Mahatma, LalitGadhiya, Komal J.2017-12-072017-12-072016-07http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810037137Three bacterial isolates viz., Pseudomonas viridivida NAULK-1, Pseudomonas fluorescens NAULK-2 & Serratia plymuthica NAULK-3 were isolated from the termite (Heterotermes tenuis) gut. These were Gram negative, short rod shaped occurring singly and/or cluster. P. fluorescens NAULK-2 was short rod forming capsule. No capsule was seen in other two isolates. All three isolates were motile. All three bacteria can grow at 5-8 pH, however, showed distinct cultural characteristics on Luria Burtani (LB) agar plate. Three cellulose degrading enzyme viz., endoglucanase, exoglucanase and β-glucosidase were produced by all the three microorganism. Thereby they were capable to hydrolyze long chains of the cellulose in a progressive process because of exoglucanases, cleaves intramolecular β-1,4-glucosidic linkages and decreases the specific viscosity because of endoglucanases enzyme. Wood principally contains Cellulose, Hemicellulose and Lignin. Lignins are particularly important in the formation of cell walls, especially in wood and bark. Lignin fills the spaces in the cell wall between cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin components, especially in xylem tracheids, vessel elements and sclereid cells. It is covalently linked to hemicellulose and therefore crosslinks different plant polysaccharides, conferring mechanical strength to the cell wall and by extension the plant ABSTRACT Abstract…. as a whole. Therefore, the bacteria having only the three cellulose degrading enzyme viz., endoglucanase, exoglucanase and β-glucosidase cannot degrade wood independently. S. plymuthica NAULK-3 had only these three enzymes. Isolate P fluorescens NAULK-2 produce all the three cellulose degrading and xylan degrading enzymes viz., endoglucanase, exoglucanase, β-glucosidase and xylanase. It was more efficient then the S. plymuthica NAULK-3 in degradation of wood, however, were not capable to degrade fully. P. viridivida NAULK-1 produced four different enzymes produced by the P. fluorescens NAULK-2 and additionally it produced laccase to digest lignin. Accordingly, it would be most capable to digest the wood as it have almost all the enzymes to degrade all the principal components of the plant wood. All the three isolates required neutral pH, however, P. viridivida NAULK-1 required 45oC temperature, P. fluorescens NAULK2 required 350C temperature and S. plymuthica NAULK-3 required 30oC temperature for their optimum expression. Expression of all these were maximum at 28 days post inoculation on the CMC and cellulose. Microorganism began the utilization of the natural agricultural/ agroindustrial wastes viz., wheat bran/straw, saw dust and rice straw within 7 days and the optimum time to degrade different substrate varied according to the substrate utilized and microorganism used. Among the different substrates, what straw/bran and rice straw was easiest to degrade by all the isolates, almost equal time was taken by all the isolated to degrade both the natural products, however, among the different isolates P. viridivida NAULK-1 degraded it earliest (21 days for the 50 per cent digestion and 28 days for the complete digestion), followed by P. fluorescens NAULK-2 (28 days for the 50 per cent digestion and 35 days for the complete digestion). Isolate S. plymuthica NAULK-3 took 35 days for the 50 per cent digestion and 42 days for the complete digestion. In the case of saw dust as substrate P. viridivida NAULK-1 took 28 days for Abstract…. the 50 per cent digestion and 35 days for the complete digestion. Isolate P. fluorescens NAULK-2 took 35 days for the 50 per cent digestion and 49 days for the complete digestion and isolate S. plymuthica NAULK-3 took 42 days for the 50 per cent digestion and 56 days for the complete digestion. The data were in accordance to the synthetic media, however, the long time to degrade the same over the synthetic media might be because of the complex structure of these natural molecules. For bacterial genomic DNA analysis 27F & 1525R primer were used to amplify ~1.5 kB DNA band size at 500C annealing temperature. In PCR all the isolates gave ~1.5 kB DNA band.ennullThesis