducing the bio burden of bovine tuberculosis along with complementary diagnosis.ArticleItem Open Access Prevalence Status of Antibodies of Japanese Encephalitis in Pigs in Peri-Urban Area of Chennai(2019-10) Ganesh Shriram, Dalve; Asokkumar, M; Ramesh, A; Elango, A; TANUVASJapanese Encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito borne viral zoonotic disease caused by the Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) of Flaviviridae family and it is one of the leading causes of acute encephalitis syndrome in Asian countries. This study was conducted between November 2018 and February 2019 to understand the dynamic status of sero-prevalence of Japanese encephalitis in pigs in peri-urban areas of Chennai using indirect ELISA. A total of 241 sera samples of pigs was collected from peri-urban areas of Chennai and subjected to indirect IgG capture commercial ELISA kit for screening for JEV antibodies. The overall prevalence of JEV antibodies was found as 35.48% which showed the circulation of JEV antibodies in swine population in peri-urban areas of Chennai indicating that pigs still act as amplifier hosts for vectors for the transmission of the disease in Peri-urban areas of Chennai.PresentationItem Open Access Screening and Identification of E. coli pathotypes by Multiplex PCR(2020-02) Annal Selva Malar, P; Sureshkannan, S; Porteen, K; Asokkumar, M; TANUVASThe study was undertaken to screen the E. coli isolates available at Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology by multiplex PCR to simultaneously group Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) pathotypes. A total number of 36 presumptive colonies isolated from milk and various dairy products were confirmed by cultural and biochemical tests according to Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology (Holt et al., 1994). The samples found to be positive by culture and biochemical tests were further subjected to DNA extraction by using bio basic molecular biology kit and genus specific PCR analysis was carried out targeting UspA gene (Chen and Griffiths, 1998). The isolates were further analysed for the virulence genes by using multiplex PCR using the primers specific for stx1, stx2, eae, bfp, stII and lt. (Vidal et al.2004). Among the 36 E.coli isolates, three were positive for EPEC (482bp), one was positive for ETEC (129bp) and EHEC (584bp) two were positive for both EPEC and EHEC.ArticleItem Open Access Status of Maternal Derived Antibody Against Rabies in Naive Puppies in Chennai(2019-10) Sowmiya, M; Asokkumar, M; Vijaya Bharathi, M; Rathnapraba, S; Senthil Kumar, RL; Devi, T; Nagarajan, B; TANUVASThirty-six blood samples were collected randomly from puppies [18 puppies each from vaccinated (Group I) and unvaccinated (Group II) dam] brought to Immunization Unit, Madras Veterinary College Teaching Hospital, Chennai. The samples were subjected to functional antibody assay (RFFIT) to know the kinetics of maternal derived antibody (MDA) against rabies. The mean MDA titre in group I and II puppies were found as 1.07 ± 0.18 IU/mL and 0.30 ± 0.037 IU/mL respectively. The statistical analysis (Student “t” test) revealed a highly significant difference (P<0.01) between MDA of two groups. Thus, this study strongly suggests that the dogs less than three months of age in endemic regions needs to be immunized against rabies in view of maintaining the population immunity and to reduce the bioburden of rabies risk.ArticleItem Open Access Ultrastructural Diagnosis of Rabies in a Goat(2013-10) Asokkumar, M; Gunaseelan, L; Ramesh, S; TANUVASRabies is a deadly disease caused by virus belonging to the family Rhabdoviridae and is highly fatal disease of viral etiology affecting the nervous system of all warm-blooded animals on invasion. It is of great importance as a zoonosis and predominantly a disease of carnivores posing serious threat to man and animals. Productive animals get infected mainly through bite of a rabid dog. Rabies virus is transmitted primarily through the saliva of infected animals, most commonly through bite. The ultrastructure of rabies can be viewed through electron microscope as a bullet shaped structure with an average diameter of 75 nm and a length of 100-300 nm. The electron microscopical traits allow the virus particles to be identification up to the family or genus level. The direct fluorescent antibody test (FAT) is one of the most accurate microscopic tests available as gold standard test for diagnosis of rabies (WHO, TRS 931). Rabies is always fatal once clinical symptoms are exhibited with reports of rabies in goats being sporadic; however the furious form of rabies appears to be more common. The present paper reports a case of rabies in goat.