Thakral, S. KDiwedi, Aniket2023-02-142023-02-142022-12https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810193796A field experiment was carried out during winter 2017-18 and 2018-19 at RRS, Kaul, Haryana. The experiment comprising of 4 level of varieties in main plots (WH 1080, WH 1025, WH 1142 and WH 711) and 5 levels of nutrient combination in subplots (Control, 100% RDF, 50% RDF + 50% RDF through FYM, 50% RDF + 50% RDF through vermicompost and 50% RDF + 50% RDF through FYM + 50% RDF through vermicompost + biofertilizers (seed treatment) was carried out in split plot design with three replications. The soil of the experimental plot was clay loam in texture and slightly alkaline in reaction with pH 7.9 and EC of 0.27 dS/m. The soil was low in available nitrogen (107.8 kg/ha), high in available phosphorus (25.4 kg/ha), high in available potassium (313.2 kg/ha), copper (1.37 mg/kg), iron (13.45 mg/kg), manganese (2.85 mg/kg) and zinc (1.76 mg/kg) before sowing. The objective of experiment was effect of varieties and nutrient sources on growth attributes, yields and yield attributes, quality, nutrient content by wheat, nutrient uptake by wheat, available OC, N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in soil at harvest, nitrogen removal ratio, nitrogen use efficiency and most profitable nutrient sources and varieties. Significantly higher mean plant population, plant height, LAI, LAD, dry matter accumulation and shoot length were recorded in variety WH 1142 and 100% RDF, respectively. Days taken to 50% heading and 50% anthesis was shorter in variety WH 1025 and in control treatment among nutrient sources. Yield attributes viz. mean number of effective tillers/m2, spike length (cm), number of grains/spike, grains weight/spike (g) and 1000-grain weight were significantly higher in wheat variety WH 1142 and in nutrient sources with 100% RDF. Mean protein and starch content in grain is significantly influenced by application of 100% RDF. WH 1142 gives significantly higher mean grain yield of 4866 kg/ha and 4877 kg/ha, respectively during 2017-18 and 2018-19 over other varieties (WH 1080, WH 1025 and WH 711). Significantly higher mean grain (4736 and 4758 kg/ha) and straw yield (7652 and 7719 kg/ha) were recorded in 100% RDF during 2017-18 and 2018-19, respectively over other nutrient sources. Application of 50% RDF + 50% RDF through FYM + 50% RDF through vermicompost + biofertilizers (seed treatment) resulted in significantly higher grain and straw yield over other integrated approach. Among interaction effect significantly higher grain and straw yield were recorded in WH 1142 × 100% RDF during 2017-18 and 2018-19. Mean N, P and K content and uptake by grain and straw was significantly higher in variety WH 1142, which is followed by variety WH 711, WH 1080 and WH 1025 during 2017-18 and 2018-19. Available mean N, P and K content in soil at harvest were incresaed in plot receiving 100% RDF as compared to initial status. However significant increase in available mean organic carbon and DTPA-extractable Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in soil at harvest recorded in treatment receiving 50% RDF + 50% RDF through FYM + 50% RDF through vermicompost + biofertilizers (seed treatment) over initial status of soil. Use efficiency (AE, PE and RE) of nitrogen was significantly higher in 100% RDF, due to higher uptake by crop and higher yields. Highest mean net return (53282 and 56828 Rs./ha) were incurred with variety WH 1142 and among nutrient sources with 100% RDF (51227 and 54019 Rs./ha) during 2017-18 and 2018-19. The higher BCR of wheat was recorded in variety WH 1142 (1.60 and 1.64) over all other varieties and among nutrient sources in 100% RDF (1.59 and 1.61) during 2017-18 and 2018-19.EnglishThesis