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ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of the toxicity of O,O-diethyl-thiono phosphoric acid O (quinoxalyl (2) ester (sandoz insecticide-6538)to insect pests(Division of entomology ,Agricultural college and research institute ,Vellayani., 1970) Gopinathan Nair, P; KAU; Nair, M R G KThesisItem Open Access Control of nematode parasites of brinjal with insecticide and nematicide granules(Division of entomology ,Agricultural college and research institute ,Vellayani., 1970) Vergis, P C; KAU; Mohas Das, NThesisItem Open Access Studies on the parasitic nematodes associated with vegetables in kerala(Division of entomology ,Agricultural college and research institute ,Vellayani., 1968) Ramakrishnan Nair, N; KAU; Mohan Das, NThesisItem Open Access Management of banana pseudostem weevil odoiporus longicollis oliv.using entomopathogenic fungi(Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2005) Sahi Beegum, M K; KAU; Anitha, NInvestigation on “Management of banana pseudostem weevil, Odoiporus longicollis Oliv. using entomopathogenic fungi” was carried out in the Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani. The study was conducted to screen four entomopathogenic fungi, to evaluate their biocontrol potential and to standardize the effective dose and method of application for the management of the banana pseudostem weevil. Four entomopathogenic fungi viz., Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Nomuraea rileyi were tested against O. longicollis. Among them M. anisopliae and B. bassiana were found to infect O. longicollis grubs. Susceptibility of different stages of grubs to fungal infection was tested by using first, second, third, fourth and fifth instar grubs of O. longicollis and the results revealed that first and second instar grubs were more susceptible to fungal infection. Determination of effective dose of fungi against second instar grubs of O. longicollis was carried out by spraying the grubs with different concentrations of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana. The LC50 values of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana were 3.9 x 106 spores ml-1 and 1.6 x 105 spores ml-1 respectively. Evaluation of six naturally available solid media viz., rice bran, wheat bran, guinea grass, gingelly oil cake, coir pith, and neem cake were carried out for mass multiplication of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana. The results revealed that both rice bran and wheat bran were suitable for the mass multiplication of these fungi. The spore production was 9.26 x 106 spores ml-1 and 8.71 x 106 spores ml-1 respectively for M. anisopliae on first week after inoculation. For B. bassiana, the spore count was 503.42 x 106 spores ml-1 and 320.32 x 106 spores ml-1 respectively on first week after inoculation. Among the liquid media tried, coconut water and rice bran extract produced maximum mycelial growth and sporulation of fungi. For M. anisopliae the spore count was 7.77 x 107 spores ml-1 and 0.49 x 107 spores ml-1 respectively. B. bassiana recorded 440.03 x 106 spores ml-1 and 232.26 x 106 spores ml-1 respectively. M. anisopliae and B. bassiana grown in rice bran and wheat bran recorded maximum virulence on two weeks after storage and decreased thereafter. However, coconut water and rice bran extract showed maximum virulence on first week after storage and then found decreasing. Studies conducted to evaluate the compatibility of fungi with NeemAzal 0.4 per cent, chlorpyriphos 0.03 per cent, copper oxychloride 0.4 per cent and mancozeb 0.3 per cent revealed that all the pesticides tested inhibited the growth of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana. But the per cent inhibition was least in the case of NeemAzal 0.4 per cent. Field experiments were conducted with M. anisopliae and B. bassiana with chlorpyriphos (0.03 per cent) and NeemAzal (0.4 per cent) as checks. The plants were artificially infested with known number of grubs. Two experiments were conducted, one with prophylactic treatments and the other with curative treatments. Three application methods viz., leaf axil filling of spore suspension of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana, leaf axil filling of fungi in rice bran and stem injection of spore suspension were tested. Among these treatments leaf axil filling of B. bassiana spore suspension at 1.8 x 107 ml-1 as prophylactic treatment was most effective which gave 52.42 per cent mortality of grubs.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on the rice swarming caterpillar , Spodoptera mauritia boisduval in Kerala(Division of entomology ,Agricultural college and research institute ,Vellayani., 1967) Thomas, B; KAU; M R G K NairThesisItem Open Access Studies on the effect of plant nutrient on insect infestation on Abelmoschus esculentus monech(Division of entomology ,Agricultural college and research institute ,Vellayani.Trivandrum, 1967) Viswanath, B N; KAU; M R G K NairThesisItem Open Access Studies on the toxtcity of insecticide to residues on brinjal to Epilachna vigintioctopunctata fabricius(Division of entomology, Agricultural college and research institute, Vellayani, Trivandrum., 1965) Kunjamma Mathew, P; KAU; M R G K NairThesisItem Open Access Studies on the effect of refrigeration on the deveolopment of Trichospilus pupivora ferriere (Eulophidae)(Division of entomology ,Agricultural college and research institute ,Vellayani., 1964) Narayanan, N J; KAU; Gopalakrishnan Nair, M RThesisItem Open Access Effect of organic amendments on plant parasitic nematodes and soil micro-organisms(Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1992) Ajith, K; KAU; Sheela, M SField experiments conducted to evaluate the effect of neem and eupatorium leaves at two levels on plant parasitic and non-parasitic nematodes and soil micro-organisms in the rootzone of bhindi and cowpea in rainy and summer seasons revealed that neem and eupatorium leaf treatments (300g/plant or 15 t/ha) were found effective in controlling Helicotylenchus spp., R. reniformis and M. incognita in the rootzone. Lower dose (150g/plant) of neem was found sufficient to suppress the Helicotylenchus spp. In the rootzone of bhindi. Effect of these treatments persisted up to 75 D A S in rainy season and 45 DAS in summer season. The effect of lower doses also persisted up to 30 DAS. The predatory and saprophytic nematode population build up in the rootzone was enhanced by higher dose of eupatorium. The effect on predatory fauna persisted up to 75 D A S in the rootzone of two crops. But in cowpea the effect on saprophytic fauna persisted only up to 60 D A S. The microbial populations (bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes) were increased in the rootzone of bhindi and cowpea in two seasons by the application of eupatorium leaf at higher dose where as neem leaf (higher dose) reduced the microbial population. Only the fungal population increased by the application of neem leaf at higher dose during rainy season. There was seasonal variation in population build up of fungi and maximum effect was seen in rainy season. The biometric characters (number of leaves, height of plant, root weight and shoot weight) and yield of bhindi and cowpea increased significantly by the higher dose of neem and eupatorium leaf. For increasing the height, lower dose of neem, and, for yield lower dose of neem and eupatorium also were found effective. The population of nematodes in the roots at the termination of experiment was significantly reduced by the higher dose of neem and eupatorium in bhindi while lower dose was found effective protecting cowpea roots.
