A. K., SINGHMAYANK RAJNIBHAI, RAIYANI2024-07-312024-07-312022-12-14https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810212642Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an annual diploid species (2n = 2x = 26) and wild species Sesamum prostratum (2n = 32) belongs to family pedaliaceae. Wild species have more diversity for traits which can be utilized. Salinity is global problem reduce the plant growth, cause membrane damage, induce oxidative stress and disturb the metabolic pathway which result in lower crop yield. Present pot experiment was performed to compare the response of cultivated Sesamum indicum (Purva-1) and wild species Sesamum prostratum (KP/PR/20-17) under salt stress. Factorial completely randomized design was followed and experiment was performed at Botanical Garden of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CPCA, SDAU, Sardarkrushinagar during Kharif 2021. Purva-1 and KP/PR/20-17 were germinated in soil and vermicompost mixture (1:1) and irrigated at regular interval with salt solution for following treatments viz., T1: H2O (control), T2:4 dS m-1, T3:8 dS m-1 and T4:12 dS m-1 , which were prepared by using different salts (NaCl, Na2SO4, CaSO4, MgCl2) till the desired soil EC achieved. Assessment was done for their salt tolerance ability by evaluating morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters were performed once the desired salinity level in soil was achieved. It was recorded that soil salinity reduced plant height, number of leaf, fresh biomass of shoot and root, dry biomass of shoot and root in both genotypes, however, per cent decrease was higher in Purva-1 than KP/PR/20-17. Chlorophyll was reduced under salinity over control with higher decline in Purva-1. Carotenoid content also decline in Purva-1 but, it increases in KP/PR/20-17. Soil salinity increase the Na+ content in leaf, stem and root of both genotypes, with higher increase in Purva-1 as compared to KP/PR/20-17. In contrast, K+ content decreased in leaf and stem of both genotypes with less decrease in KP/PR/20-17. A marked increase in lipid peroxidation (MDA content) and electrolyte leakage was noticed with increase in salinity, which was much higher in Purva-1 than KP/PR/20-17. The proline content and ROS scavenging enzymes i.e. super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) increased with increase in salinity levels with the higher increase in KP/PR/20-17 than Purva-1. Thus from the above experiment it is concluded that Abstract ii under salinity stress, wild Sesamum prostratum (KP/PR/20-17) conserve its leaf number, height, and chlorophyll. It also accumulate more proline and potassium in the leaf might act as osmoregulator, which leads to lesser electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation, also KP/PR/20-17 induce antioxidant enzyme activity more than Purva-1. As a result of above salt tolerance traits KP/PR/20-17 sustain its biomass under different salinity level.EnglishThesis