PRAKASH NADOORMAHADEVA SHARMA B.M2022-05-062022-05-062018-07https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810184365to document the pharmacovigilance data collected from veterinarians (voluntary) in the State of Karnataka (Phase-I). Further, pharmacokinetics (milk depletion drug kinetics) of most favoured antibacterial agent employed in the State was studied in HFx dairy cows (n=8) clinically ailing from mastitis (Phase-II). Analysis of prescriptions w.r.t livestock species (cattle, sheep and goats; N=912) revealed that among the major therapeutic segments drugs belonging to viz., antibacterials (28.37%) > non-steroidal agents (NSAIDs;15.70%) > antihistaminics (H1 blockers;12.42%) classes were prescribed most. Further, cephalosporins (19.39%) > tetracyclines (16.24%) > β-lactam + β-lactamase inhibitors (11.92%) were most prescribed among the antibacterial agents. The number of drugs per prescription was in the order of three or more (64.80%) > double (24.23%) > single (10.97%). Among the polydrug therapies, antibacterial agents prescribed in combination with NSAIDs accounted most (47.39%) followed by both with glucocorticoids and NSAID’s (11.60%). The extra-label usage of antibacterial agents in the treatment of mastitis and uterine infections in dairy cattle and buffaloes alone accounted 18.42 and 34.88 per cent, respectively. The survey revealed that cefquinome sulphate (intramammary) was most preferred antibacterial agent for the clinical mastitis in the State. Pharmacovigilance study (N=1005) revealed 6.07 and 0.80 per cent adverse drug reactions [ADR(s)] and adverse drug effects [ADE(s)], respectively. Pharmacokinetic studies following therapeutic administration (intramammary) of cefquinome (75 mg. q 12 h x three times) in mastitic dairy cows revealed a peak (Cmax.) concentration of cefquinome in milk of mastitic quarter (664.06±131.24 μg.mL-1) was observed (tmax.) at 6 h after last infusion. The elimination half-life (t1/2z), the area under curve (AUC0-) and mean residence time (MRT) was 5.24±0.51 h, 7915.38±1946.57 g.mL-1.h and 20.97±3.08 h, respectively, when the time vs milk concentration data was subjected to analysis by non-compartment model. The concentration last observed: Cmax. ratio was 0.0088±0.001. The milk concentration of cefquinome persists (LOD=0.052 μg.mL-1) up to 72 h (5.28±0.64 μg.mL-1) and 36 h (4.04 μg.mL-1) in mastitic quarter and untreated (healthy) quarter, respectively after the last therapeutic administration in HFx dairy cows. Keywords: Prescription analysis, Pharmacovigilance, Cefquinome, Pharmacokinetics, Mastitis, HFx dairy cowEnglishThesis