STUDIES ON AMELIORATING POTENTIAL OF CURCUMA LONGA AND PHYLLANTHUS EMBUCA ON POTASSIUM OXONATE INDUCED GOUT IN RATS

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dc.contributor.advisorThaker, A. M.
dc.contributor.authorSARVAIYA, VAIDEHIBEN NITESHKUMAR
dc.date.accessioned2018-06-11T10:50:36Z
dc.date.available2018-06-11T10:50:36Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.description.abstractGout is a metabolic disorder of purine metabolism characterized by hyperuricemia (urate levels >6.8 mg/dl) and recurring attacks of arthritis and in later stages chronic arthritis, tophi formation and a tendency to renal failure. The present study was conducted to evaluate anti-gout effects of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Curcuma longa and Phyllanthus emblica following repeated oral administration for 28 days in potassium oxonate induced hyperuricemic rats. The study was conducted on sixty six (66) male Sprague-Dawely rats dividing them in various groups having six rats in each group. Group I served as vehicle control and received the glycerin solution dissolved in water orally for 28 days of dosing period. Group II served as gout control group. Rats of group III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X and XI received Potassium oxonate at the dose rate of 250 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally every day throughout the study period for induction of gout. Group III received standard drug allopurinol orally at dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight (p.o.) for 28 days of dosing period. Group IV and V received aqueous extracts of C. longa at dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg, VI and VII received alcoholic extracts of C. longa at dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg, group VIII and IX received aqueous extracts of P. emblica at dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg and group X and XI received alcoholic extracts of P. emblica at dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg (p.o.) respectively for 28 days of dosing period. Animals were observed daily for clinical signs and mortality, if any. Body weight and feed consumption were recorded at weekly interval. On 29th day of study, animals were subjected to blood collection; blood and serum sample were analyzed for haematological and biochemical parameters respectively. At the end of study period, animals were sacrificed and necropsy was performed; tissues (kidney, liver, spleen, heart, lungs) were collected for histopathological studies. Gout rat model was developed by intra-peritoneal injection of potassium oxonate at the dose rate of 250 mg/kg body weight throughout the study period (28 days). In this gout rat model serum concentration of creatinine, uric acid, blood urea nitrogen and xanthine oxidase enzyme level was increased as compared to rats of vehicle control group. Gout control rats treated with Potassium oxonate at 250 mg/kg body weight demonstrated dull, depressed and anorectic changes along with reduced body weight gain and sluggishness in the last week of experiment. Non significant reduction in feed consumption and body weight gain were observed in gout control rats as compared to vehicle control rats at 28th day of experiment. At the end of experiment, hyperuricemic rats receiving aqueous and alcoholic extracts of C. longa and P. emblica at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg and allopurinol at dose rate of 5 mg/kg body weight showed increase feed consumption and body weight gain as compared to rats of gout control group. Group of rats which were administrered aqueous and alcoholic extracts of C. longa showed significant increase in feed consumption in 3rd week of experiment and group of rats which were administered aqueous and alcoholic extracts of P. emblica showed significant increase in feed consumption in 1st and 2nd week of experiment. Intra-peritoneal injection of potassium oxonate increased kidney: body weight ratio in rats of gout control group as compared to vehicle control group and other treatment groups which were administered standard drug allopurinol at dose rate of 5 mg/kg body weight and aqueous and alcoholic extracts of C. longa and P. emblica at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight after 28 days of study period. Significant thrombocytosis has been noticed in gout control rats treated with potassium oxonate at 250 mg/kg body weight. While administration of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of C. longa and P. emblica at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg and allopurinol at dose rate of 5 mg/kg body weight in hyperuricemic rats showed significant reduction in mean platelets counts as compared to gout control rats. Daily oral administration of allopurinol at 5 mg/kg body weight and aqueous and alcoholic extracts of C. longa and P. emblica at dose rate of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight in hyperuricemic rats for 28 days produced significant reduction in serum uric acid, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and xanthine oxidase enzyme level in dose dependent manner. Rats of gout control group showed pale kidneys grossly as compared to kidneys of vehicle control group. Microscopically, group of gout control rats receiving intra-peritoneal injections of potassium oxonate at dose rate of 250 mg/kg body weight everyday throughout the study period, showed deposition of urate crystals in renal parenchyma, atrophy of glomeruli and desquamation of tubular epithelium, severe congestion and hemorrhage with degeneration and necrosis of renal tubular epithelium and presence of proteinacious cast in renal tiibular lumen. Histological examination of sections of liver of rat from gout control group showed degeneration of hepatocytes and focal necrosis surrounded by infiltration of mononuclear cells and showed sinusoidal congestion in liver hepatocytes. On histopathological examination, sections of spleen of gout control rats showed mild congestion and hemorrhage with multifocal area of necrosis. Treatment of hyperuricemic rats with aqueous and alcoholic extracts of C. longa and P. emblica at dose rate of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight and standard treatment allopurinol at dose rate of 5 mg/kg body weight almost preserved normal histoarchitecture of all the organs as compared to rats of gout control group. The hypouricemic effect of allopurinol, as a reference drug on reducing serum biochemical parameters was more potent and significant as compared to plant extracts treatment and reduced them upto the normal level. Aqueous and alcoholic extracts of C. longa rhizomes and fruits of P. emblica showed their effectiveness in dosedependent manner. Aqueous and alcoholic extracts of both the plants at the dose rate of 400 mg/kg body weight showed better effect and it was significantly different than dose rate of 200 mg/kg body weight. The antigout activity of C. longa and P. emblica may be due to the presence of phytochemical constituents such as phenolic compounds, plant sterols, long chain fatty acids and to a lesser extent unsaturated fatty acids. Further investigation to define its clinical efficacy would be highly desirable.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810051021
dc.keywordsSTUDIES ON AMELIORATING POTENTIAL, CURCUMA LONGA, PHYLLANTHUS EMBUCA ON POTASSIUM OXONATE, INDUCED GOUT IN RATSen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherAAU, Ananden_US
dc.research.problemSTUDIES ON AMELIORATING POTENTIAL OF CURCUMA LONGA AND PHYLLANTHUS EMBUCA ON POTASSIUM OXONATE INDUCED GOUT IN RATSen_US
dc.subVeterinary Pharmacology and Toxicologyen_US
dc.subjectVETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGYen_US
dc.subjectA STUDYen_US
dc.themeSTUDIES ON AMELIORATING POTENTIAL OF CURCUMA LONGA AND PHYLLANTHUS EMBUCA ON POTASSIUM OXONATE INDUCED GOUT IN RATSen_US
dc.these.typeM.V.Sc.en_US
dc.titleSTUDIES ON AMELIORATING POTENTIAL OF CURCUMA LONGA AND PHYLLANTHUS EMBUCA ON POTASSIUM OXONATE INDUCED GOUT IN RATSen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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