Mishra, Uma KantaSahu, Santosh KumarNath, IndramaniKundu, Akshaya KumarPanda, Susen KumarSahoo, GyanaranjanSathapathy, Srinivas2022-02-142022-02-142021https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810182215Th-6618The present study was conducted on the 12 apparent healthy foeti of non-descript sheep of Odisha divided into three age groups viz. G-I (0-50 days), G-II (51-100 days) and G-III (101-150 days), with 4 foeti in each group to record the detailed morphogenesis of the heart which encompassed gross morphogenesis and morphometry, histomorphogenesis and morphometry, histochemical development and biochemical development. The results revealed the shape of the heart to vary from triangular to conical in the sheep foeti. The cells lining the endocardium and epicardium became elongated from flat shape with advancing age. The intercalated discs appeared continuous from broken lines with advancing age in the myocardium of cardiac wall in sheep foeti. The frequency of blood vessels, connective tissue fibres and connective tissue cells increased with age in the subendothelium, subepicardium, myocardium, epicardium, cardiac valves and cardiac fibrous skeleton in the sheep foeti. The average circumference, height, length and thickness of heart increased in the sheep foeti from G-I to G-III. The cardiac conducting cells such as cells of SA node, internodal fibres, AV node, bundle of His and purkinje fibres were noted to be larger in size than the surrounding cardiac myocytes and had a glassy cytoplasm. The average diameter of the myocardiocytes, Purkinje fibres, blood capillaries of cardiac walls, nucleus of the myocardiocytes and Purkinje fibres, endothelial cells lining the internal wall of the heart and the frequency distribution of myocardiocytes, fibroblasts, nuclei of myocardiocytes and intercalated discs and blood capillaries in the endocardium and myocardium of heart and revealed an age dependent rise in sheep foeti of G-I to G-III. Scanning electron microscopic studies revealed the presence of pores among the endothelial cells and cardiac myocytes in the sheep foeti at all stages of gestation. The PAS activity was observed in the cardiac wall, interatrial septum, interventricular septum and cardiac vales in the sheep foeti at all stages of gestation. Occasional mast cells and a sparse number of argentaffin cells were noted in the pectinate muscles of atria, papillary muscles of ventricles and myocardium of interventricular septum in all the sheep foeti. The frequency of nerve fibres increased with age in the heart wall, interatrial septum, interventricular septum and cardiac valves in the sheep foeti. A variable degree of acid phosphatase activity was noted in the epicardium and myocardium of heart wall in the sheep foeti at all stages of gestation. The lipid deposition increased with advancing age in the myocardium of cardiac wall, interatrial septum and interventricular septum in the sheep foeti. The activities of various enzymes like creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase and serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase were high in left ventricle than the right ventricle in the sheep foeti. Certain protein bands of specific molecular weight appeared in the ventricular tissue at specific age of gestation in addition to a group of common proteins which appeared in all the age of foeti used in the present study.EnglishThesis