Mishra, RajashreeSenapati, Iswar AnandKundu, Akshaya KumarMishra, Bidyut PravaRath, Prasana Kumar2022-01-312022-01-312020https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810181388Th-6094Being highly palatable, digestible, tasty and comparatively low in calorie, poultry meat is often suggested by dieticians over other meats or meat products. At the moment of slaughter, chicken meat sometimes gets infected with Escherichia coli. They are natural gastroenteric inhabitants of animals, birds and human beings that have become very modified to cause diarrhoea and some extra intestinal diseases from just a few strains. The serological detection of somatic O, flagellar H and capsular K antigens is routinely defined by E. coli isolates. Those bacteria include Shiga Toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC). O157:H7 strain of Escherichia coli is the most commonly found STEC. In the current report, a total of 320 samples of raw chicken meat were collected from the retail poultry meat market or Bhubaneswar stores. Both samples have been analysed for E. coli identification, followed by STEC. 224 E. coli isolates were obtained among which 42 were STEC. MacConkey Lactose Agar (MLA) and Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar were used as differential and selective media to separate E. coli from meat samples. Triturated meat samples were first inoculated on MLA, where pink or red colonies were selected and grown on EMB agar, E. coli were considered to be isolated colonies with greenish metallic sheen, and various biochemical tests were further confirmed. Then E. coli isolates were grown on Sorbitol containing MacConkey Agar. The colourless colonies producing isolates were selected as that of Escherichia coli O157:H7. In the chicken samples that consisted of breast muscle (68.12 percent) and leg meat muscle (71.88 percent), the average incidence of E. coli found during this study was 70 percent. In the samples containing breast muscle (13.12 percent) and leg meat muscle (13.12 percent), the average incidence of STEC found during the present study was 13.12 percent. Patterns of in vitro antibiotic resistance to 18 antibiotics were studied among isolates of 224 E. coli. Oxytetracycline (64.73%) was observed to be most and Cefepime (5.36%) being least resistant. Highest sensitivity was exhibited to Tobramycin (88.84%). Among 42 STEC isolates the highest resistance was against Oxytetracycline (66.67%) and highest sensitivity was exhibited to Tobramycin (85.71%). All the 224 Escherichia coli isolates were assayed for biofilm production using Microtiter Plate method and Congo Red Agar method. In Micotiter plate method, 154 out of 224 isolates (68.75%) were found to be positive for biofilm formation. Among those, 7.14% isolates are highly positive, 70.78% isolates are moderately positive and 27.08% are weakly positive. Also, in Congo Red Agar method, 68.75% isolates produced biofilm. 23.38% isolates are highly positive, 37.66% isolates are moderate positive and 38.96 % are weakly positive. Similarly, 24 among 42 (57.14%) STEC isolates are biofilm positive in case of both the methods. By Microtiter Plate method 12.5%, 79.17% and 8.33% isolates are high, moderate and weakly positive respectively. By Congo Red Agar method, 20.83%, 50% and 29.17% isolates are high, moderate and weakly positive respectively. Among 24 biofilm forming STEC isolates the highest resistance was found against the Oxytetracycline (83.33%) and least resistance was observed against Tobramycin (0%). Highest sensitivity was exhibited to Tobramycin (83.33%).EnglishThesis