Manisha RaniChawdhary, Shivani2021-09-082021-09-082021-02https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810175361The experiment was conducted at N.E. Borlaug Crop research centre of G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar (Latitude 29ºN, Longitude 79º30' E and Altitude 243.84 m above MSL) during Kharif season of 2019-20 to study the saving of water in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by using surfactants and its effect on soil properties and yield with three irrigation treatments i.e. irrigation with surfactant-1 (I1), irrigation with surfactant-2 (I2) and irrigation without surfactant (I3) in Lysimeters and in field condition. Three water table regimes (30±1.5, 60±1.5 and 90±1.5 cm) were also maintained in lysimeters. The experiment was conducted using completely randomized design (CRD) in field condition and factorial Randomized block design (RBD) in Lysimeter condition. The analyzed data of Lysimeter showed that maximum biological yield (112.55 q ha-1), grain yield (51.96 q ha-1), pH (6.64), Ec (0.22 dS m-1), was observed under treatment I1. In case of interaction of water table with the use of surfactant, the maximum biological yield (114.56 q ha-1), grain yield (52.71 q ha-1), pH (6.90), Ec (0.24 dS m-1) and water use efficiency (1.43 kg ha-1 mm-1) was observed under I1 ×W1. In case of field experiment, the analyzed data showed that maximum biological yield (120.28 q ha-1), grain yield (52.25 q ha-1), water use efficiency (2.05 Kg ha-1 mm-1), pH (6.44), Ec (0.23 dS m-1), was observed under treatment I1. Also, more infiltration rate (25.33 mm hr-1 & 27.95 mm hr-1) were observed under treatment I1 in Lysimeter and field experiment, respectively. Also the days to panicle initiation (68DAT & 69.25 DAT) and physiological maturity (85DAT & 84 DAT) was delayed in treatment I1 in Lysimeter and field experiment, which results in more accumulation of photosynthates and increases yield therefore. The total water use under water table 90±1.5 cm was highest under treatment I3 i.e. 7299.0 mm which reduced to 5520.2 mm under treatment I1, while using surfactant-1. Under water table 60±1.5 cm total water use was maximum under treatment I3 i.e. 6302.4 mm which reduced to 4566.7 mm under treatment I1 while using surfactant-1, and under water table 30±1.5 cm total water use was maximum under treatment I3 i.e. 6393.2 mm which reduced to 3663.2 mm under treatment I1 while using surfactant-1. It is concluded from the observed result of the study that among different irrigation treatments and water table depth in Lysimeter and in field condition maximum yield of rice and water saving was observed in irrigation with surfactant-1 (I1). It is also clear from the above results that surfactant can be used efficiently in saving water for rice production, the most water consuming crop of the world.EnglishThesis