APHID (APHIDIDAE: HOMOPTERA) VECTORS OF POTATO VIRUSES AND THEIR MANAGEMENT
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Date
2015-12-10
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University of Agricultural & Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga
Abstract
Population dynamics of potato aphids was conducted during Kharif and Rabi of 2014-15 in potato fields of chikkamagaluru district. Five locations were selected during the study period at both the seasons. Among five locations Beekanahalli (location 3) has recorded highest aphid population on crop followed by Mugalavalli (location5) during Kharif. In Rabi, highest aphid population was recorded on crop in Lakshmipura II (location 3). Six species of aphids were trapped on sticky trap and four species on water traps during kharif. In Rabi, five species of aphids were trapped on sticky trap and four species on water traps. Aphids had positive correlation with minimum temperature and maximum temperature in almost all locations. The per cent PVY incidence was more in Kharif compared to Rabi in all the locations. The transmission efficiency of potato viruses by three aphid vectors (M. persicae, A. gossypii and A. craccivora) was studied. Efficiency was measured by single aphid inoculation following a single acquisition access period (AAP) and the number of plants showing symptoms to which the aphids could successfully transmit the virus. Single aphid inoculation studies for PVY indicated that M. persicae (66.66%) was significantly more efficient in transmitting PVY than A. gossypii (26.66%) and A. craccivora (16.66%). Settling behaviour of aphids was studied on healthy potato plant and PVY infected plants. On healthy plants, all the three species took more time to initiate the probe compared to PVY infected plants. Myzus persicae initiated probing earlier than other two species. Insecticides were evaluated against potato aphids and also virus incidence in two locations. In one location, thiomethoxam followed by imidacloprid and acephate were effective in controlling aphid population. PVY incidence was low in thiomethoxam treated plots compared to other insecticides. However, none of the insecticides were effective in reducing PLRV incidence. In another location, imidacloprid, thiomethoxam and acetamiprid are found effective.