Bionomics And Host Range Of American Serpentine Leaf Miner liriomyza trifolii (burgess) (agromyzidae :diptera)
Loading...
Files
Date
2003
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Horticulture,Vellanikkara
Abstract
The present investigation on the "Bionomics and host range of American
serpentine leaf miner, Liriomyza trifolii (Bugcss) (Agrornyzidae: Diptera)" was
undertaken in the Department or Entomology, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara
during 2001-2002. Field surveys and laboratory studies were carried out with the
objective of studying the biology, host range, natural enemies and seasonal
incidence of L. trifolii.
The biology of L. trifolii was studied by releasing a pair of one day old adult
l1ies 10 the rearing cages where cow pea seedlings were kept as host plants and
honey as a food source. The female Ily inserted its eggs in the tubular punctures
made on the leaves with its pointed ovipositor. The oval, translucent, milky white
eggs hatched in about 2.08 days.
The larvae mined the upper leaf surface and produced characteristic
serpentine mines. There were four larval instars having a total duration of 3.4days.
Alter the larvae attained full size or 2.35 mm length and (),(i4 mill width it made a
semicircular cut at the broad end of the leaf mine. Through this cut larva came out of
the mine and fall down to the soil for pupation. Inside the soil the larva turned to
golden yellow coloured pupa. Female pupa was larger compared to male pupa.
Adult emergence took place after 7.9 days.
The adults had a longevity varying form 4.5days for mall's and 7.4 days for
females where as they were feed with 2 per cent honey solution. Adult females were
larger than the males and had black pointed spot on the lower sick of last abdominal
segment. The fecundity of female varied from 14.6 eggs per day per female. The
adult female laid about 48-5'0 eggs in its life time. The ratio or oviposition or feeding
puncture was I: R.QC) to 1: 9.3. The total life cycle from eggs to adult took 13.3 days.
The host range was studied by conducting surveys at regular intervals. 48
host plants belonging to 13 plant families were reported as host plants of this pest.
It is a highly polyphagous insect and majority or the host plants belonged to families
of Cornpositac and Cucubitaccae.
The intensity of infestation of 1.. trifolli on various crops were calculated by
counting the number of larval mines per leaf on the upper, middle and lower leaves
of the plants. The attack of L. trifolt! was more on the lower leaves compared to
middle and top leaves. Cowpea was found to be the most preferred host plant of L.
trifolii followed by ash gourd, ridge gourd, tomato, pumpkin and cucumber. Among
the ornamentals dahlia and marigold were severely damaged by this leaf miner. The
intensity of infestation per unit area was maximum on tomato (l.74 mines per cm2)
followed by cowpea (1.14 mines per cnr'). The number of mines per unit area was
lowest for pumpkin (0.33 mines per ern").
In the studies on the seasonal incidence of L. trifolii two peak periods of
infestation was observed, one during November and the second during January. The
leaf miner population was observed to be highest from second fortnight of
November to second fortnight of April. A significant positive correlation of larval
population with wind velocity, sunshine hours and evaporation rate was observed.
Relative humidity and total rainfall had negative correlation with infestation of L.
trifolii.
Parasitisation of L. trifolii by larval and pupal parasitoids were observed and
the percentage of parasitoids were observed and the percentage of parasitism was
maximum during December, J,U1uaIY and February months coinciding with the peak
infestation periods. These natural enemies can be effectively utilized for the
management of L. trifolii.
Description
PG
Keywords
Citation
172104