Patel, D. H.Raysingbhai, Malivad Rakeshkumar2018-05-212018-05-212013http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810046947The field experiment was conducted at Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Farm, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat during the rabi season of the year 2011-12 to study the "Effect of different organic manures and fertilizers on yield and quality of Vemonia (Kalijiri); [Vernonia anthelmintica (L.) Willd.] under middle Gujarat conditions". The soils of the experimental plot was loamy sand in texture. The soil was low in available nitrogen, medium in available phosphorous and high in available potash. The experiment was laid out in Randomized block Design with four replications. The treatments comprised of two chemical fertilizer treatments viz., T2: (60-40-0 NPK kg ha-1); T3: (90-40-0 NPK kg ha- 1), five organic manurial treatments viz., T4 : (FYM @ 10 t ha-1;) T5: (Vermicompost @ 2 t ha-1) and Te : (Castor cake @ 2 t ha-1) T7 : (Neem cake @ 2 t ha-1) and one treatment of biofertilizer Ts: (Azatobactor 2 litres ha-1 at sowing (soil application with irrigation water) + FYM @ 5 t ha-1). These treatments were compared with control (T1). Overall there were eight treatments tried. Results revealed that plant population at 20 DAS and plant breadth at initiation of flowering and maturity stage of vernonia were nonsignificant due to different organic manures and fertilizers. Treatment T3 (90-40-0 NPK kg ha-1) recorded significantly higher value for plant height at initiation of flowering and maturity while treatment T1 (control) recorded significantly lower value for plant height at initiation of flowering and maturity. Results indicated that days to 50% flowering and niaturity were significant due to different organic manures and fertilizers. Treatment T1 (control) required significantly the minimum days to 50% flowering and maturity. Treatment T5 (Vermicompost @ 2 t ha-1) required significantly the maximum days to 50% flowering and maturity. Results revealed that no. of branches plant-1 at maturity stage were non-significant due to different organic manures and fertilizers. Treatment T4 (FYM @ 10 t ha-1) recorded significantly higher value for no. of umbels plant -1 and being at par with treatments T5 (vermicompost @ 2 t ha-1), T6 (castor cake @ 2 t ha-1), T7 (Neem cake @ 2 ha-1) and Ta (Azatobactor 2 L ha-1 at sowing (soil application) + FYM @ 5 t ha-1), respectively. Treatment T1 (control) recorded significantly lower value for no. of umbels plant -1. Treatment T4 (FYM @ 10 t ha-1) recorded significantly higher value no. of seeds umbel-i and being at par with treatments T5 (vermicompost @ 21 ha-1), Te (castor cake @ 21 ha-1) and T7 (Neem cake @ 2 t ha-1), respectively. Treatment T1 (control) recorded significantly lower value for no. of seeds umbel-1. Application of FYM @ 10 t ha-1 (T4) showed significantly higher seed yield (1404 kg ha-1) which was remained at par with application of vermicompost @ 2 t ha-1 (T5), castor cake @ 2 t ha-1 (Te) and neem cake @ 2 t ha-1 (T7). Significantly the lowest seed yield (847 kg ha-1) was noticed under treatment absolute control (Ti). Application of castor cake @ 2 t ha-1 (Te) showed significantly higher straw yield (3414 kg ha-1) which was remained at par with application of FYM @ 10 t ha-1 (T4), vermicompost @ 2 t ha-1 (T5) and neem cake @ 2 t ha-1 (T7). Significantly lower straw yield was recorded under treatment T1 (2832 kg ha-1) which was remained at par with treatment T2 (1211 kg ha-1). Results indicated that significantly higher oil content (%) in seed was observed under control treatment T1 (20.95 %) and which was remained at par with treatment T7 (Neem cake @ 2 t ha-1). Significantly lower oil content was observed under Vermicompost @ 2 t ha-1 treatment Ts (17.60 %). Significantly higher N content in seed observed under treatment T3 (1.60 %) and which was remained at par with treatment T2 (1.56 %). Significantly lower seed N content was observed in treatment T1 (1.35 %). The results revealed that P and K content due to different organic manures and fertilizers were non-significant. Results indicated that the influence of different organic manures and fertilizers on soil nutrients viz., EC, pH., available N., P2O5., and K2O status indicated that there existed non-significant difference. Significantly higher O.C. % was observed under the treatment Te (0.65 %) which was remained at par with treatments T7 (0.62%), T6 (0.62%), T4 (0.60%), Ts (0.56%) and T2 (0.54%). Significantly lower O.C. % was observed under the treatment T1 (0.43 %). From the econoniical point of view the treatment FYM @ 10 t ha-1 recorded the highest net realization (78759 ha-1), followed by Azatobactor 2 lit. ha-1 at sowing (soil application) + FYM @ 5 t ha-1 (69349 ha-1) and 60-40-0 NPK kg ha-1 (67181 ha-1). In the light of results obtained from present investigation, it is concluded that for securing higher seed yield and net realization of medicinal crop vernonia through either application of FYM @ 10 t ha-1 or vermicompost @ 2 t ha-1 or castor cake 2 tones ha-1 or neem cake @ 2 t ha-1 to be applied one week before sowing under middle Gujarat conditions.enAGRONOMYA StudyThesis