IQBAL HYDER (MAJOR)SRINIVAS PRASAD .CHMUTHA RAO .MGNAPIKA .G2024-07-082024-07-082024-02https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810211564The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of transition stress in ongole cows during transition period. Twelve animals (n=12) were randomly selected from livestock research station (LRS), Lam farm, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh of which 6 are multiparous pregnant animals (transition group) and 6 are clinically healthy heifers (control group). From gravid females, samples were collected during transition period week-3, week-2, week-1, on the day of parturition, week+1, week+2, week+3. Physiological parameters like RT, RR and PR were recorded daily at 9:00 AM throughout the study period. Three aliquots of blood sample (whole blood with anticoagulants in two vacutainers and one vacutainer of blood with clot activators for serum isolation) were collected. One aliquot of whole blood was directly used for analysis of haematological parameters (TEC, TLC, Hb, PCV, Platelets, DLC, Erythrocyte indices) and blood glucose, while another aliquot was used for separation of PBMC and subsequent RNA isolation for gene expression studies of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), HSP90. Blood with clot activators was processed to separate serum, for estimation of biochemical parameters (total protein, albumin, cholesterol, ALT, AST, Creatinine, BUN, Calcium, Phosphorous). The mean±SE values of RT, RR and PR vary significantly (p<0.05) between control and transition group. The mean±SE values of RT, RR and PR didn’t vary significantly (p>0.05) in between weeks of transition group. The mean±SE values of haematological parameters vary significantly (p<0.05) between control and certain weeks in transition group. The mean±SE values of haematological parameters like platelets, MCHC, granulocytes and monocytes vary significantly (p<0.05) within transition group and also vary significantly between the control and transition group and significant (p<0.05) difference was observed within the weeks of transition group and between control and transition group. The mean±SE values of albumin and creatinine did not vary significantly (p>0.05) between control and transition group and no significant (p>0.05) difference was observed. The blood glucose levels vary significantly (p<0.05) between control and transition group when compared to control group the levels of glucose decreased in transition weeks and the blood glucose also vary significantly (p<0.05) within the weeks of transition group, the blood glucose levels decreased significantly from prepartum to on the day of parturition and then increased significantly from the day of parturition to postpartum and significant (p<0.05) difference was observed between control and transition group and within the weeks of transition group. The mean±SE values of ALT were significantly (p<0.05) higher in postpartum when compared to control. The mean±SE values of AST vary significantly (p<0.05) within the weeks of transition group and significant (p<0.05) difference was noticed within the weeks in transition group. The mean±SE values of AST were significantly (p<0.05) higher in prepartum week-2, week-1, 0day and postpartum weeks in comparison to control. The mean±SE values of total protein and globulin were significantly (p<0.05) higher in week-3, week-2 and week+1 of transition group in comparison to control. The mean±SE values of BUN, calcium, phosphorous were significantly (p<0.05) lower on week-2 in transition group when compared to control. The mean±SE values of BUN vary significantly (p<0.05) within the weeks in transition group and significant (p<0.05) difference was within the weeks of transition group. The mean±SE values of cholesterol were significantly (p<0.05) lower on week-2, week-1, 0day, week+1 in transition group in comparison to control. The relative mRNA expression of IL-1β was significantly upregulated in transition group on prepartum 0 day and postpartum week+1, week+2, week+3 compared to control and the expression of IL-1β was Significantly (p<0.05) downregulated in transition group compared to control group on week-3. The relative mRNA expression of IL-6 was not significantly (p>0.05) different between control group and animals in week 3, week-2, week-1, 0day, week+1, week+2 and week+3. The relative mRNA expression of TNF-α was significantly(p<0.05) upregulated in transition group on prepartum week 2, 0 day and postpartum week+3 compared to control. The relative mRNA expression of TNF-α was significantly (p<0.05) downregulated in transition group on week+1 compared to control. The relative mRNA expression of HSP90 was significantly (p<0.05) downregulated in transition group compared to control group in prepartum week-3, week 1, and postpartum week+1, week+2, week+3. No significant (p>0.05) difference was observed between the control group and week-2, 0 day of transition group.EnglishThesis