Panda, Susen KumarBegum, AsifaRath, Prasana KumarKumar, DhirendraJena, Geeta Rani2022-02-152022-02-152021https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810182332TH - 6650Aflatoxins which are natural pollutants in feed, have the greatest impact on duck health, economics and productivity. Because ducklings are more sensitive to aflatoxin than other species, exposure to aflatoxin at a level of 100ppb can cause growth retardation, severe damages to numerous organs (heart, liver, kidney, thymus) and few cases of fatality. A plant such as M. oleifera which is widely accessible and free of adverse effects with high in nutrients, minerals, and vitamins, can be used to combat aflatoxin poisoning. Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) were discovered as an excellent source of natural antioxidant, including essential sulfur-containing amino acids (cysteine and methionine), phenols, flavonoids, glucosinolates, kaempferol, sterols, and other compounds thought to have healthpromoting properties, assists in the neutralization mycotoxin AFB1. Total 120 day-old white pekin ducklings were divided equally to four groups of 30 ducklings each, with three replica. Aflatoxin was produced and thoroughly mixed with a bulk amount of feed to produce the appropriate amount 100ppb aflatoxicated feed. This technique was repeated in groups-2, 3, and 4 along with Moringa oleifera leaves administered to group-3 at a low dose of 15g and group-4 at a high dose of 30g/kg of diet respectively with aflatoxin 100ppb. Group-1 was preserved as the normal control group. All of the experimental birds were monitored for different indications of aflatoxicosis such as depression, restlessness, lameness, weakness, anorexia. By the end of the 28-days period, there was a decrease in regular appetite and a drop in body weight gain in the aflatoxin induced group, whereas these values rose in the therapy group. Different haematological measures such as haemoglobin percent, PCV, TEC, lymphocyte and TLC values fell significantly in the aflatoxin-intoxicated group, however heterophil count and heterophil lymphocyte ratio rose significantly. The addition of MOL powder to a toxin-containing meal immediately alleviated these effects. Serum AST, ALT, GGT, LDH, ALP, triglyceride, cholesterol, BUN and creatinine levels rose in aflatoxinintoxicated ducklings. The values of SOD, catalase, GSH, and antioxidant markers were lower in group-2, with rise in LPO indicating oxidative stress in only aflatoxin-treated ducks. The cotreatment with MOL powder to an aflatoxin-intoxicated feed sample, on the other hand had a preventive effect, as evidenced by the reversal of the changes in blood chemistry and oxidative stress parameters markers produced by aflatoxin. Toxicopathological lesions in ducks included haemorrhagic patches and congestion in numerous organs, with marked necrosis and prominent degeneration in hepatocytes of liver, degenerative tubular epithelium, and necrosis of tubular lining cells in the kidney. The gross and histology of the moringa leaf powder treated groups on the other hand, revealed reduction in severity and frequency of alterations in tissues. As a result, the inclusion of MOL powder to prevent aflatoxicosis is advised as helpful and cost-effective at high dose 30g/kg of feed.EnglishThesis