Kaushal, SoniaRashmi2019-11-162019-11-162019http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810135495The present investigation deals with chemistry and biological activities of banana (Musa sapientum) peel extract. Banana peel extracts were prepared by Soxhlet extraction method using petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and methanol as solvents. GCMS analysis of methanolic extract showed the presence of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (24.78 %) as major compound. Methanol extract was subjected to column chromatography to isolate 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF). It was chemically transformed into two derivatives viz. [5- (3-Nitrophenyliminomethyl)furan-2-yl]methanol and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfuralidene - acetophenone. 5-HMF and transformed compounds were identified by FT-IR and 1H-NMR studies. Mineral analysis of peel powder revealed the presence of K, Ca, P, Mg, Fe, B etc. Proximate analysis of peel powder showed the presence of (%) moisture (23.34), ash (13.62), crude fat (3.67), crude protein (8.14), crude fibre (22.21) and total soluble sugar (12.50) content. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenols, tannins, steroids and terpenoids in various extracts. The total phenolic content of various extracts ranged from 17.82 to 35.82 mg GAE/g of extracts. The peel extracts, 5-HMF and its derivatives were tested for their antibacterial potential against Klebsiella sp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using disc plate method, antifungal potential against Fusarium oxysporum by agar well diffusion method and antioxidant potential by DPPH and NO assay. Among all the treatments, maximum antibacterial potential was exhibited by methanol extract whereas ethyl acetate extract possessed maximum antifungal potential and 5- Hydroxymethylfurfuralideneacetophenone exhibited maximum antioxidant potential.ennullThesis