CLINICO-DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC STUDIES ON COPPER DEFICIENCY IN BUFFALOES
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Date
2018-03
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
ABSTRACT:
The present work was aimed to study the prevalence,
symptomatology, hemato-biochemical profiles and treatment of copper
deficiency in buffaloes among five mandals of Krishna district. Analysis
of plasma samples for the estimation of copper revealed that the overall
prevalence of copper deficiency in buffaloes was 24.79 per cent.
The prevalence varied significantly (P<0.05) among the five
mandals. Prevalence was more in buffaloes belonging to individual
farmers in comparison to those located in dairy farms. No significant
difference (P>0.05) was recorded in the prevalence among different age
groups. Among the adult buffaloes studied, pregnant were mostly
affected. Out of the 24.79% hypocupremic buffaloes, 18.18 % had
marginal deficiency while 6.61% exhibited functional deficiency. The
prominent clinical signs in hypocupremic buffaloes were
depigmentation of skin and hair coat, anemia, ill thrift lameness/hoof
abnormalities, mastitis, diarrhea, reduced milk yield anoestrous and
repeat breeding. The mean plasma copper (μg/dl) concentrations in
healthy control, buffaloes with marginal and functional deficiency were
80.69 }5.97, 31.28 }0.34 and 16.36 }0.25, respectively with significant
difference between the three groups (P<0.01). The Hb, PCV, TEC, serum total protein and serum γ glutamyl transferase varied significantly (P<0.01) in between the healthy and deficient buffaloes. The plasma ceruloplasmin (mg/dl) value recorded in apparently healthy buffaloes was 8.91 }0.77 while it was 6.83 }0.18 and 5.05 }0.40 in marginal and functional deficiency buffaloes. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlation between plasma copper and ceruloplasmin in healthy (R=0.722; P=0.043) and hypocupremic buffaloes (R=0.588; P=0.005). The buffaloes of functional deficiency were randomly assigned to two groups. Group I were treated with oral administration of copper sulphate @ 300 mg/100 kg b wt/day and Group II with injectable copper glycinate. In both the groups, the plasma copper values reached normalcy by 90 days. The hypocupremic buffaloes showed marked clinical improvement with alleviation of clinical signs from two weeks after initiation of therapy.
After treatment, the hemoglobin, packed cell volume and total
erythrocyte count significantly improved in comparison to the pre
therapeutic values in both the groups. Significant increase in mean serum total protein and serum γ- glutamyl transferase (U/l) values were recorded in both the groups after therapy. In the present study a positive correlation was recorded between ceruloplasmin with plasma copper concentrations with significant increase in the mean ceuloplasmin values in Group I and Group II buffaloes parallel to the increased plasma copper
concentrations. In the present study the average time taken for the plasma copper values to reach normalcy in Group I and Group II was 66.25 days and
65 days, respectively.
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