Shankhdhar, S.C.Bisarya, Dipti2019-04-222019-04-222018-08http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810100767The field experiment was carried out at the Organic block of Breeder seed production Centre (BSPC), G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India, with an objective to investigate the effects of different organic, inorganic and integrated nutrient sources on the physiological and biochemical parameters in the two basmati rice varieties. The experiments were laid out in Split plot design replicated thrice with eight treatments as main plots viz., T1: GM+FYM (AWD), T2: Organic (AWD), T3: FYM+VC (AWD), T4: SRI with FYM (AWD), T5: DSR+Soybean (LSI), T6: Organic control (CF), T7: Chemical control (CF), T8: Integrated (CF) and two basmati rice varieties Type-3 and Taraori in the sub plots. Results showed that the organic manure such as FYM, VC and green manure had equal potential to increase the agronomical and physiological parameters of rice crop. The grain yield was reported maximum in T8 Integrated (CF) which was at par with T1 GM+FYM (AWD). Out of the two varieties, Taraori basmati was selected for further study of nutritional parameters and it was found that among all the treatments T3 FYM+VC (AWD) was best for enhancing the zinc content in the grains. However, T1 GM+FYM (AWD) was the best for enhancing the iron content in the grains. Localization of maximum zinc and iron were also reported in these treatments through staining techniques. Whereas T6 Organic control (CF) was better for increasing the ascorbic acid and protein content in the grains. Finding also revealed that milling results in huge loss of iron, zinc and protein from the edible part of the rice grain. A similar pot experiment was also conducted with Taraori basmati rice variety under the treatments GM+FYM, FYM+VC, Organic control, Chemical control and Integrated. Results of this pot experiment also showed that the treatments FYM+VC and GM+FYM were best to increase the antioxidant activity such as SOD, CAT, APX, GPOX, GR, TPC and TFC in the leaves. This may be due to the reason that these treatments were more successful in increasing the amount of physiologically active zinc and iron in the leaves of Taraori basmati rice variety. Thus it can be concluded that the application of organic manure FYM and VC, and green manure such as Sesbania are an important strategy for sustainable development that can address the current problem of low nutritional quality of rice grains without compromising it with the yields.ennullThesis