Singh, S.K.Mishra, Rajan2020-11-042020-11-042020-08https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810154416In the present study a feeding trial of 120 day was conducted to know the effect of garlic and turmeric powder supplementation on growth, nutrient utilization, haemato-biochemical parameters, fecal characteristics and immuneoxidative stress status of crossbred female calves during winter and summer season. Total 24 female crossbred calves (between 4- 6 months age) were selected and divided into 4 groups viz., T1 Control, T2 Garlic powder, T3 Turmeric Powder, T4 Garlic + Turmeric Powder (50:50) supplementation @ 15 g/head/day and in all the treatments feeds was given. Results of the present study reveal that the calves in T2 group had significantly (P<0.05) higher total BW, ADG, body measurements and DMI followed by T4, T3 and lowest in the control group and FCE of the calves were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the T2 followed by T3, T4 and lowest in control group. While during summer, it was recorded that calves in the T4 group had significantly (P<0.05) higher BW and ADG followed by T2, T3 and lowest in control group. HAW and BL of the calves were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the T4 followed by T2, T3 and lowest in control group while, CG of the calves was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the T3 followed by T4, T2 and lowest in control group. DMI was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the T4 followed by T3, T2 and lowest in the control group while FCE of the calves was significantly (P<0.05) higher in T4 followed by T2, T3 and lowest in control group. Digestibility of OM, CF and NFE were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the T3 followed by T2, T4 and lowest in control group, and digestibility of CP was significantly (P<0.05) higher in control group followed by T3, T2 and lower in T4 group during winter season. While during summer season, digestibility of DM, OM and CF were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the T4 and lower in the control group, digestibility of CP was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the control and lower in the T2 group. Digestibility of EE and NFE were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the T2 and lower in the control group. Hb, PCV, TLC, TEC and lymphocytes were significantly (P<0.05) higher and neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils were significantly (P<0.05) lower in the supplemented groups as compared to the control during both seasons. Total protein, albumin and globulin were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the T2 followed by T4, T3 and lowest in the control group, while glucose, BUN and AST were lower in the T2, GGT and ALT levels were significantly (P<0.05) lower in the T3 group and creatinine level was significantly (P<0.05) lower in the T4 group followed by others during winter season. However during summer, total protein and albumin levels were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the T4 and globulin levels was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the T3, glucose and BUN levels significantly lower in the T4, GGT and ALT levels were significantly (P<0.05) lower in the T3, creatinine and AST levels were significantly (P<0.05) lower in the T2 group. Total cholesterol level was significantly (P<0.01) lower in the T4 group, LDL, VLDL and triglycerides levels were significantly (P<0.01) lower in the T2 group while HDL level was significantly (P<0.01) higher in the T2 group followed by others during winter season. However during summer, total cholesterol, VLDL and triglycerides levels were significantly (P<0.01) lower in the T3, LDL levels was significantly (P<0.01) lower in the T4 group and HDL levels was significantly (P<0.01) higher in the T4 group. Fecal volume and pH were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the T3 group, feces frequency was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the T4 and T2 group and feces colour and frequency was normal in nature in all supplemented groups during both seasons except feces frequency was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the T4 group during summer season. Amphistomes spp. counts was significantly (P<0.01) lower in the T2 group but moniezia and Eimeria spp. counts were significantly (P<0.01) lower in the T4 group during both seasons. Fecal coliform and E. coli counts were significantly (P<0.05) lower in the T2 group followed by others during winter season, while during summer season fecal coliform count was significantly (P<0.05) lower in the T2 group and E. coli count was lower in the T4 group. Total immunoglobulin concentration was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the T4 group followed by T3, T2 and lowest in control group during winter season, while during summer total immunoglobulin concentration was significantly higher in the T2 followed by T4, T3 and lowest in the control group. Cell mediated immune response was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the T2 followed by T4, T3 and lowest in the control group during winter season. While during summer season cell mediated immune response was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the T3 followed by T4, T2 and lowest in the control group. Humoral immune response was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the T2 followed by T3, T4 and lowest in the control group during winter season while during summer humoral immune response was significantly higher in the T4 followed by T3, T2 and lowest in the control group. SOD, GSH and cortisol levels were significantly lower in the T4 followed by T3, T2, LPO levels was significantly lower in the T2 followed by T4, T3 and higher in the control group during winter season. During summer season, SOD and GSH levels were significantly (P<0.05) lower in the T3 followed by T4, T2, LPO and cortisol levels were significantly (P<0.05) lower in the T4 followed by T2, T3 and higher in the control group. It can be concluded that, garlic and turmeric powder supplementation in the diet of crossbred female calves to improves their overall growth performance, hematobiochemical parameters, fecal characteristics, immunity response and reduces cholesterol concentrations, oxidative stress status during winter and summer season.EnglishThesis