Singh, T.P.Sharma, Vineet Kumar2016-10-042016-10-042014-08http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/79844Thesis-PhDCombines are used for harvesting of Rice–wheat crops which leaves behind enormous amount of loose residue. Adoption of conservation tillage in part due to lack of reliable seeding equipment for sowing into the loose residue condition encountered in this region. The no-till drills mounted with inverted-T type opener work satisfactory under anchored stubbles but clog frequently under loose straw conditions. To overcome this problem, developed a multi-toolbar no-till drill with optional residue handling device were evaluated in actual un-chopped and chopped field condition both in wheat and rice crop. The developed drill was utilized for sowing of wheat and also compared with other systems of wheat establishment. Based on the result minimum residue accumulation (121 g/m) and maximum residue flow percentage (62.83 %) was found in the tyne arrangement pattern-B. The residue accumulation was not observed when the drill was operated in chopped residue condition with above mentioned tyne arrangement pattern. The residue flow percentage was obtained as 100 per cent. Minimum residue accumulation and maximum residue flow percentage was found as 14.46 g/m/tyne length and 97.21 % in wheat crop residue and 18.57 g/m/tyne length and 96.26 % in rice crop residue respectively for 65 cm tyne length, 30 cm furrow opener spacing and 70 cm toolbar spacing. Maximum straw conveying efficiency for residue handling device was observed as 86.9 and 83.2 % for the combination of 10.2 belt speed index, 60 cm finger spacing and finger position at stubble tip for wheat and rice crop condition respectively in un-chopped residue condition. In chopped residue condition, the maximum conveying efficiency of residue handling device was obtained as 46.8 % and 49.8 % in wheat crop residue and rice crop residue for the combination of 10.2 belt speed index, finger spacing 20 cm and finger tip position at ground level (close to surface). The field experiment for wheat sowing effect on crop response was conducted in randomized block design and evaluated with treatments T1: Un-chopped residue + multi-toolbar no till drill, T2: Chopped residue+ multi-toolbar no-till drill, T3: Un-chopped residue + residue handling device + multi-toolbar no-till drill, T4: Chopped residue + residue handling device + multi-toolbar no-till drill, T5:Un-chopped residue+ Powered coulter double disc type drill, T6: Chopped residue + Powered coulter double disc type drill and T7: Conventional method of sowing (Control). The maximum effective field capacity of 0.45 ha/h was found in Pantnagar no-till drill (M4) followed by multi-toolbar no-till drill (M1) as 0.39-0.42 ha/h, multi-toolbar no-till drill with residue handling device (M2) as 0.38 ha/h and -powered coulter double disc type drill (M3) as 0.34-0.33 ha/h. The maximum field efficiency of 73.5 % was found in machine (M4) followed by 68.75 to 70.83 % for machine (M3), 63.5 to 63.8 % for machine (M1) and 60.2 to 61.4 % for machine (M2). The maximum plant emergence of 161plants/m2 was observed in case of treatment T7. The highest plant height was observed as 24.9 cm in treatment-T4 and 96.0 cm treatment T7 for 30 DAS and at time of harvesting respectively. Highest yield of 5.8 t/ha, number of grains/spike 60.7 and test weight 47.0 g was observed in treatment T3. Almost similar yield was observed for the treatment T1, T3 and T7 (control) as the same did not differ significantly at 5 percent level of significance.endesign, performance testing, farm machinery, no-tillage, tool bars, seed drills, straw, combines, agricultural engineeringThesis