EFFECT OF DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS OF ORGANIC MANURES AND SUPPLEMENTATION OF BIO-FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF ONION (Allium cepa L.)
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Date
2014-08
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Dr. Y.S.R. HORTICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during rabi, 2013-14 to study the “Effect of different combinations of organic manures and supplementation of bio-fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of Onion (Allium cepaL.)” at college farm, College of Horticulture, Dr. Y.S.R. Horticultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replicated 9 treatments viz., T1: Farmyard manure (50%) + Vermicompost (50%), T2: Farmyard manure (50%) + Vermicompost (50%) + Azospirillum and PSB @ 5 kg ha-1 each, T3:Farmyard manure (50%) + Vermicompost (25%), + Neem cake (25%), T4:Farmyard manure (50%) + Vermicompost (25%), + Neem cake (25%) + Azospirillum and PSB @ 5 kg ha-1 each, T5:Poultry manure (50%) + Vermicompost (50%), T6:Poultry manure (50%) + Vermicompost (50%) + Azospirillum and PSB @ 5 kg ha-1 each, T7: Poultry manure (50%) + Vermicompost (25%) + Neem cake (25%), T8:Poultry manure (50%) Vermicompost (25%), + Neem cake (25%) + Azospirillum and PSB @ 5 kg ha-1 each, and T9: RDF. The data were recorded on plant height (cm), leaf length (cm), number of leaves plant-1, neck thickness (mm), leaf width (cm), leaf dry weight(g), bulb dry weight (g), bulb diameter (cm), bulb length (cm), bulb shape index, number of scales bulb-1, bulb yield (kg plot-1), number of bulbs kg-1, bulb yield (t ha-1), double bulbs (%), marketable yield (%), physiological loss of weight (%), sprouting of bulbs (%), rotting of bulbs (%), TSS (Brixo), moisture content (%), P & S content (%), NPK&S uptake (kg ha-1) by the crop, available NPK&S (Kg ha-1& ppm) and microbial count in the soil (CFU g soil-1).
The highest plant height, leaf length, number of leaves, leaf dry weight, bulb dry weight, bulb diameter, bulb length, bulb shape index, number of scales, number of bulbs, bulb yield, TSS, P&S content, moisture content, and NPKS uptake were recorded with farmyard manure (50%) + vermicompost (25%) + neem cake (25%) + Azospirillum and PSB @ 5 kg ha-1 each. Farmyard manure (50%) + vermicompost (25%) + neem cake (25%) recorded lower values for physiological loss of weight, sprouting of bulbs and rotting of bulbs. Poultry manure (50%) + vermicompost (50%) recorded maximum values for post-harvest available soil NPKS. Whereas poultry manure (50%) + vermicompost (50%) + Azospirillum and PSB @ 5 kg ha-1 each recorded maximum values for microbial activity in the soil. However, the higher net returns and BCR were obtained with recommended dose of fertilizers.
The results of the present investigation demonstrated that among different organic manures tried, farmyard manure (50%) + vermicompost (25%) + neem cake (25%) + Azospirillum and PSB @ 5 kg ha-1 each can be considered as the best treatment for obtaining higher growth and bulb yield. Better quality of onion was obtained with farmyard manure (50%) + vermicompost (25%) + neem cake (25%). Under organic cultivation of onion, for obtaining maximum net returns and benefit cost ratio farmyard manure (50%) + vermicompost (50%) + Azospirillum and PSB @ 5 kg ha-1 each may be used as organic source of nutrients.
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Keywords
combinations of organic manures and supplementation of bio-fertilizers on growth, yield and quality , organic source of nutrients